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As You See: Photographic Constructs of Architecture
No full textFrom the earliest days of its invention, photography and architecture have been in a continuous interplay. Through photography, all kinds of images of the built envi- ronment have been produced and circulated. Photography has not been a passive or naïve tool for recording, describing, and documenting architecture. As a process of image-making, it has had many choices for picturing architecture. It renders what a camera sees in a photographic space. As a technique operated by different ways of seeing tocapture images and construct a discursive medium, photography has had significant effects on architectural imagination, design, practice, and critique. This essay aims to track photography’s implications transforming architecture by displaying several interfaces between architecture and photography
Experimental Analysis of Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger
No full textInternational Symposium on Convective Heat and Mass Transfer (CONV) -- JUN 05-10, 2022 -- Izmir, TURKEYIn this study, a shell and tube heat exchanger with 7 inner parallel tubes and 5 baffles are experimentally investigated using deionized water to determine tube sheet thermo-hydraulic characteristic. While shell side flow rate is held constant, tube sheet theoretical Reynolds numbers was aimed to range between 1000 and 5000 to target transition regime. Modified Wilson Plot technique is utilized to determine Nusselt numbers. Thermal results coincide with correlations within acceptable range, hydraulic results highly overestimated flow in pipe correlations. The reason behind hydraulic discrepancy is thought to be due to inlet, outlet, and maldistribution effects. Numerical studies are being conducted to understand underlying phenomenon. In the future, experiments with nanofluids will be conducted and benchmarked with current study results to evaluate the effects of nanofluid
Hydrogen Production and Polymer Electrode Membrane (pem) Fuel Cells for Electrical Vehicles
No full textFuel cells (FC) are regarded as efficient power suppliers for energy storage. They convert chemical energy stored in hydrogen bonds into electrical energy, releasing water as the only by-product. Therefore, it has a great potential for utilizing green energy as diminishing pollutant emission primarily due to the CO 2 released from fossil fuel and the socio-economic dependence on fossil fuel. In the last few decades, fundamental research and advancements in FC technology have improved tremendously, especially accompanying the integration in electrical vehicles (EVs). The most frequently used FCs for vehicle applications is the proton exchange membrane -commonly called polymer electrolyte membrane-FCs (PEMFCs) due to the benefits of low weight, high-power density, and cold-start capability. Using PEMFCs and hydrogen, one can reach about 65% of practical efficiency with no pollutant emission. Today, almost all the major automobile producers are in contact with PEMFC EVs technology. Thus, this chapter emphasizes the analysis of PEMFCs for the applications of EVs. It is designed to combine the assistive research updates on the materials and components to be valuable for the performance enhancement of the FCEV applications. This chapter also brings together the essential data of commercialized PEMFC EVs up to date. © 2023 Scrivener Publishing LLC
Ottoman Empire and Africa in the Age of Colonial Expansion Appreciating the Loyalty of African Muslims, Debating Colonial Rupture
No full text[No abstract available
Rusya'da Bir Osmanlı Rum Âlimi: Evgenios Voulgaris ve Ortodoks Kilisesinde Aydınlanma
No full textEvgenios Voulgaris lived in Venice, the Ottoman Empire, German city states and Russia. One of the important Rum scholars of the 18th century, Voulgaris developed his own ideas which were nourished by various intellectual traditions. He spread the idea of the Enlightenment among the Orthodox through educational institutions and his works. Having led the discussions within the scope of the Enlightenment thought of Rum scholars, Voulgaris became a part of the interaction with his activities in the Ottoman Empire, Germany and Russia. The fact that he carried out his scholarly activities across various cultures, worlds of ideas and political borders shows the existence of connected areas in the 18th century. This thesis is aimed at going beyond the stereotypical narrative of Enlightenment scholars through Voulgaris, and discusses how the Rums, as actors of interaction, had an impact on Russian and Ottoman lands.Evgenios Voulgaris, Venedik, Osmanlı İmparatorluğu, Alman şehir devletleri ve Rusya topraklarında yaşamını sürdürdü. 18. yüzyılın önemli Rum âlimlerinden biri olan Voulgaris, çeşitli fikri geleneklerden etkilenerek kendi düşüncelerini geliştirdi. Aydınlanma düşüncesini eğitim kurumları ve eserleri aracılığıyla Rumlar arasında yaydı. Rum âlimlerinin Aydınlanma düşüncesi kapsamındaki tartışmalarına öncülük eden Voulgaris, Osmanlı İmparatorluğu, Avrupa ve Rusya'daki faaliyetleri ile bu bölgeler arasındaki etkileşimin bir parçası haline geldi. Voulgaris'in çeşitli kültürlerin, fikir dünyalarının ve siyasi sınırların ötesine geçerek ilmi faaliyetlerini yürütmesi, 18. yüzyıldaki bağlantılı alanların varlığını göstermektedir. Bu tez, Voulgaris üzerinden, Aydınlanma âlimlerinin basmakalıp anlatısının ötesine geçmeyi amaçlamakla birlikte, Rumların etkileşimin aktörleri olarak Rus ve Osmanlı topraklarında nasıl bir etki bıraktıklarını tartışmaktadır
Sıfat Sıralamaları Üzerinde Yeni Bir Kısıtlama
No full textBu yazıda sıfat sıralamaları ile ilgili yeni bir genelleme ortaya atılmakta ve bu genellemenin Son-üstü-Son Kısıtı tarafından açıklanabileği gösterilmektedir. Yazıda ilk olarak Son-üstü-Son Kısıtı betimlenmekte ve bu kısıtın açıklayıcı gücüne örnekler verilmektedir. Daha sonra sıfatlar ile ilgili bazı gözlemler ışığında sıfatların dizimi ile ilgili iki analiz sunulmaktadır: (a) bitiştirme analizi ve (b) işlevsel baş analizi. Yazının sonraki bölümünde sıfat sıralamaları üzerinde adına Sıfat Sırası Genellemesi denilen bir kısıtlamanın var olduğu savunulmaktadır. Son olarak sıfatların işlevsel baş analizi varsayıldığında Sıfat Sırası Genellemesinin Son-üstü-Son Kısıtının sonuçlarından biri olarak ele alınabileceği gösterilmektedir. Yazı, Son-üstü-Son Kısıtının neden geçerli olduğunu açıklayan dizim-temelli bir analizin betimlenmesiyle sona ermektedir
Ex-Ante Welfare Superiority of the Boston Mechanism Over the Deferred Acceptance Mechanism
No full textWe compare two widely used allocation methods for assigning students to schools-the deferred acceptance (DA) mechanism and the Boston mechanism-in terms of students' welfare under a symmetric incomplete information setting in which each student's school preferences are privately known. We assume that each student's type, which is the vector of cardinal values they derive from attending each school, is independently drawn, and each possible strict ranking of schools is equally likely for each student. Furthermore, all schools have an identical student priority order, which is unknown to students. When there are three schools with equal numbers of available seats, we analytically derive the probability difference between the Boston and DA mechanisms of obtaining the first, second, and third choices. Furthermore, we show that the Boston mechanism is ex-ante welfare superior to the DA mechanism under weak conditions on the distribution of valuations when each student's value for each school is independently drawn from an identical distribution
Tobb Etu at Checkthat! 2022: Detecting Attention-Worthy and Harmful Tweets and Check-Worthy Claims
No full text2022 Conference and Labs of the Evaluation Forum, CLEF 2022 -- 5 September 2022 through 8 September 2022 -- -- 181762In this paper, we present our participation in CLEF 2022 CheckThat! Lab’s Task 1 on detecting check-worthy and verifiable claims and attention-worthy and harmful tweets. We participated in all subtasks of Task1 for Arabic, Bulgarian, Dutch, English, and Turkish datasets. We investigate the impact of fine-tuning various transformer models and how to increase training data size using machine translation. We also use feed-forward networks with the Manifold Mixup regularization for the respective tasks. We are ranked first in detecting factual claims in Arabic and harmful tweets in Dutch. In addition, we are ranked second in detecting check-worthy claims in Arabic and Bulgarian. © 2022 Copyright for this paper by its authors
Association of Cholesterol 7 Alpha-Hydroxylase (cyp7a1) Promoter Polymorphism (rs3808607) and Cholesterol 24s-Hydroxylase (cyp46a1) Intron 2 Polymorphism (rs754203) With Serum Lipids, Vitamin D Levels, and Multiple Sclerosis Risk in the Turkish Population
No full textBackground Patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) have significantly lower vitamin D levels. Cholesterol is known to be the precursor for vitamin D synthesis, and cholesterol removal is regulated by cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) in the liver and cholesterol 24S-hydroxylase (CYP46A1) in the brain. In this study, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the genes CYP7A1 (rs3808607) and CYP46A1 (rs754203) were investigated for their effects on serum lipid profiles, vitamin D levels, and the risk of developing MS. Methods Patients with MS (n = 191) and controls (n = 100) were tested using the PCR-RFLP method to determine their genotypes for rs3808607 and rs754203 SNPs. Results The minor (C) allele frequency for CYP7A1 rs3808607 variation was 0.380 in patients with MS and 0.305 in control subjects (P = .074). For CYP46A1 rs754203, the frequencies of the minor (C) allele were 0.272 and 0.250 in patients and control subjects, respectively (P = .563). Serum vitamin D (25(OH)D3) concentrations were significantly lower in patients than in control subjects (P = .002). The CYP46A1 rs754203 SNP was associated with total cholesterol levels in patients, whereas the CYP7A1 rs3808607 variant was not associated with serum lipid parameters or vitamin D levels in patients or control subjects. Conclusion CYP7A1 rs3808607 and CYP46A1 rs754203 variations are not likely to confer an independent risk for MS development in the Turkish population. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate the association between CYP46A1 rs754203 and MS risk
An Improved Approximate Dynamic Programming Method for the Integrated Fleet Sizing and Replenishment Planning Problem With Predetermined Delivery Frequencies
No full text10th IFAC Conference on Manufacturing Modelling, Management and Control, MIM 2022 -- 22 June 2022 through 24 June 2022 -- 148818In this paper we propose an Improved Approximate Dynamic Programming approach for the integrated fleet sizing and replenishment planning problem utilizing fix and optimize heuristic. The problem is about deciding both the composition of a fleet for distributing a single item and the replenishment planning based on a predetermined delivery frequency. This problem integrates two important logistical issues namely fleet sizing and replenishment planning. The objective is minimizing all relevant costs composed of vehicle ownership, inventory, and approximate routing costs. We show the effectiveness of the proposed solution method on a set of fairly large size randomly generated problem instances. Copyright © 2022 The Authors. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/