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Total synthesis of 3-Oxyangeloyl-tremetone
Full text linkIn nature, there are an abundance of molecules with medicinal properties which are contained in plants. While obtaining these molecules by extraction is feasible on a small scale, industrial scale production would prove challenging. Through retrosynthetic analysis, a series of synthetic steps can be determined by envisioning a target molecule of interest and proceeding to break it down into starting materials that are readily available and cost effective. In studying existing medicinal molecules, it has been found that heterocyclic structures play an important role in the medicinal efficacy of a molecule. Synthesis of a novel molecule incorporating an oxygen containing heterocycle, 3-Oxyangeloyl-tremetone, has been proposed through a 5-step synthetic pathway via retrosynthetic analysis. Current work is focused on completing the third step in the synthetic pathway, which is a Sonogashira coupling reaction between 4-acetyl-2-bromoanisole and trimethylsilyl acetylene
The Effects of Brain 770 on Sleep, Response Time, and Social Interaction in Drosophila melanogaster
Full text linkHomeopathic supplements have been used as an alternative to modern medicine for hundreds of years and have drastically increased in popularity within recent years. This marked increase is concerning given the lack of regulation by the Food and Drug Administration regarding the potential benefits and safety of these supplements. One such supplement, Brain-770, is advertised as a remedy for pineal gland calcification, which involves the accumulation of calcium deposits on the pineal gland. The pineal gland is involved in the regulation of the circadian rhythm through its production of melatonin and serotonin. Pineal gland calcification causes a downregulation of these hormones, resulting in a negatively altered circadian rhythm. The goal of this study was to observe the effect of Brain-770 on expression of the genes responsible for the production of melatonin (CRY1) and serotonin (5-HT1B), as well as on behaviors associated with the circadian rhythm in Drosophila melanogaster. It was hypothesized that melatonin and serotonin production would be increased in sleep-deprived flies treated with Brain-770 compared to control sleep-deprived flies. Additionally, it was hypothesized that flies treated with Brain-770 would experience better sleep, enhanced social interactions, and improved reaction times compared to control flies. The expression of CRY1 and 5-HT1B was quantified using RT-qPCR, and behavioral assays were conducted to observe sleep, social interactions, and reaction times. The results of this study show that there was no significant difference in melatonin and serotonin production or in sleep, social interaction, and reaction time behaviors between Brain-770-treated flies and control flies
What Can’t Love Accomplish? Lessons on Human Connection Through The Iliad and King Lear
Full text linkWhat can’t love accomplish? Through Homer’s The Iliad and Shakespeare’s King Lear, the concept of love is examined, revealing the fundamental value of such a short-lived, futile experience. The father-child connections between King Lear and Cordelia, as well as King Priam and Hector, provide insight into the strength of paternal love and the ultimate futility of undertaking it. The discussed tragedies combine themes of power, heroism, and sacrifice to reveal the value of human connection, as well as the danger of attempting to control the powerful force of love. Through these case studies, we can learn about the shortcomings of our belief in the overarching power of love and instead focus on forming connections with a focus on the present moment. Love cannot accomplish much in the material sense, but its inherent, inescapable value makes the associated hardships worthwhile
A Geospatial Approach to Assessing Water Availability Around Drummond, Montana
No full textSRF poster. Abstract only.In rural areas, water availability can be scarce. Therefore, landowners often rely on geospatial interpretation to identify possible water sources. Spatial interpolation, which is the estimation of new data based on a discrete set of known information, assumes that values change in a continuous manner and are spatially dependent. It is often used in site selection when the data being weighed is not concrete. In order to find the most suitable sites, a weighted suitability model can be used. A weighted suitability model allows raster data to be ranked based on fitness and then analyzed for the best probable outcomes. In this research project, I aim to interpolate a water table using a weighted suitability model in ArcGIS Pro. The study area is 80 acres of land within the Garnet Range, just northwest of Drummond, MT. Already there are wells drilled within the area. Using present well depth data, I will spatially interpolate a digital elevation model of an underlying water table. Using data on the underlying geology, aquitard layers, subsurface soil horizons, surface vegetation, and land ownership, I will create a weighted suitability model to find the probability of a well head drill site for water usage
The Effects of Breastfeeding Compared to Formula Feeding on Long-Term Health Outcomes
Full text linkBreastfeeding, when compared to formula feeding, is a controversial topic among postpartum women and their newborns. Despite the controversy, breastfeeding is widely recognized for its unique health benefits. Numerous studies have examined the risks and benefits of both, making the decision for families more difficult. Breastfeeding is recommended as a complementary treatment for infants when they are sick, indicating that breast milk contains therapeutic components (e.g., antibodies, immune factors) that are not found in formula. While breastfeeding offers unique advantages, formula feeding may be necessary in certain situations, such as when maternal milk supply is insufficient or medical conditions require supplementation. This Evidence-Based Practice review aims to compare the long-term health outcomes of breastfed and formula-fed infants, providing evidence to support healthcare education on infant feeding practices. The findings of this review can be applied in healthcare settings to provide further education about how breastfeeding can enhance the growth and development of an infant
What can Love Accomplish?
Full text linkTales from Ovid by Ted Hughes, based on Ovid’s Metamorphoses, details various stories of creation, love, and violence, but as its Latin name suggests, they are all also stories of transformation. While many are tales of unrequited infatuation, some, like Pyramus and Thisbe, seem to show possibly real love. Similarly, Zora Neale Hurston’s book, Their Eyes Were Watching God, tells a story of love, violence, and ultimately transformation as Janie grows through life and different relationships. These two stories together demonstrate how love can offer people the courage and space to transform, but also how it requires a vulnerability that opens them up to suffering
Snowbot: Object Detection
Full text linkObject detection is crucial to autonomous vehicles’ ability to navigate environments and avoid collisions. In developing the “Snowbot” autonomous snow plow robot we will employ the tools from Python’s OpenCV package to potentially clean images from the live camera feed so that they can correctly identify objects to avoid. Snowbot is designed to operate in a low visibility environment where snow, clouds, and other vision impairments will obscure objects, people, and animals. A successful snowbot should be able to use and adapt OpenCV object detection models to detect common obstacles, and interface with other programs to determine an updated path and how to avoid collisions. Here we will lay out a workflow for image cleaning, object detection, and object tracking for Snowbot’s navigation system. Reliably identifying and tracking objects is critical to the safety and functionality of Snowbot
The Effect of Distraction Techniques on Pain Perception During Pediatric Procedures
No full textPain experienced by pediatric patients during procedures such as venipuncture remains a significant concern. Despite awareness, many children undergo procedures without effective pain-reduction strategies. Procedural pain can lead to immediate distress and long-term consequences, including needle phobia, healthcare avoidance, and impaired coping. Distraction techniques are non-pharmacological interventions such as virtual reality (VR), music therapy, toys, animated videos, and guided imagery that aim to shift a child’s attention away from painful procedures. Routine is standard procedural practice that includes basic emotional support or minimal distraction but lacks systematic evidence-based tools. Perceived pain is the subjective experience reported by the pediatric patient, often measured using age-appropriate pain scales. Pediatric patients involve children undergoing clinical procedures, typically ranging from infancy to adolescence, who are at risk of heightened pain and anxiety. The purpose of this Evidence-Based Practice review is to evaluate the effectiveness of distraction techniques compared to routine care in reducing perceived pain in pediatric patients undergoing procedures. This review focuses on interventions that are accessible, cost-effective, and practical within diverse healthcare settings. Nurses can use this information to implement distraction methods during procedures, to reduce perceived pain, enhance patient cooperation, build trust with families, and foster a more supportive care environment. These approaches give nurses an important, non-pharmacological role in managing pain
Investment Portfolio Management: A Financial Ratio Approach
Full text linkMany of us know that our investment portfolio should be diversified, but implementing and assessing this diversification is complex. In addition, a good portfolio is tuned to match the risk tolerance and individual needs of each unique investor.
To address these challenges we build portfolios based on industry and financial diversity as well as historical returns and volatility. We standardized key financial metrics (profitability, liquidity, efficiency, market value, and leverage) for each stock using robust scaling. These standardized scores indicate how each company’s financial metrics compare relative to peers. For instance, although Apple and Microsoft operate within similar industries, Microsoft’s liquidity score (1.2) shows it performs significantly above the median, while Apple’s liquidity (-0.3) falls below the typical level. However, Apple demonstrates superior efficiency (2.11 vs. 0.14) and market value (2.20 vs. 1.33), suggesting stronger operational performance and higher market valuation relative to Microsoft. Using these metrics we visualize differences using principal component analysis and cluster stocks using dendrogram and K-Means clustering. To build a diversified portfolio we select stocks from each cluster, making our selections based on a balance of expected risk and reward.
Our program builds a diversified portfolio tailored to an individual’s risk tolerance. With each recommendation we deliver unique insight into the qualities of each stock
The Hierarchy of Nation-State Needs: From Basic Survival to Democratic Maturation and Intellectual Independence
No full textThis study proposes a hierarchy of needs for states, similar to Maslow's psychological hierarchy, but adapted to analyze the development of national systems. The initial postulate is that a country must fully satisfy the needs of one level before it can effectively move to the next stage of development. The peculiarity of this model is that at the initial stages of development, a country's political system may not necessarily be democratic.
At the first level are physiological needs: access to food, clean drinking water, shelter, and electricity. Without these basic conditions, a country cannot provide the necessary platform for social stabilization. The study notes examples of countries struggling to meet physiological needs: Somalia, Ethiopia, Yemen, South Sudan, etc.
The next is security. The level refers to the absence of violent conflicts inside a state or those initiated outside of it. This stage includes Ukraine, Myanmar, Venezuela, etc.
The third level covers the development of education, science, and technology. I argue that non-democratic regimes like in Singapore or China allow the development of these areas.
The fourth level implies a transition to democratic governance structures. It is argued that increasing prosperity in society and the development of the knowledge economy, as a result of the advancement in education and technology, inevitably lead to demands for political freedom and civic participation. The examples include South Korea and Taiwan.
At the fifth and final level, a country reaches the stage of intellectual and philosophical self-realization. A country develops unique cultural and philosophical trends that have a great influence on world civilization.
The hierarchy represents a sequential path of development of a country, where successful satisfaction of needs at one level creates prerequisites for transition to the next stages