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Diseño e Implementación de una Estación de Servicio Automatizada mediante el Uso de Componentes inteligentes en RobotStudio
No full textEn el presente Trabajo Fin de Grado se pretende elaborar una estación de servicio para automóviles que esté totalmente automatizada por robots. Para ello, se hará uso del software RobotStudio, que permite la implementación de diversos robots de la empresa ABB. La comunicación entre estos robots se hará mediante el uso de componentes inteligentes, funcionalidad de RobotStudio que nos permite añadir comportamientos físicos y dinámicos a una estación de trabajo, otorgando realismo a las simulaciones. En concreto, nos apoyaremos en la gestión de eventos y en la lógica de estación. Además, también se utilizará la consola FlexPendant para la comunicación de los usuarios con las múltiples opciones que oferta la estación de servicio. Por otro lado, el diseño del modelaje y los elementos de la estación se realizará mediante el software SolidWorks.
La intención de este Trabajo Fin de Grado es revolucionar y optimizar el uso cotidiano de las estaciones de servicio, otorgando al cliente una experiencia novedosa, atractiva y a la vez funcional. Para ello, la estación contará con cuatro zonas diferenciadas controladas por robots; una zona dedicada al túnel de lavado, otra para repostar de gasolina, la tercera como servicio de bebidas y la última para la reparación e hinchado de ruedas.
Además, se desarrollará un estudio de viabilidad del proyecto, realizando un análisis económico del coste de la inversión inicial y su beneficio a largo plazo. Adicionalmente, se planteará un estudio energético mediante el uso de paneles fotovoltaicos y el software PVsyst para maximizar la autonomía y eficiencia energética de la estación. Otros aspectos como conciliación con la vida laboral, el distanciamiento social y la seguridad y prevención de riesgos laborales serán relevantes durante el desarrollo del trabajo.Ingenierí
Sugars from formaldehyde: a study on the formose reaction
Get PDFThe FR is the oligomerization of FA to give monosaccharides. This fascinating mechanism is thought to be the source of prebiotic sugars that might have originated the life in our planet. Since its discovery in 1861, scientists have studied the reaction from different points of view and, nowadays, even if its main features are known, some aspects are still under investigation. The oligomerization of FA is base-catalyzed and follows the mechanism of the aldolic addition, although the concurrence of side reactions, recombination, and cleavages makes the FR a very complex system from which a mixture of products containing linear and branched monosaccharides ranging from C2 to C6 or higher, polyols, and sugar acids. The FR suffers an important drawback, which is the unselective nature of its mechanism that makes it impossible to harness the potential of the reaction for practical applications. In this Thesis, some challenging aspects of the FR are addressed. A robust analysis method is developed that combines a double derivatization approach and the use of HPLC and GC-MS and permits the quantification of FA and the identification of the formose products. This method is used throughout the Thesis and is the backbone that supports all the Chapters. Since almost any kind of base can catalyze the FR, along the Thesis, a profound investigation is carried out to find out the most innovative and less studied catalysts with interesting properties that can be favorable for increasing the FR selectivity. Special emphasis is given to heterogeneous porous materials, such as MOFs and zeolites, that are known for their versatility and the wide application they find in organic catalysis. Furthermore, inspired by the theories that attribute to the FR the origin of life on our planet, a plasma-induced FR is presented in this Thesis for the very first time. Remarkable results are obtained when MOFs and zeolites are used as catalysts, as an effect of size selection is observed, attributable to their porous structure, which determines an increased selectivity compared to traditional catalysts such as Ca(OH)2. In the past, many attempts to increase the selectivity of the FR have been carried out, with only modest results. The achievements presented in this Thesis are thus especially valuable since they are connected to the use of two particularly versatile classes of materials, MOFs, and zeolites, whose basic strength, porosity, hydrophilicity, and stability can be tailored and adapted to the specific application. Therefore, this Thesis represents a solid point of start for future research, where the enormous potential of MOFs and zeolites is explored and consolidated and may lead to the ultimate solution to FR's lack of selectivity. Moreover, it is here demonstrated that plasma can induce the reaction without the addition of any further initiator. The effects of heating and UV light are also separated, proving that plasma is the only responsible for the activation of the mechanism at the used conditions. As the plasma-induced FR is presented in this Thesis for the very first time, this work opens the path for future investigations in this new and exciting field of study
Is there a gender-based analysis of unaccompanied migrant minors? A systematic review of the evidence
No full textBackground: Given the increased international arrival of unaccompanied migrant minors in recent decades, the need has arisen to optimise their protection and the resources offered to them. In addition to the known difficulties faced by unaccompanied minors, girls encounter additional obstacles due to their gender. Unaccompanied migrant girls face the threat of triple invisibility as minors, migrants and women. This reality is analysed in this study, which is intended to seed future research under a gendered approach to the reception and integration of unaccompanied migrant minors.
Objectives: This study aims to verify whether the literature includes a scientific, gender-based analysis of unaccompanied migrant minors and, in turn, to shed light on gendered understandings of migration, unaccompanied migrant children’s characteristics, social needs, risk and protection factors, highlighting the main differences found between migrant girls and boys.
Methodology: A systematic literature review based on the PRISMA 2020 guidelines was used to identify research and international studies focused on unaccompanied minors, highlighting those that integrated a gendered perspective.
Results: The search of different databases identified studies covering gender-based differences among unaccompanied minors across 17 countries. This analysis revealed some differential aspects among unaccompanied migrant children related to their social, health and educational needs that could improve social inclusion in the host society. The authors want to overcome the reductionism of analyses limited to disaggregating the data according to gender; thus, a more in-depth analysis incorporating other distinctive characteristics is put forward.
Conclusion: A better understanding of the experience and needs of migrant girls and boys should guide future research in this field to support the development of more effective, gender-specific intervention strategies
Clarifying Terminology and Definitions in Education services for Mental Health Users: A Disambiguation Study
Get PDFIn the wake of the mental health crisis in children and adolescents, the coordination of education and mental health services has become a global priority. However, differing terminologies and classifications across sectors, hinder effective comparison. The classification in education focuses mainly on outputs like qualifications or throughputs like teaching programs. This proof-of-concept study tested the applicability of a standard classification of health services, the Description and Evaluation of Services and DirectoriEs (DESDE), to evaluate education services for mental health users in the context of Spain and The Netherlands. It was conducted alongside the PECUNIA project, that sought to develop methods for the assessment of mental health costs and outcomes in different sectors. The study followed an ontoterminology approach involving: 1) identification of services from a predefined list of 46 resource-use items, 2) disambiguation of identified services with the DESDE, and classifying them as accurate, ambiguous, vague or confuse; and 3) external validation by an expert panel. The analysis was conducted at the level of type of resource, target population and care provision. From the initial list, only ten of the resources could be categorized as services using DESDE, and not activities, interventions or professionals. Only four of them (8,65%) were accurate across all disambiguation categories. Experts were unaware of terminology problems in classification of service provision in the education sector. Classifications and glossaries can clarify service naming, description and costing allowing comparative effectiveness analysis and facilitating cross-sectoral planning. This should be grounded in common methodologies, tools, and units of analysis.Incluye material complementario al artículo "Clarifying Terminology and Definitions in Education services for Mental Health Users: A Disambiguation Study
Una cuestión disputada
No full textEl profesor Taborda reflexiona en este trabajo de tono fundamentalmente históricos sobre la peculiaridad del religioso presbítero. La conjunción entre la Vida Religiosa y el ministerio ordenado no siempre ha sido una cuestión pacífica, que haya recibido una articulación lineal y sin trabas desde que se iniciara. El presente artículo sugiere que se tengan en consideración todavía los tres modelos de "presbiterado" (local, profético-itinerante, martirial) para fundamentar teológicamente una diversificación en el modo de comprender y vivir en la actualidad el ministerio presbiteral
Comunión y colegialidad en la Iglesia en una época de tensiones y globalización
No full textNos encontramos en un cambio de época. El profesor Estrada intenta sacar en este artículo las consecuencias eclesiológicas de este paso a un nuevo paradigma cultural. La tesis del autor es que el modo de Iglesia en comunión es el que mejor se acopla al proceso de globalización. El gran reto de este milenio será transformar la Iglesia en sus instituciones, organizaciones y estructuras, para adaptarlas al modelo de eclesiología de comunión y a las demandas de un mundo globalizado. Tal modelo permite una Iglesia única y católica, pero diferenciada, inculturada en distintas sociedades y culturas. La uniformidad dejará vía libre a la comunión con las diferencias y a la gestación de modelos distintos de ministerios, teología, derecho canónico, etc
Decision-making and networks among adolescents
No full textExperimental economics provides empirical evidence on fundamental economic
questions since it allows direct observation of the economic behavior of individuals
and groups in a particular context.
Despite the growing popularity and development of this approach, children and
adolescents are not usually included in the samples analyzed. However, in recent
years, understanding the behavior of the youngest individuals has become increasingly
evident. Understanding how adolescents make economic decisions is crucial
in order to determine their subsequent behavior in their adulthood. In fact, findings
have been reported demonstrating the relationship between both periods. Adolescence
is characterized by a non-trivial set of changes for individuals. Exploring
the underlying preferences and motivations of adolescents also allows for improving
the design of more effective public policies or interventions. Thus, research on
this type of subjects is becoming more and more common, although the effort to
obtain reliable data is higher, since some methodological adjustments need to be
considered in the experiments.
One of the main problems observed in the literature is the low number of consistent
responses—proof of the need to tailor the experimental tasks to the abilities
of these subjects. In addition, it is also important to highlight the role of their
interactions, both positive and negative. During adolescence, your friends can determine
your future achievements or failures. Nonetheless, the amount of available
data suitable for adolescent research is not extensive.
This thesis addresses these problems. It is divided into two parts, the first one
focuses on how to collect data from adolescents and the second one focuses on the analysis through social network technique
Un siglo de "búsqueda sin término" de la verdad
No full textHace un siglo, en 1902, nació Karl R. Popper, uno de los filósofos contemporáneos que más han influido en el pensamiento occidental por sus ideas sobre el conocimiento, la ciencia, Ia ética y la religión. La ocasión del centenario del nacimiento de Popper nos brinda la posibilidad de exponer su azaroso itinerario intelectual, su obra filosófica y algunas de las implicaciones teológicas de su planteamiento expuestas por él mismo y por algunos de sus discípulos. Nuestra revista Proyección, cuyo objetivo es establecer puentes entre la teología y el mundo actual, no puede permanecer ausente de la memoria de este centenario. Con este trabajo se presenta a los lectores no especialistas en filosofía de la ciencia y teoría del conocimiento una síntesis de su vida, de la evolución de su pensamiento y de las implicaciones de sus ideas en la experiencia religiosa y en la Teología. El reto más importante que la epistemología popperiana presenta a la Teología está relacionado con el amplio campo semántico de la verdad. Popper se consideró siempre agnóstico y apenas hay referencias explícitas a lo religioso en su obra. Pero sí hay interesantes implicaciones religiosas y teológicas tanto en las ideas del mismo Popper como de los popperianos
Proyecto Archangel: desarrollo y evaluación integral de controladores de vuelo para VTOLs en el contexto de la aeronáutica moderna
Get PDFEl Trabajo de Fin de Máster titulado “Proyecto Archangel: Desarrollo y Evaluación Integral de Controladores de Vuelo para VTOLs en el Contexto de la Aeronáutica Moderna” se centra en el desarrollo de varios controladores de vuelo, incluyendo PID, NMPC, entre otros, para un modelo específico de Vehículo de Despegue y Aterrizaje Vertical (VTOL). El proyecto no solo se limita a la creación de estos controladores, sino que también se lleva a cabo una comparativa exhaustiva de su rendimiento y eficacia. En cuanto al transporte y manutención industrial, se detallan los métodos más adecuados para garantizar un envío seguro del VTOL desde Estados Unidos a Europa, así como el mantenimiento de estos para prolongar su vida útil. Finalmente, se realiza un análisis de costos de la adquisición de una flota de UAVs, considerando tanto la producción de estos VTOLs como su posterior venta a un país extranjero.Máster Universitario en Ingeniería Industria
200 números de Proyección
No full textEn mayo de 1954 salía a la luz el primer número de la revista Proyección. Este es el número 200, lo cual es motivo de alegría y de agradecimiento. A lo largo de casi cinco décadas nuestra revista ha realizado el programa que se asignó a sí misma en dicha fecha: acercar la reflexión teológica al cristiano interesado por su fe y también a aquellos hombres y mujeres que, aún sin compartir totalmente nuestra visión del mundo y de la vida, se interesan por los planteamientos y respuestas que los creyentes podemos hacer y dar.