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Korku Yaratmak: Korku Oyunlarinda Kullanilan Tasarim Unsurlari Üzerine Bir İnceleme
No full textTeknoloji, sorunlari pratik sekilde çözmek, mevcut çözümleri iyilestirmek, yeni ürünler veya süreçler yaratmak için bilimsel bilgi, araç ve tekniklerin uygulanmasini ifade etmektedir. Elektronik, yazilim, biyoteknoloji, savunma ve hatta eglence sektörü dahil olmak üzere çok alani kapsamaktadir. Teknolojinin eglence sektörüne en büyük katkilarindan biri video oyunlari olmustur. Kökleri sinema sektörüne kadar ulasan ve ondan beslenen video oyunlari, dünya çapinda her yastan milyonlarca insan tarafindan keyifle oynanmaktadir. Birçok video oyununun filmlere uyarlanmasi ve bunun tersinin gerçeklesmesiyle iki endüstri giderek iç içe geçmis durumdadir. Zaman içerisinde, video oyunlarinin etkilesimli deneyimi filmlerin sinematik hikâye anlatimiyla birlesmis, bu durum yeni eglence biçimlerinin yaratilmasina neden olmustur. Video oyunlari, bilgisayarda, konsollarda veya mobil cihazlarda oynanan ve oyuncunun etkilesim ve katilimini içeren elektronik oyunlardir. Video oyunlari, en eski örneklerinin 1950'lerde piyasaya sürülmesinden bu yana önemli ölçüde gelismis ve kisa sürede son derece popüler bir eglence biçimi haline gelmistir. Aksiyon, macera, rol yapma, simülasyon, spor ve bulmaca oyunlari dahil olmak üzere çesitli türlerde video oyunu bulunmaktadir. Bu türlerin en popülerlerinden biri ise korku oyunlaridir. Teknolojinin gelismesiyle, oyunlarda yüksek grafikler, animasyonlar ve görsel efektler kullanilmaya baslanmis, genel anlamda görsel tasarima katki saglamada çok önemli bir rol oynamistir. Görsel tasarim ise oyunlarin vazgeçilmez bir parçasi haline gelmistir. Her ne kadar tüm oyun türlerinde etkili olsa da görsel tasarimin etkisinin ve katkisinin en çok hissedildigi oyunlar korku oyunlaridir. Karanlik, atmosferik ortamlar, tüyler ürpertici ve rahatsiz edici görüntüler, aydinlatma ve gölgelerin etkili kullanimi, korku oyunlarinda gergin ve öngörülemez bir atmosfer yaratmak için yaygin olarak kullanilir. Ürkütücü ses efektleri ve unutulmaz müzikler, korku ve gerilim duygusunu daha da artirabileceginden, ses tasarimi da korku oyunlarinda tasarimin önemli bir parçasidir. Genel olarak, görsel tasarim, korku oyunlarinda çok önemli bir unsurdur ve oyuncularin oynamayi bitirdikten sonra bile uzun süre hafizalarinda kalabilecekleri tüyler ürpertici ve sürükleyici bir deneyim yaratmaya yardimci olmaktadir. Video oyunlarinda tasarim unsurlarinin; yeri ve oyunlar için öneminin, istenilen etkiyi yaratmak için bu unsurlara güvenen korku oyunlari üzerinde incelenerek kanitlanmasi çalismanin odak noktasi olmustur. Bu baglamda çalismanin birinci bölümünde oyun sektöründeki rekabet ve rekabete etkisi konusunda tasarim unsurlarinin etkisi arastirilmistir. Çalismanin önemi vurgulanmis ve alt amaçlar belirlenmistir. Ikinci bölümde ise video oyunlarinin temelini olusturan sinema ve video teknolojisinin, ortaya çikisindan günümüze kadar süren tarihsel süreci hakkinda literatür taramasi yapilmis, bu üç sektör arasindaki iliski incelenmistir. Üçüncü bölümde, çikan ilk basit video oyunlarindan günümüzdeki hiper gerçekçi oyunlara kadarki gelisim süreci ve korku oyunlarinin tarihi incelenmis, oyuncularin bu oyunlari oynama nedenleri arastirilmistir. Dördüncü bölümde video oyunu gelistirme asamalari ve tasarim unsurlari arastirilmis, besinci bölümde ise bu unsurlar korku oyunlari açisindan incelenmistir. Altinci bölümde çalisma boyunca bahsedilen tasarim unsurlari seçilen iki korku oyunu üzerinde incelenmis, oyunlara katkisi ve oyunlar için önemi ortaya konulmustur. Oyuncularin düsünce ve görüslerini almak için bir anket çalismasi yapilmis, ankete 128 kisinin katilimi saglanmistir. Katilimcilara 21 soru yöneltilmis, anket sonuçlari ve degerlendirmesine yedinci bölümde yer verilmistir. Son bölümde ise çalisma, elde edilen bilgilerden ve anket sonuçlarindan çikarimlar yapilarak sonlandirilmistir. Çalisma, korku oyunlarinda atmosfer (ses, isik, mekân), karakter tasarimi, ara sahneler ve renk kullaniminin; korku duygusunu yaratmadaki büyük etkisini ortaya koymaktadir. Bu çalismayla birlikte oyun sektöründeki gelistiriciler ve tasarimcilara tasarim unsurlarinin önemini kanitlamak ve ileride çikaracaklari oyunlar için onlara katki saglamak amaçlanmistir.Technology refers to the application of scientific knowledge, tools and techniques to solve problems in a practical way, improve existing solutions, and create new products or processes. It covers a wide range of fields, including electronics, software, biotechnology, defense and even the entertainment industry. One of the biggest contributions of technology to the entertainment industry has been video games. Video games, which have their roots in the cinema industry and are fed by it, are enjoyed by millions of people of all ages around the world. The two industries are increasingly intertwined, with many video games being made into movies and vice versa. Over time, the interactive experience of video games combined with the cinematic storytelling of movies, resulting in the creation of new forms of entertainment. Video games are electronic games played on a computer, console or mobile device that involve player interaction and participation. Video games have evolved significantly since their earliest examples were introduced in the 1950s and have quickly become an immensely popular form of entertainment. There are several genres of video games, including action, adventure, role-playing, simulation, sports, and puzzle games. One of the most popular of these genres is horror games. With the development of technology, quality graphics, animations and visual effects have started to be used in games, and it has played a very important role in contributing to the visual design in general. Visual design has become an indispensable part of games. Although it is effective in all game genres, the games in which the effect and contribution of visual design are felt the most are horror games. Dark, atmospheric environments, creepy and disturbing images, effective use of lighting and shadows are commonly used in horror games to create a tense and unpredictable atmosphere. Sound design is also an important part of design in horror games, as spooky sound effects and haunting soundtracks can further enhance the sense of fear and tension. Overall, visual design is a very important element in horror games and helps to create a chilling and immersive experience that players can remember for a long time even after they have finished playing. The focus of the study has been to prove the place of design elements in video games and their importance for games by examining horror games that rely on these elements to create the desired effect. In this context, in the first part of the study, the effect of design elements on competition in the gaming industry was investigated. The importance of the study was emphasized and sub-objectives were determined. In the second part, a literature review was made about the historical process of cinema and video technology, which forms the basis of video games, from its emergence to the present and the relationship between these three sectors was examined. In the third chapter, the development process from the first simple video games to today's hyper-realistic games and the history of horror games were examined, and the reasons for playing these games were investigated. In the fourth section, video game development stages and design elements were investigated and in the fifth section, these elements were examined in terms of horror games. In the sixth chapter, the design elements mentioned throughout the study were examined on two selected horror games. Their contribution to the games and their importance for the games were revealed. A survey was conducted to get the thoughts and opinions of the players and 128 people participated in the survey. 21 questions were asked to the participants, the results of the survey and its evaluation are included in the seventh section. In the last part, the study was concluded by making inferences from the information obtained and the results of the survey. The study includes atmosphere (sound, light, environment), character design, cutscenes and color usage in horror games; reveals its great effect in creating the feeling of fear. With this study, it is aimed to prove the importance of design elements to developers and designers in the game industry and to contribute to their games
Sürdürülebilirbir Yapı Malzemesi Bloğu: Biyoplastikten, Biyolojik Olarak Bozunabilir, Modüler, Kenet Sistemli Bir Öneri
No full textAfter the study of the materials widely used in the construction industry and the development of sustainability, the examination of existing materials in terms of sustainability revealed the necessity of a sustainable alternative. In this context, it is aimed to present an alternative lightweight masonry unit that aims to make a significant contribution to waste reduction and energy efficiency in the construction field, that is recyclable and completely biodegradable, offering a completely innovative design and a new material. The raw materials of both aerated concrete and tuff-based construction blocks are cement-based and not suitable for recycling. The debris accumulated after the demolition of the structures built with these lightweight masonry blocks is transported to places away from the habited areas and stored there. This situation creates significant environmental health problems in the long run. Since the cement is used as an additive in such wastes and the materials are not suitable for recycling, their dissolution time in the environment is quite long. Similar to demolition processes, the production processes of existing aerated concrete and standard lightweight masonry units do not have an environmentally friendly and/or positive aspect in terms of waste reduction and sustainability. The alternative lightweight masonry unit, in other terms 'construction block', is the subject of this interdisciplinary study, and provides significant contributions to the environment in terms of both production and post-dissolution processes, waste reduction, and sustainability. When aerated concrete and tuff-based construction blocks are examined, it is known that these products produce some harmful substances such as aluminum, silicate, and radon gas. This situation carries significant risks for both human health and the environment. Within the scope of this study, the alternative construction block developed as a solution to these problems is obtained from bioplastic raw materials that are completely biodegradable. Bioplastics are completely environment-friendly and sustainable raw materials that are produced because of the recycling of starch and cellulose-based wastes. Another important feature of the developed construction block is its original design. The developed block is not monolithic like aerated concrete and other construction blocks. It has a completely modular and self-interlocking, clamping system and a design that allows horizontal and vertical installation transitions. The developed construction block provides significant advantages in terms of transportation and storage space, as it is lighter than the existing ones and occupies less space as it consists of six separate modular parts. The modular individual parts can be stacked and therefore create small volumes, thus significantly reducing transportation and storage costs compared to others. Compared to the construction blocks in current use which occupy the same volume logistically, an average of 4 times more area can be built with the developed alternative product, and while a standard construction block of the same dimensions is approximately 8 kg and an aerated concrete is about 5 kg, the proposed bioplastic alternative construction block is about 3 kg. During the product development process, simulations were carried out with dead loads, live loads, and earthquake loads on it, using the NX software, which offers simulation opportunities. In addition, lignocellulosic materials and graphene oxide are used as strength-increasing additives to find the right additives and the best combination to provide sustainability and the strongest and lightest biodegradable prototype. The experiments carried out with the construction offer advantages in many ways compared to the existing alternatives widely used in the construction industry and developed as eco-friendly, proving that it provides the same average strength values as the widely used current blocks.İnşaat sektöründe yaygın olarak kullanılan malzemeler ve sürdürülebilirliğin gelişimi üzerine yapılan araştırma sonrasında, mevcut malzemelerin sürdürülebilirlik açısından incelenmesi, sürdürülebilir bir alternatifin gerekliliğini ortaya koymuştur. Bu kapsamda, yapı blokları alanında atık azaltma ve enerji verimliliği konularına önemli bir katkı sağlamayı hedefleyen, geri dönüşümlü ve doğada tamamen çözünebilen, tamamen yenilikçi tasarım ve malzeme önerisi sunan bir alternatif yapı bloğu ortaya koymak hedeflenmiştir. Hem gazbeton hem de tüf bazlı yapı malzemesi bloklarının hammaddeleri çimento bazlı olup geri dönüşüme uygun değildir. Bu bloklarla inşa edilen yapıların yıkımından sonra oluşan enkazlar uzak yerlere taşınarak buralarda depolanmaktadır. Bu durum, uzun vadede çevre sağlığı için önemli sorunlar yaratmaktadır. Bu tür atıklarda katkı maddesi olarak çimento kullanılması ve malzemelerin geri dönüşüme uygun olmaması nedeniyle çevrede çözünme süreleri gibi oldukça uzundur. Yıkım süreçlerine benzer şekilde, mevcut gazbeton ve standart yapı bloklarının üretim süreçlerinin de atık azaltımı ve sürdürülebilirlik konularında çevreye duyarlı ve/veya olumlu yönü bulunmamaktadır. Bu disiplinlerarası çalışmaya konu olan alternatif yapı malzemesi bloğunun hem üretim hem de yıkım sonrası süreci, atık azaltımı ve sürdürülebilirlik konularında çevreye önemli katkılar sunmaktadır. Gazbeton ve tüf bazlı yapı malzemesi blokları incelendiğinde, bu ürünlerin alüminyum, silikat ve radon gazı gibi bazı zararlı maddeler ortaya çıkardıkları bilinmektedir. Bu durum, gerek insan sağlığı, gerekse de çevre için önemli riskler taşımaktadır. Yapılan çalışma kapsamında, bu sorunlara çözüm niteliğinde geliştirilen alternatif yapı bloğu tamamen doğada çözünebilen biyoplastik hammaddeden elde edilmektedir. Biyoplastikler özellikle nişasta ve selüloz bazlı atıkların geri dönüştürülerek kullanılması sonucunda ortaya çıkan tamamen çevreci ve sürdürülebilir hammaddelerdir. Geliştirilen yapı bloğunun bir diğer önemli özelliği özgün tasarımıdır. Geliştirilen blok, gazbeton ve diğer yapı malzeme blokları gibi yekpare değildir. Tamamen modüler ve kendi içinde birbirine geçmeli, kenet sistemli ve içinde yatay ve düşey tesisat geçişine olanak tanıyan bir tasarıma sahiptir. Geliştirilen yapı malzeme bloğu, mevcut alternatiflerinden daha hafif olması ve modüler altı ayrı parçadan oluşması nedeniyle az yer kapladığı için taşıma ve depolama alanı açısından önemli avantajlar sağlamaktadır. Modüler ayrı parçalar üst üste paketlenebilmekte ve bu nedenle küçük hacimler oluşturmakta, dolayısıyla nakliye ve depolama maliyetlerini diğerleriyle kıyaslandığında önemli ölçüde düşürmektedir. Lojistik olarak aynı hacim kaplayan genel kullanımdaki yapı malzemesi bloklarına göre, geliştirilen alternatif ürünle ortalama 4 kat daha fazla alan inşa edilebilmektedir ve aynı ölçülerdeki bir standart yapı malzemesi bloğu ortalama 8 kg ve bir gazbeton yaklaşık 5 kg iken, önerilen biyoplastik alternatif yapı bloğu yaklaşık 3 kg'dır. Ürün geliştirme sürecinde, simülasyon imkânı sunan NX yazılımı kullanılarak, üzerine binen sabit ve hareketli yükler ile simülasyonlar yapılmıştır. Ayrıca, sürdürülebilirlik ve biyolojik olarak doğada çözünebilir en güçlü ve en hafif prototipi sağlayacak en doğru katkı malzemeleri ile en iyi bileşimi bulmak amacıyla, mukavemet artırıcı katkı maddesi olarak lignoselülozik maddeler ve grafenoxide kullanılmaktadır. Yapı inşaat sektöründe yaygın olarak kullanılan mevcut alternatiflerine kıyasla pek çok yönden avantajlar sunan ve çevre dostu olarak geliştirilen yapı malzemesi bloğu ile gerçekleştirilen deneyler, diğer bloklarla ortalama aynı mukavemet değerlerini sağladığını kanıtlamaktadır
Evidence for the Charge Asymmetry in (formula Presented.) Production at √s = 13 Tev With the Atlas Detector
No full textInclusive and differential measurements of the top–antitop (Formula presented.) charge asymmetry (Formula presented.) and the leptonic asymmetry (Formula presented.) are presented in proton–proton collisions at s = 13 TeV recorded by the ATLAS experiment at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. The measurement uses the complete Run 2 dataset, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb−1, combines data in the single-lepton and dilepton channels, and employs reconstruction techniques adapted to both the resolved and boosted topologies. A Bayesian unfolding procedure is performed to correct for detector resolution and acceptance effects. The combined inclusive (Formula presented.) charge asymmetry is measured to be (Formula presented.), which differs from zero by 4.7 standard deviations. Differential measurements are performed as a function of the invariant mass, transverse momentum and longitudinal boost of the (Formula presented.) system. Both the inclusive and differential measurements are found to be compatible with the Standard Model predictions, at next-to-next-to-leading order in quantum chromodynamics perturbation theory with next-to-leading-order electroweak corrections. The measurements are interpreted in the framework of the Standard Model effective field theory, placing competitive bounds on several Wilson coefficients. [Figure not available: see fulltext.]. © 2023, The Author(s).IN2P3-CNRS; 2014-2021; SCI/013; U.S. Department of Energy, USDOE; Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung, AvH; CRC Health Group, CRC: 21/SCI/017; Canarie; H2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions, MSCA; Multiple Sclerosis Scientific Research Foundation, MSSRF; CERN; Compute Canada; Göran Gustafssons Stiftelser; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, NSERC; National Research Council Canada, NRC; Canada Foundation for Innovation, CFI; Science and Technology Facilities Council, STFC; Leverhulme Trust; European Research Council, ERC; European Cooperation in Science and Technology, COST; Australian Research Council, ARC; National Stroke Foundation, NSF; Neurosurgical Research Foundation, NRF; Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft, HGF; Minerva Foundation; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, DFG; Agence Nationale de la Recherche, ANR; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, KAKEN; Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, MEXT; Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung, SNF; Danmarks Grundforskningsfond, DNRF; Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo, FAPESP; National Natural Science Foundation of China, NSFC; Ministerstvo Školství, Mládeže a Tělovýchovy, MŠMT; Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, FCT; Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung, BMBF; Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS; Austrian Science Fund, FWF; Generalitat de Catalunya; Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China, MOST; Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica, ANPCyT; Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek, NWO; Bundesministerium für Wissenschaft, Forschung und Wirtschaft, BMWFW; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, CNPq; Nella and Leon Benoziyo Center for Neurological Diseases, Weizmann Institute of Science; Israel Science Foundation, ISF; Instituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, INFN; Narodowe Centrum Nauki, NCN; Javna Agencija za Raziskovalno Dejavnost RS, ARRS; Ministarstvo Prosvete, Nauke i Tehnološkog Razvoja, MPNTR; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, MICINN; Centre National pour la Recherche Scientifique et Technique, CNRST; Staatssekretariat für Bildung, Forschung und Innovation, SBFI; Horizon 2020; British Columbia Knowledge Development Fund, BCKDF; European Regional Development Fund, ERDF; Defence Science Institute, DSI; Narodowa Agencja Wymiany Akademickiej, NAWA; Institutul de Fizică Atomică, IFA; Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo, ANID; Royal Society of South Australia, RSSA; Irish Rugby Football Union, IRFUWe acknowledge the support of ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWFW and FWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; CNPq and FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, NRC and CFI, Canada; CERN; ANID, Chile; CAS, MOST and NSFC, China; Minciencias, Colombia; MEYS CR, Czech Republic; DNRF and DNSRC, Denmark; IN2P3-CNRS and CEA-DRF/IRFU, France; SRNSFG, Georgia; BMBF, HGF and MPG, Germany; GSRI, Greece; RGC and Hong Kong SAR, China; ISF and Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT and JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; NWO, Netherlands; RCN, Norway; MEiN, Poland; FCT, Portugal; MNE/IFA, Romania; MESTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS and MIZŠ, Slovenia; DSI/NRF, South Africa; MICINN, Spain; SRC and Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SERI, SNSF and Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; MOST, Taiwan; TENMAK, Türkiye; STFC, United Kingdom; DOE and NSF, United States of America. In addition, individual groups and members have received support from BCKDF, CANARIE, Compute Canada and CRC, Canada; PRIMUS 21/SCI/017 and UNCE SCI/013, Czech Republic; COST, ERC, ERDF, Horizon 2020 and Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions, European Union; Investissements d’Avenir Labex, Investissements d’Avenir Idex and ANR, France; DFG and AvH Foundation, Germany; Herakleitos, Thales and Aristeia programmes co-financed by EU-ESF and the Greek NSRF, Greece; BSF-NSF and MINERVA, Israel; Norwegian Financial Mechanism 2014-2021, Norway; NCN and NAWA, Poland; La Caixa Banking Foundation, CERCA Programme Generalitat de Catalunya and PROMETEO and GenT Programmes Generalitat Valenciana, Spain; Göran Gustafssons Stiftelse, Sweden; The Royal Society and Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom
Search for Boosted Diphoton Resonances in the 10 To 70 Gev Mass Range Using 138 Fb−1 of 13 Tev Pp Collisions With the Atlas Detector
No full textA search for diphoton resonances in the mass range between 10 and 70 GeV with the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is presented. The analysis is based on pp collision data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb−1 at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV recorded from 2015 to 2018. Previous searches for diphoton resonances at the LHC have explored masses down to 65 GeV, finding no evidence of new particles. This search exploits the particular kinematics of events with pairs of closely spaced photons reconstructed in the detector, allowing examination of invariant masses down to 10 GeV. The presented strategy covers a region previously unexplored at hadron colliders because of the experimental challenges of recording low-energy photons and estimating the backgrounds. No significant excess is observed and the reported limits provide the strongest bound on promptly decaying axion-like particles coupling to gluons and photons for masses between 10 and 70 GeV. [Figure not available: see fulltext.] © 2023, The Author(s).IN2P3-CNRS; 2014-2021; SCI/013; National Science Foundation, NSF; U.S. Department of Energy, USDOE; Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung, AvH; CRC Health Group, CRC: 21/SCI/017; Canarie; H2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions, MSCA; Multiple Sclerosis Scientific Research Foundation, MSSRF; CERN; Compute Canada; Göran Gustafssons Stiftelser; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, NSERC; National Research Council Canada, NRC; Canada Foundation for Innovation, CFI; Science and Technology Facilities Council, STFC; Leverhulme Trust; European Research Council, ERC; European Cooperation in Science and Technology, COST; Australian Research Council, ARC; National Stroke Foundation, NSF; Neurosurgical Research Foundation, NRF; Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft, HGF; Minerva Foundation; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, DFG; Agence Nationale de la Recherche, ANR; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, KAKEN; Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, MEXT; Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung, SNF; Danmarks Grundforskningsfond, DNRF; Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo, FAPESP; National Natural Science Foundation of China, NSFC; Ministerstvo Školství, Mládeže a Tělovýchovy, MŠMT; Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, FCT; Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung, BMBF; Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS; Austrian Science Fund, FWF; Generalitat de Catalunya; Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China, MOST; Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica, ANPCyT; Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek, NWO; Bundesministerium für Wissenschaft, Forschung und Wirtschaft, BMWFW; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, CNPq; Nella and Leon Benoziyo Center for Neurological Diseases, Weizmann Institute of Science; Israel Science Foundation, ISF; Instituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, INFN; Narodowe Centrum Nauki, NCN; Javna Agencija za Raziskovalno Dejavnost RS, ARRS; Ministarstvo Prosvete, Nauke i Tehnološkog Razvoja, MPNTR; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, MICINN; Centre National pour la Recherche Scientifique et Technique, CNRST; Staatssekretariat für Bildung, Forschung und Innovation, SBFI; Horizon 2020; British Columbia Knowledge Development Fund, BCKDF; European Regional Development Fund, ERDF; Defence Science Institute, DSI; Narodowa Agencja Wymiany Akademickiej, NAWA; Institutul de Fizică Atomică, IFA; Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo, ANID; Royal Society of South Australia, RSSA; Irish Rugby Football Union, IRFUWe acknowledge the support of ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWFW and FWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; CNPq and FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, NRC and CFI, Canada; CERN; ANID, Chile; CAS, MOST and NSFC, China; Minciencias, Colombia; MEYS CR, Czech Republic; DNRF and DNSRC, Denmark; IN2P3-CNRS and CEA-DRF/IRFU, France; SRNSFG, Georgia; BMBF, HGF and MPG, Germany; GSRI, Greece; RGC and Hong Kong SAR, China; ISF and Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT and JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; NWO, Netherlands; RCN, Norway; MEiN, Poland; FCT, Portugal; MNE/IFA, Romania; MESTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS and MIZŠ, Slovenia; DSI/NRF, South Africa; MICINN, Spain; SRC and Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SERI, SNSF and Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; MOST, Taiwan; TENMAK, Türkiye; STFC, United Kingdom; DOE and NSF, United States of America. In addition, individual groups and members have received support from BCKDF, CANARIE, Compute Canada and CRC, Canada; PRIMUS 21/SCI/017 and UNCE SCI/013, Czech Republic; COST, ERC, ERDF, Horizon 2020 and Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions, European Union; Investissements d’Avenir Labex, Investissements d’Avenir Idex and ANR, France; DFG and AvH Foundation, Germany; Herakleitos, Thales and Aristeia programmes co-financed by EU-ESF and the Greek NSRF, Greece; BSF-NSF and MINERVA, Israel; Norwegian Financial Mechanism 2014-2021, Norway; NCN and NAWA, Poland; La Caixa Banking Foundation, CERCA Programme Generalitat de Catalunya and PROMETEO and GenT Programmes Generalitat Valenciana, Spain; Göran Gustafssons Stiftelse, Sweden; The Royal Society and Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom
Elektromanyetik Kalkanlama Uygulamalarına Yönelik Epoksi Matrisli Nanokompozitlerin Geliştirilmesi ve Karakterizasyonu
No full textDuring and after the Second World War, the developing technology, the use of electronic devices, increasing radio wave broadcasts, transistors, systems and equipment such as microprocessors had expanded the frequency spectrum; and unexpected problems has started to occur in the operation of the devices. It was predicted that these problems were caused by the interference of electromagnetic fields that are intentionally and unintentionally emitted from devices and systems. Upon these, the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) assigned the International Radio Interference Special Committee (CISPR) to work on the Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) problem. With the establishment of the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) in 1979, the definition of Electromagnetic Interference and the standards and regulations on the subject began to be formed, and the determination of Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) criteria accelerated. Nowadays, EMI/EMC issue which is also studied by organizations such as ICNIRP, ANSI, IEEE, ASTM and WHO is important both for the successful operation of the devices and equipment during their service period and for the protection of the health of human and other biological species. Therefore, it is controlled via International Standardizations and regulations. In our country, the relevant regulations and limit values are followed by the Bilgi Teknolojileri ve İletişim Kurumu (BTİK) and the National Monitoring System (MMS). According to the definition of BTİK, the term EMI refers to any broadcast or electromagnetic effect that hinders any system/device activity, interrupts communication or impairs its quality. EMC tests and the issues such as determining whether the device does not cause any interference in the environment as a result of tests, and the presence of CE certificate are essential for devices, equipment and systems, especially telecommunication products. Electromagnetic Interference Shielding has vital importance in the Aerospace and Defense Industry. It is very critical to protect products containing electronic components, circuits, especially precision guidance systems, sensors and actuators against intentional electromagnetic interactions caused by natural, artificial, indirect or international factors. In this context, developing composite materials, additives and processes that have high EMI Shielding Efficiency (EMI SE) is one of the main goals in the material technologies field. In this thesis, the Development and Characterization of Epoxy Matrix Nanocomposites for Electromagnetic Shielding Applications has been studied. When it comes to materials and method, Graphene encapsulated Nickel (GNi) particles were synthesized by the Rotating Plasma-Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition (RPECVD) method. After the characterization processes of the particles, the obtained GNi structures were integrated into the epoxy matrices. The nanocomposite structure was obtained and the test coupons were produced. The Shielding Efficiency (SE) of test coupons prepared in different filling percentages was measured. Due to graphene encapsulation, the shielding efficiency of nickel powders improved at the same percentages. SE measurements were conducted in accordance with the ASTM D4935 Electromagnetic Shielding Efficiency test method of Planar Materials for the frequency range 1.5 Ghz-10 GHz. GNi powders have been shown to have potential for use in EMI Shielding applications in epoxy matrix nanocomposite materials for Defense Industry applications. This thesis study were supported by the 118F491 coded project and 118F492 coded subproject within the scope of TUBITAK 1003 program.İkinci Dünya Savaşı süreci ve sonrasında gelişen teknoloji, elektronik cihazların kullanımı, artan radyo dalga yayınları, transistörler, mikroişlemci gibi sistem ve ekipmanlar frekans spektrumunu genişletmiş ve cihazların çalışmalarında beklenmedik problemler ortaya çıkmaya başlamıştır. Bu problemlerin istemli ve istem dışı olarak cihaz ve sistemlerden yayılan elektromanyetik alanların girişiminden kaynaklandığı öngörülmüştür. Bunlar üzerine Uluslararası Elektroteknik Komisyonu (IEC), Elektromanyetik Girişim (EMG) problemi üzerinde çalışması için Uluslararası Radyo Girişimi Özel Komitesini (CISPR) görevlendirmiştir. 1979'da Federal İletişim Kurulu'nun (FCC) kurulmasıyla, Elektromanyetik Girişimin tanımlanması ve konu ile ilgili standartlar, regülasyonlar oluşmaya başlamış, Elektromanyetik Uyumluluk (EMU) ölçütlerinin belirlenmesi hızlanmıştır. Günümüzde ICNIRP, ANSI, IEEE, ASTM ve WHO gibi kuruluşların da üzerinde çalışmakta olduğu EMG Kalkanlama/EMU konusu hem cihaz ve ekipmanların servis süresi boyunca operasyonlarını başarılı bir şekilde yürütmesi açısından hem de insan ve diğer biyolojik türlerin sağlığının korunması açısından önem arz etmektedir. Bu sebeple, uluslararası standardizasyonlar ve yönetmeliklerle kontrol edilmektedir. Ülkemizde konu ile ilgili düzenlemeleri ve sınır değerleri Bilgi Teknolojileri ve İletişim Kurumu (BTİK) yönetmeliklerle ve Milli Monitör Sistemi (MMS) ile takip etmektedir. BTİK tanımına göre EMG terimi her türlü sistem/cihaz faaliyetini engelleyen, haberleşmede kesinti doğuran veya kalitesini bozan her türlü yayın veya elektromanyetik etkiyi ifade eder. EMU testleri ve testler sonucu cihazın ortamda herhangi bir girişime sebep olmaması konusunun belirlenmesi, CE sertifikasının bulunması gibi hususlar telekomünikasyon ürünleri başta olmak üzere cihaz, ekipmanlar ve sistemler için elzemdir. Havacılık, Uzay ve Savunma Sanayiinde ise Elektromanyetik Girişimi Kalkanlama hususu hayati önemdedir. Elektronik bileşenleri içeren ürünlerin, devrelerin, özellikle hassas güdüm sistemlerinin, algılayıcı ve eyleyicilerini doğal, yapay, dolaylı ya da uluslararası unsurlardan kaynaklanan kasti elektromanyetik etkileşimlere karşı korumak oldukça kritiktir. Bu kapsamda EMG Kalkanlama Etkinliği (EMG KE) yüksek kompozit malzemeler, katkı malzemeleri ve prosesler geliştirmek malzeme teknolojileri alanında temel hedeflerdendir. Bu tez çalışmasında Elektromanyetik Kalkanlama Uygulamalarına Yönelik Epoksi Matrisli Nanokompozitlerin Geliştirilmesi ve Karakterizasyonu üzerinde çalışılmıştır. Materyal ve yönteme gelince, Grafen kapsüllü Nikel (GNi) parçacıklar Plazma Destekli Döner Aksamlı Kimyasal Buhar Çöktürme (PDDAKBÇ) yöntemi ile sentezlenmiştir. Parçacıkların karakterizasyon süreçlerinden sonra, elde edilen GNi yapılar epoksi matrise katkılanmıştır. Nanokompozit yapı elde edilmiş ve test kuponları imal edilmiştir. Farklı katkılama yüzdelerinde hazırlanan test kuponlarının Kalkanlama Etkinlikleri (KE) ölçülmüştür. Grafen kapsülasyonu sayesinde nikel tozların kalkanlama etkinliği aynı katkılama yüzdelerinde iyileşmiştir. KE ölçümleri 1,5 Ghz-10 GHz frekans aralığı için ASTM D4935 Düzlemsel Malzemelerin Elektromanyetik Ekranlama Etkinliği test yöntemi ile yapılmıştır. GNi tozların Savunma Sanayi uygulamaları için epoksi matrisli nanokompozit malzemelerde EMG Kalkanlama uygulamalarında kullanım potansiyeline sahip olduğu gösterilmiştir. Bu tez çalışması TÜBİTAK 1003 programı kapsamında 118F491 kodlu proje ve 118F492 kodlu alt proje ile desteklenmiştir
Adapting New Technological Approaches to Sustainable Art Education using Blockchain and NFT
No full textInSEA World Congress 2023Blockchain is claimed to accomplish for transactions what the Internet did for information. Blockchain is a decentralized, shared, unchangeable, distributed database that comprises blocks that are securely linked together and contain the encrypted function of preceding blocks. Although it originally gained popularity with the Bitcoin cryptocurrency, it has now extended to many other sectors of life. NFTs (Non-Fungible Tokens) are digitally unique, unalterable, and unrepeatable items that are encrypted and recorded in the Blockchain. Several educational institutions are already utilizing Blockchain for the creation, verification, and storage of e-transcripts, certificates, and digital degrees. Blockchain allows individuals to store and share their academic documents in a secure, unchangeable, and transparent way. However, due to its lack of use in the f ield of education, Blockchain and NFT technologies are recommended for use in the teaching of the arts. Art studio courses are one of the most uneven and challenging aspects of art education. Students and teachers must communicate effectively for the art process to be successful. Therefore, course outputs and recorded meetings between students and instructors may be uploaded to Blockchain as NFT’s. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of various Blockchain technologies' characteristics on the creative art process. The second goal is to provide students with Blockchain and NFT knowledge and abilities. It is suggested that using new technologies such as Blockchain and NFT’s to promote variety in curriculum and educational methods, as well as to make the art education process equal for all students
Search for Heavy Neutral Leptons in Decays of W Bosons Using a Dilepton Displaced Vertex in Formula Presented Collisions With the Atlas Detector [2]
No full textA search for a long-lived, heavy neutral lepton ( N ) in 139 fb - 1 of s = 13 TeV p p collision data collected by the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider is reported. The N is produced via W → N μ or W → N e and decays into two charged leptons and a neutrino, forming a displaced vertex. The N mass is used to discriminate between signal and background. No signal is observed, and limits are set on the squared mixing parameters of the N with the left-handed neutrino states for the N mass range 3 GeV m N 15 GeV . For the first time, limits are given for both single-flavor and multiflavor mixing scenarios motivated by neutrino flavor oscillation results for both the normal and inverted neutrino-mass hierarchies. © 2023 CERN, for the ATLAS Collaboration.IN2P3-CNRS; CC-IN2P3; 2014-2021; SCI/013; U.S. Department of Energy, USDOE; Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung, AvH; Alabama Space Grant Consortium, ASGC; Brookhaven National Laboratory, BNL; CRC Health Group, CRC: 21/SCI/017; Canarie; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, KIT; H2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions, MSCA; Multiple Sclerosis Scientific Research Foundation, MSSRF; CERN; Compute Canada; Göran Gustafssons Stiftelser; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, NSERC; National Research Council Canada, NRC; Canada Foundation for Innovation, CFI; Science and Technology Facilities Council, STFC; Leverhulme Trust; European Research Council, ERC; European Cooperation in Science and Technology, COST; Australian Research Council, ARC; National Stroke Foundation, NSF; Neurosurgical Research Foundation, NRF; Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft, HGF; Minerva Foundation; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, DFG; Agence Nationale de la Recherche, ANR; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, KAKEN; Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, MEXT; Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung, SNF; Danmarks Grundforskningsfond, DNRF; Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo, FAPESP; National Natural Science Foundation of China, NSFC; Ministerstvo Školství, Mládeže a Tělovýchovy, MŠMT; Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, FCT; Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung, BMBF; Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS; Austrian Science Fund, FWF; Generalitat de Catalunya; Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China, MOST; Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica, ANPCyT; Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek, NWO; Bundesministerium für Wissenschaft, Forschung und Wirtschaft, BMWFW; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, CNPq; Nella and Leon Benoziyo Center for Neurological Diseases, Weizmann Institute of Science; Israel Science Foundation, ISF; Instituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, INFN; Narodowe Centrum Nauki, NCN; Javna Agencija za Raziskovalno Dejavnost RS, ARRS; Ministarstvo Prosvete, Nauke i Tehnološkog Razvoja, MPNTR; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, MICINN; Centre National pour la Recherche Scientifique et Technique, CNRST; Staatssekretariat für Bildung, Forschung und Innovation, SBFI; Horizon 2020; British Columbia Knowledge Development Fund, BCKDF; European Regional Development Fund, ERDF; Defence Science Institute, DSI; Narodowa Agencja Wymiany Akademickiej, NAWA; Institutul de Fizică Atomică, IFA; Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo, ANID; Royal Society of South Australia, RSSA; Irish Rugby Football Union, IRF
Kıymetli Evrak Hukuku: Genel Esaslar, Kambiyo Senetleri
No full textGüncellenmiş 7. bası[No Abstract Available
Event-Based Digital-Twin Model for Emergency Management
No full textCritical infrastructures are required to be monitored and eventually rescued, for example, due to natural and/or man-made disasters. These control activities are among the fundamental tasks of emergency management systems. We consider distributed digital-twin-based control architectural styles as natural candidates for structuring emergency management systems. Due to their physically distributed nature, critical infrastructures and the associated emergency management systems are inevitably linked with Geographic Information Systems (GIS). Emergency management activities, however, require domain-specific GIS data models and event-based platforms to support digital-twin-based control. Unfortunately, current GIS systems are not expressive enough to fulfill these requirements. Moreover, due to the distributed and heterogeneous nature of such digital-twin-based architectures and the lack of standards, preserving the consistency of data can be difficult. To overcome the expressivity problem of the current GIS systems, this chapter extends the GIS system CityGML with a set of new abstractions. Data inconsistency problem is addressed by a novel architecture, which includes an atomic publisher-subscriber protocol and an event-based layer on the top of a GIS database. The architecture is simulated and verified by a model-checker. © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved