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Ex-situ Conservation of Crop Wild Relatives and Crop Landraces in the Genera Asparagus, Vitis, Citrus, Dioscorea, Actinidia, and Amorphophallus in Fukuoka, Kumamoto, and Oita Prefectures
Get PDFThis paper reports on the conservation of mainly crop wild relatives as plant genetic resources for food and agriculture in Fukuoka, Kumamoto, and Oita Prefectures, Japan, in 2022. We surveyed natural and/or artificially disturbed environments in these prefectures, collecting asparagus (Asparagus kiusianus Makino, Asparagus oligoclonos Maxim, and Asparagus cochinchinensis (Lour.) Merr.), grape (Vitis kiusiana Momiy.), kiwifruit (Actinidia rufa (Siebold et Zucc.) Planch. ex Miq.), and yam (Dioscorea japonica Thunb) wild relatives. In addition, we acquired citrus landrace (Citrus nobilis Lour. var. kunep Tanaka) and Konnyaku landrace (Amorphophallus rivieri Durieu var. konjac (K. Koch) Engl.) through the courtesy of local farmers involved in the survey. Notably, we successfully achieved the ex-situ conservation of endangered asparagus wild relatives (A. kiusianus and A. oligoclonos). The NARO Genebank will conserve these genetic resources after multiplication and distribute them for research and educational purposes (https://www.gene.affrc.go.jp/index_en.php).本報告は福岡県，熊本県，大分県における作物近縁野生種および在来品種の保全に関する報告書である．我々は，熊本県，福岡県，大分県の自然環境または人為攪乱環境を調査し，アスパラガス近縁野生種（Asparagus kiusianus Makino，Asparagus oligoclonos Maxim，Asparagus cochinchinensis (Lour.) Merr.），ブドウ近縁野生種（Vitis kiusiana Momiy.），キウイフルーツ近縁野生種（Actinidia rufa (Siebold et Zucc.) Planch. ex Miq.），ヤマノイモ近縁野生種（Dioscorea japonica Thunb.）に加え，ミカン在来品種（Citrus nobilis Lour. var. kunep Tanaka）とコンニャク在来品種（Amorphophallus ribieri Durieu var. konjac (K. Koch) Engl.）を収集した．本報告の特筆事項は，絶滅危惧種であるハマタマボウキとタマボウキの生息域外保全に成功したことにある．農研機構のジーンバンクは，これらの種子を十分に増殖後，その一部を研究または教育を目的とする利用のために配布する予定である（https://www.gene.affrc.go.jp/index_en.php）．articl
Collection and Conservation of Crop Landraces Including the Families Brassicaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Fabaceae, and Poaceae in the Region Around Aso and Kuju Mountains and Itsuki Village of Kumamoto Prefecture
Get PDFThis paper reports the collection and conservation of plant genetic resources in 2022, mainly including crop landraces in the region around the Aso and Kuju mountains and Itsuki Village of Kumamoto Prefecture. Crop landrace seeds were provided by farmers after their fields were surveyed, while seeds of Brassica plants growing naturally in artificially disturbed environments were additionally collected, as some landraces are expected to have escaped. We collected and conserved a total of 26 accessions, comprising 2 accessions of mustard (Brassica juncea (L.) Czern.), 1 of tatsoi (Brassica rapa L. emend. Metzg. subsp. narinosa (Bailey) Hanelt), 6 of oilseed rape (Brassica rapa L. emend. Metzg. subsp. oleifera (DC.) Metzg.), 4 of turnip (Brassica rapa L. emend. Metzg. subsp. rapa), 2 of radish (Raphanus sativus L.), 6 of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.), 1 of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.), 2 of azuki bean (Vigna angularis (Willd.) Ohwi et Ohashi), 1 of rice bean (Vigna umbellata (Thunb.) Ohwi et Ohashi) and 1 of maize (Zea mays L.). These are registered at the National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO) Genebank. Notably, this report includes the first introduction of the tatsoi landrace “Kurona,” a rare subspecies from Japan, into the NARO Genebank. Moreover, we prevented the loss of the azuki bean landrace “Keshogo” and waxy maize landrace “Mochi-Tokibi.” The NARO Genebank will preserve these seeds after multiplication and distribute them for research and educational purposes (https://www.gene.affrc.go.jp/index_en.php).本報告は，福岡県，熊本県，大分県における在来作物の保全に関する報告書である．我々は，農業環境と自然環境を調査し，生産者等から在来作物の種子を譲り受けると共に，自生植物から種子を収集した．その結果，カラシナ2点，クロナ1点，在来ナタネまたはツケナ類6点，カブ4点，ダイコン2点，キュウリ6点，ダイズ1点，アズキ2点，ツルアズキ1点，トウモロコシ1点の計26点の遺伝資源を収集した．本報告の新規性は，アズキ在来品種「ケショウゴ」とトウモロコシ在来品種「モチトウキビ」の消失を阻止したほか，日本では希少なタアサイの在来品種「クロナ」を農研機構のジーンバンクに導入したことである．これらの種子は増殖後，研究または教育を目的とする利用のために配布される予定である（https://www.gene.affrc.go.jp/index_en.php）．articl
Field Survey and Collection of Crop Landraces, Wild Vigna Genetic Resources and Their Root Nodules in Kikaijima, Kakeromajima, and Amami Oshima Islands in Japan in 2022
Get PDFWe conducted a field survey to collect crop landraces on Kikaijima Island, such as Vicia faba L., Sesamum indicum L., Capsicum frutescens L., etc., and wild Vigna plants with their root nodules on Kikaijima, Kakeromajima, and Amami Oshima islands in the Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan, from August 22 to 26, 2022. As a result of the field survey, we collected 13 accessions of crop landraces, including 6 accessions of V. faba, one accession of S. indicum, one accession of C. frutescens and 5 accessions of other crops, 24 accessions of wild Vigna plants, including 3 accessions of Vigna luteola, 5 accessions of Vigna reflexo-pilosa Hayata and 16 accessions of Vigna marina (Burman) Merrill. Notably, the V. luteola accessions of Amami Oshima Island were the first and the northmost collection for the National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO) Genebank. A total of 8 root nodules were collected from V. marina and V. luteola to isolate their symbiotic rhizobia. All the collected materials were conserved at the NARO Genebank of Japan. Multiple seeds will become available upon request for research, breeding, and educational purposes.本報告は，2022年8月22日から8月26日に行なった鹿児島県の喜界島，加計呂麻島，奄美大島における在来植物およびササゲ属植物遺伝資源とその根粒の現地調査収集報告書である．現地調査の結果，喜界島在来ソラマメを6点，喜界島在来ゴマ1点，島唐辛１点，その他の作物5点を含む合計13点の在来作物と，Vigna luteola 3点，Vigna reflexo-pilosa 5点，Vigna marina 16点の合計24点のササゲ属作物近縁植物を収集した．特に，奄美大島のV. luteolaは，農業・食品産業技術総合研究機構（NARO）ジーンバンクにとって鹿児島県からの初収集かつ日本最北端のコレクションとなった．V. marinaとV. luteolaの８箇所の生息地では，根粒の採取も実施した．収集された材料はすべてNAROジーンバンクに保存され，増殖した種子は，研究，育種，教育目的のために，要望に応じて提供される予定である．articl
Collection (●) and survey (▲) sites and collection number of Miscanthus spp. in Hyogo and Tokushima prefectures.
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Exploration sites (×), including collection sites of wild soybean (○) and wild azuki bean (△) in Hyogo and Tottori Prefectures, Japan (reference map: Geospatial Information Authority of Japan Map Vector).
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