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Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Scabies
No full textScabies, caused by the Sarcoptes scabiei var hominis mite burrowing into the skin, is a highly contagious disease characterized by intense nocturnal itching. Its global impact is considerable, affecting more than 200 million individuals annually and posing significant challenges to healthcare systems worldwide. Transmission occurs primarily through direct skin-to-skin contact, contributing to its widespread prevalence and emergence as a substantial public health concern affecting large populations. This review presents consensus-based clinical practice guidelines for diagnosing and managing scabies, developed through the fuzzy Delphi method by dermatology, parasitology, pediatrics, pharmacology, and public health experts. The presence of burrows containing adult female mites, their eggs, and excreta is the diagnostic hallmark of scabies. Definitive diagnosis typically involves direct microscopic examination of skin scrapings obtained from these burrows, although dermoscopy has become a diagnostic tool in clinical practice. Treatment modalities encompass topical agents, such as permethrin, balsam of Peru, precipitated sulfur, and benzyl benzoate. In cases where topical therapy proves inadequate or in instances of crusted scabies, oral ivermectin is recommended as a systemic treatment option. This comprehensive approach addresses the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges associated with scabies, optimizing patient care, and management outcomes
Metal To Semiconductor Switching in the Agte Monolayer Via Decoration With Alkali Metal and Alkaline Earth Metal Atoms: a First-Principles Perspective
No full textIn this work, employing first-principles calculations, we systematically investigate the atomic structure and electronic and optical properties of the AgTe monolayer, as well as the impact of alkali metal (Li, Na, K) and alkaline earth metal (Be, Mg, Ca) atoms decoration. The AgTe monolayer exhibits metallic characteristics. When Li, Na, K, and Mg atoms are decorated on the AgTe monolayer, the decorated AgTe monolayers are dynamically stable. In contrast, with Be and Ca atoms, the decorated structures are found to be dynamically unstable. Interestingly, the decoration of Li, Na, and K atoms into the AgTe monolayer can open the band gaps in the decorated Li-, Na- and K-AgTe monolayers around the Fermi level, leading to the actualization of metal-to-semiconductor transitions. In contrast, the decorated Mg-AgTe monolayer maintains its metallic characteristic. The highest electron and hole mobilities are achieved in the Na-AgTe monolayer among the decorated structures, suggesting the applicability of this structure in photovoltaic applications. The optical study shows that Li-, Na- and K-decorated AgTe monolayers have improved light absorption in the visible light region. Consequently, our findings shed light on the decoration of these 2D material monolayers and can potentially enhance and motivate studies in producing these monolayers for current nanodevices and future applications.Iran National Science Foundation [4020997]; Iran National Science Foundation (INSF)This work is based upon research funded by the Iran National Science Foundation (INSF) under project no. 4020997. Furthermore, the numerical calculations reported were fully/partially performed at TUBITAK ULAKBIM, High Performance and Grid Computing Center (TRUBA resources)
Search for High-Mass Resonances in Final States With a Formula Presented-Lepton and Missing Transverse Momentum With the Atlas Detector
No full textA search for high-mass resonances decaying into a Formula Presented-lepton and a neutrino using proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of Formula Presented is presented. The full run 2 data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of Formula Presented recorded by the ATLAS experiment in the years 2015-2018 is analyzed. The Formula Presented-lepton is reconstructed in its hadronic decay modes and the total transverse momentum carried out by neutrinos is inferred from the reconstructed missing transverse momentum. The search for new physics is performed on the transverse mass between the Formula Presented-lepton and the missing transverse momentum. No excess of events above the Standard Model expectation is observed and upper exclusion limits are set on the Formula Presented production cross section. Heavy Formula Presented vector bosons with masses up to 5.0 TeV are excluded at 95% confidence level, assuming that they have the same couplings as the Standard Model Formula Presented boson. For nonuniversal couplings, Formula Presented bosons are excluded for masses less than 3.5-5.0 TeV, depending on the model parameters. In addition, model-independent limits on the visible cross section times branching ratio are determined as a function of the lower threshold on the transverse mass of the Formula Presented-lepton and missing transverse momentum. © 2024 CERN, for the ATLAS Collaboration.Australian Research Council, ARC; Centre National pour la Recherche Scientifique et Technique, CNRST; Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, FCT; Cooperative Research Centres, Australian Government Department of Industry, CRCs; National Science Foundation, NSF; Science and Technology Facilities Council, STFC; H2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions, MSCA; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, JSPS; Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek, NWO; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, MCIN; Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan, MOST; Israel Science Foundation, ISF; Leverhulme Trust; Staatssekretariat für Bildung, Forschung und Innovation, SBFI; Javna Agencija za Raziskovalno Dejavnost RS, ARRS; Generalitat de Catalunya; Instituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, INFN; Bundesministerium für Wissenschaft, Forschung und Wirtschaft, BMWFW; Austrian Science Fund, FWF; Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo, ANID; Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung, BMBF; Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft, HGF; Danmarks Grundforskningsfond, DNRF; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, CNPq; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, KIT; Canarie; Horizon 2020 Framework Programme, H2020; Göran Gustafssons Stiftelser; European Commission, EC; Ministarstvo Prosvete, Nauke i Tehnološkog Razvoja, MPNTR; U.S. Department of Energy, USDOE; European Cooperation in Science and Technology, COST; Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo, FAPESP; Institutul de Fizică Atomică, IFA; ARC Training Centre in Lightweight Automotive Structures, ATLAS; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, NSERC; Nella and Leon Benoziyo Center for Neurological Diseases, Weizmann Institute of Science; Irish Rugby Football Union, IRFU; Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS; Defence Science Institute, DSI; Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica, ANPCyT; Minerva Foundation; Royal Society of South Australia, RSSA; CERN; National Research Council Canada, NRC; Brookhaven National Laboratory, BNL; Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung, AvH; Multiple Sclerosis Scientific Research Foundation, MSSRF; Caring Futures Institute, Flinders University, CFI; Horizon 2020; British Columbia Knowledge Development Fund, BCKDF; Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, MEXT; 754496; 'la Caixa' Foundation: LCF/BQ/PI20/11760025, LCF/BQ/PI19/11690014; 'la Caixa' Foundation; Agence Nationale de la Recherche, ANR: ANR-21-CE31-0022; Agence Nationale de la Recherche, ANR; National Natural Science Foundation of China, NSFC: NSFC-12075060; National Natural Science Foundation of China, NSFC; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, DFG: DFG—CR 312/5-1; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, DFG; CIDEGENT/2019/027, GVA-SEJI/2020/037, CIDEGENT/2019/029, CIDEGENT/2019/023; H2020 European Research Council, ERC: HPOFHIC—10103, H2020-MSCA-IF-2020; H2020 European Research Council, ERC; Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico, FONDECYT: 1210400, 1190886; Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico, FONDECYT; CC-IN2P3; SCI/013; Narodowa Agencja Wymiany Akademickiej, NAWA: PPN/PPO/2020/1/00002/U/00001; Narodowa Agencja Wymiany Akademickiej, NAWA; Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung, SNF: RPG-2020-004, SNSF—PCEFP2_194658; Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung, SNF; European Research Council, ERC: ERC—948254; European Research Council, ERC; CHIST-ERA-19-XAI-00; 21/SCI/017; Knut och Alice Wallenbergs Stiftelse: KAW 2017.0100, KAW 2018.0157, KAW 2019.0447; Knut och Alice Wallenbergs Stiftelse; Vetenskapsrådet, VR: SRC—2017-05160, VR 2017-05092; Vetenskapsrådet, VR; IN2P3-CNRS; National Research Foundation, NRF: CPRR118515; National Research Foundation, NRF; European Regional Development Fund, ERDF: IDIFEDER/2018/048; European Regional Development Fund, ERDF; Narodowe Centrum Nauki, NCN: NCN UMO-2019/34/E/ST2/00393, UMO-2020/37/B/ST2/01043; Narodowe Centrum Nauki, NCN; Generalitat Valenciana, GVA: APOSTD/2019/165, PGC2018-094856-BI00; Generalitat Valenciana, GV
Measurement of the Ttcross Section and Its Ratio To the Z Production Cross √section Using Pp Collisions at √s=13.6 Tev With the Atlas Detector
No full textThe inclusive top-quark-pair production cross section rrtt and its ratio to the Z-boson production cross section have been measured in proton-proton collisions at root s = 13.6 TeV, using 29 fb-1 of data collected in 2022 with the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider. Using events with an opposite-charge electron-muon pair and b-tagged jets, and assuming Standard Model decays, the top-quark-pair production cross section is measured to be rrtt = 850 +/- 3(stat.) +/- 18(syst.) +/- 20(lumi.) pb. The ratio of the ttand the Z-boson production cross sections is also measured, where the Z-boson contribution is determined for inclusive e+e- and mu+mu- events in a fiducial phase space. The relative uncertainty on the ratio is reduced compared to the ttcross section, thanks to the cancellation of several systematic uncertainties. The result for the ratio, Rtt/Z = 1.145 +/- 0.003(stat.) +/- 0.021(syst.) +/- 0.002(lumi.) is consistent with the Standard Model prediction using the PDF4LHC21 PDF set
Perovskenes: Two-Dimensional Perovskite-Type Monolayer Materials Predicted by First-Principles Calculations
No full textInspired by the successful transfer of freestanding ultrathin films of SrTiO3 and BiFeO3 onto various substrates without any thickness limitation, in this study, using density functional theory (DFT), we assessed the structural stability of a group of two-dimensional perovskite-type materials which we call perovskenes. Specifically, we analyzed the stability of 2D SrTiO3, SrZrO3, BaTiO3, and BaZrO3 monolayers. Our simulations revealed that the 2D monolayers of SrTiO3, BaTiO3, and BaZrO3 are at least meta-stable, as confirmed by cohesive energy calculations, evaluation of elastic constants, and simulation of phonon dispersion modes. With this information, we proceeded to investigate the electronic, optical, and thermoelectric properties of these perovskenes. To gain insight into their promising applications, we investigated the electronic and optical properties of these 2D materials and found that they are wide bandgap semiconductors with significant absorption and reflection in the ultraviolet (UV) region of the electromagnetic field, suggesting them as promising materials for use in UV shielding applications. In addition, evaluating their thermoelectric factors revealed that these materials become better conductors of electricity and heat as the temperature rises. They can, hence, convert temperature gradients into electrical energy and transport electrical charges, which is beneficial for efficient power generation in thermoelectric devices. This work opens a new window for designing a novel family of 2D perovskite type materials termed perovskenes. The vast variety of different perovskite compounds and their variety of applications suggest deeper studies on the perovskenes materials for use in innovative technologies. Perovskenes: a novel family of high-stability two-dimensional perovskite-type monolayer materials with predicted electronic, optical, and thermoelectric properties predicted via first-principles calculations.This work is supported by the National Research Council of Canada, Artificial Intelligence for Design program, by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Discovery Grant (RGPIN-2019-03976) and by Compute Canada (now the Digital Research Alliance of Canada). The work is also supported by TUBITAK ULAKBIM, High Performance and Grid Computing Center (TR-Grid e-Infrastructure).National Research Council of Canada, Artificial Intelligence for Design program; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Discovery Grant [RGPIN-2019-03976]; Compute Canada (now the Digital Research Alliance of Canada); TUBITAK ULAKBIM, High Performance and Grid Computing Cente
Negatif Duygulanım ve Çaba Gerektiren Kontrol Mizaç Özellikleri ile Psikoterapistlerin Tükenmişliği Arasındaki İlişkide Öz Bilincin Düzenleyici Rolünün İncelenmesi
No full textBu çalışma, psikoterapistlerin mizaç özellikleri ile tükenmişlikleri arasındaki ilişkiyi ve öz bilincin bu ilişkide düzenleyici bir rol oynayıp oynamadığını incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Araştırmanın örneklemi Türkiye'de yaşayan 115 kadın ve 12 erkek, toplam 127 psikoterapistten oluşmaktadır. Katılımcılara sırasıyla demografik bilgi formu, Yetişkin Mizaç Ölçeği, Maslach Tükenmişlik Ölçeği ve Öz Bilinç Ölçeği çevrim içi bir platform üzerinden iletilmiştir. Çalışmada öz bilincin mizaç ve tükenmişlik arasındaki ilişkide düzenleyici olması; yani düşük öz bilinç düzeyinde mizaç özellikleri ile tükenmişlik arasındaki ilişkinin anlamlı olması, yüksek öz bilinç düzeyinde ise bu ilişkinin anlamsız olması beklenmektedir. Korelasyon analizleri beklendiği üzere, tükenmişliğin çaba gerektiren kontrol ve deneyim süresi ile negatif, negatif duygulanım ve öz bilinç ile pozitif yönlü anlamlı ilişkiler gösterdiğini ortaya koymuştur. Düzenleyici model analizleri, negatif duygulanım ve çaba gerektiren kontrolün tükenmişlikle ilişkisinde öz bilincin düzenleyici bir rol oynamadığını göstermiştir. Bu sonuçlar, psikoterapistlerin tükenmişlikleri ile ilişkili farklı değişkenlerin araştırılmasının tükenmişlik önleme ve azaltma müdahalelerinin geliştirilmesi için önemli olduğunu göstermektedir.This study aims to examine the relationship between therapists' temperament traits and burnout, and whether self-consciousness plays a moderating role in this relationship. The sample of the study consists of 127 therapists (115 women and 12 men) living in Turkey. Participants were provided with a demographic information form, Adult Temperament Questionnaire, Maslach Burnout Inventory, and Self-Consciousness Scale through an online platform. It is expected that self-consciousness would act as a moderator in the relationship between temperament and burnout; specifically, it is anticipated that the relationship between temperament traits and burnout would be significant at low levels of self-consciousness, but insignificant at high levels of self-consciousness. Correlation analyses, as expected, revealed that burnout was significantly negatively correlated with effortful control and years of experience, and positively correlated with negative affect and self-consciousness. The moderation model analyses indicated that self-consciousness did not play a moderating role in the relationship between negative affect and burnout, nor in the relationship between effortful control and burnout. These results suggest that investigating different variables related to therapists' burnout is important for the development of interventions aimed at preventing and reducing burnout
Defining the Optimal Alpha Band Connectivity Pathways To Detect Depression Using Explainable Ai
No full textDepression is a prevalent mental disorder that affects the mood of patients and is generally diagnosed by paper-based questionnaires. Nowadays combining machine learning and Electroencephalogram (EEG) are more popular to diagnose depression. This study proposes a novel method that only focuses on the connectivity of the Alpha band. 22 Depression patients and 25 healthy control subjects were attended in EEG recording in eyes closed and eyes open condition. After the pre-processing step, the phase lag index (PLI) values between EEG channels were calculated. The Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGB) classifier was used to detect depression. The maximum performance with a 95.22%+/- 1.76% accuracy rate, 94.09%+/- 2.15 recall, and 96.08%+/- 2.54% specificity rate was reached when only eyes-closed values were used as inputs of the classifier. Performance of the classifier for ten selected pathways using explainability analysis of features with the Shapley Additive explanation (SHAP) method decreased to 93.12%+/- 1.73% accuracy rate, 92.92%+/- 1.4% recall, and 94.57%+/- 2.78% specificity rate
Decarbonizing the Industry With Green Hydrogen
No full textPerseverance to reduce global greenhouse gas emissions and backward economic and ecological issues of excessive use of carbon-based fuels is more preponderant than any other environmental- related policies. In this respect, hydrogen (H2) appears to be a revolutionary in decarbonizing the common and energy-intensive industrial applications along with its use in transportation. Nations agree to explore a diverse range of innovations to integrate green H2 into the common industrial plants. Energy-intensive industrial sectors emitting large amounts of carbon dioxide (CO2) annually need widespread analysis and investigations to reform the adaptation to carbon-neutral resources. This chapter plunges into these energy-intensive, yet crucial for human needs, applications such as ammonia (NH3), iron/steel, cement, and oil refining. These sectors can be assisted with green H2 as an energy source with its high energy density and as a potential carbon-neutral feedstock for the chemical industry. © 2024 Scrivener Publishing LLC
“Words on Fire:” Langston Hughes and the Black Hegelian Poetic in The Panther and the Lash
No full textLangston Hughes (1901-1967), the American poet, novelist, playwright, and social activist, is not only a central figure in American literature but also considered one of the pioneers of a distinct African American literary voice. From his integral part of the literary and intellectual scene of the Harlem Renaissance to the American Civil Rights era, Hughes’ powerful and innovative work captured the struggles, joys, and complexities of Black life. While Hughes’ catalog is exhaustive, this study focuses on his final collection, The Panther and the Lash (1967), which offers an exemplary depiction of Hughes’ evolving philosophical thought. His formulation of major racial, social, and political themes and subjects in the collection reveals the profound impact of Hughes’ intellectual mentor, W. E. B. Du Bois, and his study of Hegelian dialectical philosophy. What emerges, I argue, a Black Hegelian poetic—the conceptualization of Hegelian philosophical principles to explore and articulate the complexities of Black experiences and identity, signifying a synthesis of philosophical thought, cultural consciousness, and poetic expression. The analysis of The Panther and the Lash showcases Hughes’ ability to intensify differences, negate contraries, and engage in a continual process of formation and re-formation. Thus, readers can interrogate his Black responses to the historical, socio-political movements and events that have taken place towards the end of his life.Amerikalı şair, romancı, oyun yazarı ve aktivist Langston Hughes (1901-1967), Amerikan edebiyatının önemli isimleri arasında yer almasının yanı sıra, kendine özgü bir Afrikalı Amerikalı edebi sesinin yaratılmasının öncülerinden biri olarak da kabul edilir. Harlem Rönesansı’nın edebi ve entelektüel ortamının ayrılmaz bir parçası olmasından Amerikan Sivil Haklar dönemindeki etkinliğine kadar, Hughes’un güçlü ve yenilikçi çalışmaları, Afrikalı Amerikalıların yaşamındaki zorlukları, sevinçleri ve karmaşıklıkları incelikle yakalayabilmiştir. Hughes’un külliyatı hayli kapsamlıdır, ancak bu çalışma, sadece, yazarın felsefi düşüncesinin güzel bir örneğini sunan The Panther and the Lash (1967) adlı son derlemesine odaklanmaktadır. Derlemedeki başlıca ırksal, toplumsal ve politik yaklaşımlarda, Hughes’un entelektüel akıl hocası W. E. B. Du Bois’in ve onun Hegelci diyalektik felsefesinin etkisi görülür. Burada Siyah Hegelci bir şiir ortaya çıkar. Bu şiir, özünde, felsefi düşünce, kültürel bilinç ve şiirsel ifadenin ilgi çekici bir sentezini sunarak, Siyah deneyimi ve kimliğinin karmaşıklığını ifade etmek için Hegelci ilkelerin kavramsallaştırılması anlamına gelir. The Panther and the Lash, Hughes’un farklılıkları yoğunlaştırma, karşıtlıkları olumsuzlama ve sürekli bir oluşum ve yeniden oluşum sürecine girme yeteneğini gözler önüne serer. Böylece okurlar, Hughes’un yaşamının sonlarına doğru gerçekleşen tarihsel, toplumsal ve politik olaylara verdiği tepkileri görebilirler
Exposure To Economic Distress During Pregnancy and Birth Outcomes
No full textThis paper uses the severe economic crisis in Turkey in 2008-2009 as a quasi-experiment to evaluate the impact of worsening economic conditions during pregnancy on birthweight. Using birth history data from the 2008 and 2013 waves of the Demographic Health Surveys, we find that the economic crisis resulted in decreased birthweight in Turkey, especially impacting infants born to mothers with lower educational levels. Furthermore, a procyclical relationship exists between provincial income levels and the birthweight of infants born to mothers with lower levels of education. However, this relationship is only statistically significant during the crisis period. These results highlights how economic constraints on mothers with lower socio-economic status during economic crises can negatively affect birth outcomes. Furthermore, we examine shifts in fertility behavior and find a decrease in childbirth rates during the crisis, particularly in economically disadvantaged provinces. In line with this decrease in fertility, we also observe a reduced propensity to seek an abortion during the crisis period. Overall, these findings underscore the importance of understanding how economic crises affect infant health and the need for targeted interventions to support vulnerable populations, as well as addressing underlying socio-economic disparities to mitigate their impact on infant well-being