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The Trasnational Field Of Possibilities: Reweaving Community Across Time and Borders
Recognizing the significance of anniversaries in the history of humanity, we are very pleased to write and share this article —since it has given us the opportunity to contemplate our journeys navigating rural Canada and Mexico. In these 23 years we have trained as transnational researchers —in Mexico and Canada profundo— and developed as people who seek, through our individual and collective struggles, a better continent. In other words, we are looking for a better space where human mobilities are not used as a pretext to exploit nor violate anyone. Instead, we seek to value and understand ourselves in a diverse world that enriches us with every encounter. We have followed and accompanied migrant farmworkers and their families back and forth between their lives in the provincias in Mexico and rural landscapes in Canada for over 20 years (p. 44)
Gathered Around Virtual Communities
This issue of Voices of Mexico, co-published by the Center for
Research on North America and the Library Science and
Information Research Institute, was financed with resources
of the PAPIT Program IG300724.
People from the generations who, despite benefiting from information technologies, grew up without computers or Internet are still surprised that our daily lives go hand-in-hand with the digital world. Also surprising is that not only are platforms and apps not part of a “parallel reality,” but many of us actually spend an enormous part of our life in them. In fact, we must become aware of this: the borders between our online and offline activities both blur and intensify. Given this, a group of CISAN and IIBI researchers have developed a collective project starting with the affirmation that virtual communities are, indeed, communities; and where we ask ourselves how collective knowledge is built in them through shared interests, the exchange of ideas and knowledge, dialogue, and even, on occasion, confrontation.“Our voices” / Martínez-Zalce, Graciela, Torres Vargas, Georgina Araceli; From Democracy to Infocracy In Virtual Communities / Ramos Chávez, Alejandro ; Virtual Academic and Metadata Research Communities / Rodríguez García, Ariel Alejandro; The Analysis of Big Data Generated by Digital Communities Ávila Barrientos, Eder; Weaving Information Networks in The Digital World: Virtual Communities As Information Grounds / Mercado-Celis, Alejandro; Digital Community Activism And Impact on Social Tagging Systems / Suárez Sánchez, Adriana; Virtual Communities And Libraries, a Binomial / Cabral Vargas, Brenda; Digital Communities, Part of Evolution / Ramírez Leyva, Elsa Margarita; The CISAN, a Global Community In the Digital World / Manzanera Silva, Norma Aída; Education 4.0: Transforming Learning with Artificial Intelligence / Olguin Hernández, Miriam Esther; Beauty as Identity: The Work of Patricia Álvarez / Velasco Montante, Astrid; Virtual Artistic Communities: Vessels in Time / Enríquez, Giovanna, Illustrations by Karen López Murillo; Working at an Art-Film Theater / Amero, Faride, Illustrations by Amanda Mijangos and Armando Fonseca; Dear Algorithm Poem / Casado, Francisco; Conspiranoia/Sand Poem / García, Francisco; Cuéntame tu historia: Archiving Florida Farmworkers’ Histories / Vargas-Betancourt, Margarita, Cady Stapleton, , Suzanne, Serpa, Hayley, Fernández Guevara, Daniel, Domínguez Alemán, Beatriz; Generating Audiences for Public Television through Virtual Communities / Muñoz Larroa, Argelia; Digital Fandom the nfl’s Transnationalization / Barrón Pastor, Juan Carlos; Digital Inclusion of Senior Citizens Pending on the National Agenda / Hernández Salazar, Patricia; Rest in Pixelated Peace Death And Mourning on Digital Platforms / Hernández Pérez, Jonathan; Diaries, the Original Social Media: The Relationship Between the Diary and Social Media / Maref, Sara Selma.This issue of Voices of Mexico is dedicated to reflecting on this looming reality —not the Matrix, but where our algorithms almost redefine us— in which we have to adapt to technology to not be left behind. With the crosscutting theme of the creation of communities in the socio-digital space, this issue presents a series of articles that analyze a broad spectrum of themes: from the digital inclusion of senior citizens, to academic virtual communities and international groups of football fans; from the ethical use of artificial intelligence to reader communities and the creation of audiences for public television stations; from the discussion of democracy and activism to artistic creation
Lugares
En resumen, buscamos entender los archipiélagos: preguntar cómo quienes los habitan contemplan sus espacialidades y formas topográficas; cómo ven, representan, hablan y escriben o viven la disyuntiva, conexión o entrelazamiento en y entre islas. Al hacerlo, suponemos primero, a priori, para luego mapear la existencia, implicaciones y efectos de las relaciones archipelágicas. (p. 502
Mexico and Canada beyond Politics
Several anniversaries coincide with this issue of Voices of Mexico. Our center is thirty-five years old this year. But, also, it actually officially became the CISAN thirty years ago when it created the first Canadian Studies Area, not only at the unam, but also in Latin America, in response to becoming more familiar with our neighbor further to the north when the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) came into effect. This year, however, we also celebrate eighty years of diplomatic relations between Mexico and Canada, a milestone that was celebrated both by government and academia early this year. How surprised were we when in late February, right after the commemorations, the Canadian government issued a notification that Mexican tourists would now be required to get a visa to travel there, an act that seemed to me to be almost ironic. It is even more surprising that Mexicans with U.S. visas will have priority for getting the Canadian visa, thus excluding many, many from our country who want to travel to Canada (p. 5).Our Voice / Martínez Salce, Graciela; Do We Celebrate or Only Commemorate Eighty Years of Mexican-Canadian
Diplomatic Relations? / Santín Peña, Oliver; Chiaroscuros in the
Celebration of Eighty Years Of Mexico-Canada Relations / Gutiérrez Romero, Elizabeth; Creating a Shared Space for the
Mexico-Canada Relationship Within North America / Guitérrez Haces, María Teresa; Brief Review of the Canadian Economy’s Financialization /Maya, Claudia; Mexico-Quebec Paradiplomatic Relations / Zepeda, Roberto; Being Neighbors with a Colossus
The Case of the Arctic: Climate Change and Geopolitics / Antal, Edit; Dialogues among First Peoples From the Regions Known As Canada and Mexico / Cordero Marines, Liliana; Gender Mainstreaming in Canada and Mexico: Foreign Policy and Childcare / Luccisano, Lucy, Mcdonald, Laura; Can She Help?
Feminism and Skilled Diasporas in North America / Tiagu, Camelia; A “Controversial” Proposal For Canada’s Housing Crisis / Hall, María Cristina; The Transnational Field Of Possibilities: Reweaving Community Across Time and Borders / Encalada Grez, Evelyn, Díaz Mendiburo, Aarón; Anthropocene Effects
Revisiting Land and Water In Canadian and Mexican Art Histories / Sloan, Johanne; The 105th Meridian Project: Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow / Lucott, Claudia, Flores, Ximena; From Canada to Mexico: The Voices of Contemporary Innu Poetry / Silva, Haydée; Living our Languages / Schwab Cartas, Joshua; It all began in the Zona Rosa / Straw, Will; A Mexican-Canadian Writer in Canada Interview with Silvia García Moreno / Martínez-Zalce, Graciela; An Emotional Cartography Of Violence in Mexican-Canadian Fiction: A Reading Proposal / Flores, Mariana; Publishing about Canada, Imperative for Knowing Each Other / Bugeda Bernal, Diego Ignacio; 80 Years of Mexico-Canada
Bilateral Relations. Timeline / CISAN Research Support Team and UNAM’S Student interns.This year, we celebrate eighty years of diplomatic relations between Mexico and Canada, a milestone that was celebrated both by government and academia early this year. How surprised were we when in late February, right after the commemorations, the Canadian government issued a notification that Mexican tourists would now be required to get a visa to travel there, an act that seemed to me to be almost ironic. It is even more surprising that Mexicans with U.S. visas will have priority for getting the Canadian visa, thus excluding many, many from our country who want to travel to Canada. This issue of Voices of Mexico deals with these paradoxes: Mexican and Canadian academics dialogue about the back-and-forth of this bilateral relationship that has flowed intermittently since the middle of the last century, so often in the shadow of our mutual neighbor
Chiaroscuros un the Celebration of Eighty Years of Mexico-Canada Relations
The commemoration of another decade of MexicoCanada relations is transcendental, with many reasons for celebration. Mutual interest in sharing and moving ahead on important issues for both countries is evident. However, it occurs amidst an atmosphere that is a far cry from the promising mood of only a few years ago, when the idea of a more integrated and competitive North America still prevailed. There is no doubt that the Trump administration’s unilateral, protectionist position rarified U.S. bilateral and regional relations with its neighbors. It also affected relations between Mexico and Canada because both adopted measures to protect themselves from Trump’s onslaught, shunting to the background the deepening of the links we are now celebrating. In addition, the sudden outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic in early 2020 was another factor the governments faced, centering all their attention basically on domestic issues even though the emergency was worldwide. They focused their efforts and resources not only on ensuring the health of their citizens, but also on mitigating the many economic and production-related repercussions (such as increased unemployment and growing inflation) that still have not been completely resolved (p. 10)
Living our Languages
Living our Languages exhibit celebrates resilience, resurgence and diversity of Indigenous nations, languages, and cultural lifeways across Turtle Island. This project had four specific objectives, first to bring together Indigenous students, staff and faculty at nscad University (p. 68)
Mapas
En las relaciones que los geógrafos establecen con la literatura, a menudo la atención se centra en los pasajes descriptivos, que supuestamente contienen lo esencial del material geográfico de un relato. Esta descripción topológica limita la mirada de los geógrafos respecto de otras instancias del relato que contribuyen también en la creación de espacios literarios. En consecuencia, se suele privilegiar las obras en las que la descripción de lugares abunda y desatender aquéllas donde la descripción es poca o nula. Fieles a las ideas clásicas según las cuales el tiempo pertenece al relato y el espacio a la descripción, los geógrafos se han interesado más en una manifestación del espacio en la literatura y menos en las diversas formas de espacialidad. Así, en este artículo se examinan los escritos de ficción de Charles Bukowski (1920-1994), cuya obra, pobre en pasajes descriptivos, constituye una espacialidad compleja. A partir del análisis de uno de los temas preferidos de Bukowski —el ser atrapado— se constata que es posible asir el espacio literario en ausencia de descripciones topológicas robustas. (p.469
Mexico-Quebec Paradiplomatic Relations
This article explores and analyzes these relations in the economic, educational, and cultural spheres, among others. It examines their economic dimension, underlining the importance of trade links and bilateral agreements like the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (usmca). This accord, which follows on the North American Free Trade Agreement (nafta), is an institutional framework for the exchange of goods and services. The article also underlines priority sectors of collaboration, as well as its impact on economic development and the regional integration of subnational spaces (p. 19)
Haitian Migrants in Tijuana: Emergence and Consolidation of the First Afro-descendant Community in Northern Mexico
El objetivo de la investigación fue determinar si los migrantes haitianos que arribaron a Tijuana desde 2016 se han establecido permanentemente, y si con esto se ha consolidado la primera comunidad afrodescendiente en el norte de México; para el efecto, se diseñó e implementó una encuesta, así como entrevistas semiestructuradas, encaminadas a captar información respecto al arraigo y a la integración con la comunidad local, medidas a partir de la capacidad para integrarse social y laboralmente, el ejercicio de la cultura propia y la incorporación de elementos de la cultura local, así como la satisfacción con el empleo, el salario y la capacidad e intención de adquirir bienes muebles e inmuebles. El estudio concluye que existen elementos que corroboran la consolidación de la comunidad haitiana y que, con esto, también la ciudad de Tijuana se consolida como una de las ciudades mexicanas con mayor diversidad social y cultural.The objective of this research was to determine whether the Haitian migrants who arrived in Tijuana since 2016 have established themselves permanently and whether this has led to the consolidation of the first Afro-descendant community in northern Mexico. To this end, a survey and semi-structured interviews were designed and implemented to gather information on their settlement and integration with the local community. This was measured by their ability to integrate socially and economically, the practice of their own culture and the incorporation of elements of the local culture, as well as satisfaction with employment, salary, and the capacity and intention to acquire movable and immovable property. The study concludes that there are elements confirming the consolidation of the Haitian community, which also positions Tijuana as one of the Mexican cities with the greatest social and cultural diversity.La comunidad haitiana en Tijuana crece, independientemente de su desplazamiento al vecino país del norte. Los que se quedan se tienen que arraigar y muchos se van integrando. El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar cómo es el proceso de integración y arraigo de esta comunidad migrante, para vislumbrar si su estancia será permanente y con esto consolidar la primera comunidad afrodescendiente en el norte de México, sustentada en el arraigo al territorio y la integración con la población local. Para tal efecto, en la introducción, como contexto, se presentan los datos y características de esta migración a México (destino secundario), destacando su principal causa. Posteriormente, se desarrolla, teóricamente, la relación entre migración, integración y arraigo, buscando la guía para interpretar los resultados de la encuesta y entrevistas. En el siguiente apartado se describe la metodología para la captación de la información. A continuación, se presentan los resultados de la Encuesta sobre arraigo e integración de migrantes haitianos en la frontera norte de México, seguidos de las conclusiones (p. 242)
Breaking Stigmas: Art and Cannabis in North America Vol. 4. Narratives and Music
While cannabis companies profit from low-cost labor and consumers benefit from inexpensive weed products, individuals employed in cannabis workplaces seek to improve workplace protections and reduce stigma around cannabis. This chapter presents voices of five workers with concerns about occupational safety, living earnings and cannabis culture. In fall 2020, cannabis employees were interviewed as part of a study about workplace health concerns and labor unionism in Colorado’s legal cannabis sector during the pandemic. Workers narrated views about insufficient hourly rates of pay, customers who were reluctant to follow Covid-19 safety protocols, companies that refused to pay sick or hazard pay, and labor unionism. Workers’ narratives are described as counter-narratives, providing alternative representations of cannabis from the standpoint of laborers who desire dignity in the workplace and the end to stigma against cannabis. The storytelling approach reveals the transformative power of cannabis to address discriminatory behavior targeted at the cannabis plant and cannabis labor culture. Cannabis advocates and stigma reductionists are encouraged to support improved health conditions and labor unions in cannabis workplaces, while being critical of the global corporatization of cannabis.Si bien las empresas de cannabis se benefician de la mano de obra de bajo costo y los consumidores de los productos de marihuana baratos, las personas empleadas en los lugares de trabajo de cannabis buscan mejorar las protecciones en el centro de trabajo y reducir el estigma en torno a la planta. Este capítulo presenta las voces de cinco trabajadores preocupados por la seguridad laboral, los ingresos dignos y la cultura de la cannabis. En otoño de 2020, se entrevistó a empleados de la cannabis como parte de un estudio sobre problemas de salud en el espacio de trabajo y acerca del sindicalismo en el sector legal de la cannabis en Colorado durante la pandemia. Los trabajadores expresaron sus puntos de vista sobre tarifas de pago por hora insuficientes, clientes que se negaban a seguir los protocolos de seguridad impuestos durante la Covid-19, empresas que se negaban a pagar por enfermedad o riesgos laborales y sobre sindicalismo. Las narrativas de los trabajadores se describen como contranarrativas que brindan representaciones alternativas de la cannabis desde el punto de vista de los trabajadores que desean dignidad en el lugar de trabajo, así como el fin de los estigmas contra la cannabis. El enfoque narrativo revela el poder trasformador de la cannabis para abordar el comportamiento discriminatorio dirigido a la planta y la cultura laboral en torno a ésta. Se alienta a los defensores de la cannabis y a los luchadores contra el estigma a apoyar el impulso de mejores condiciones de salud y la creación de sindicatos, al mismo tiempo que critican la corporativización global de la cannabis.This chapter presents voices of five cannabis workers in Colorado during Covid-19. The discussion is informed by the notion of counter-narratives presented by Leslie Dawson (2020: 92), “As a dominant narrative can outline a widely accepted belief as truth, a counter-narrative can dispute the belief of the dominant narrative and create space for non-dominant community members to make their voices heard.” Cannabis stories from the shopfloor level represent counter-narratives to the pro-business discussions that celebrate the consistent growth of cannabis sales, corporate consolidation, and oligopolistic practices of multi-state operators that amass licenses to limit competition (Title, 2022). Workers’ counter-narratives are imbued with power to promote economic equity in workplaces and address discriminatory behavior targeted at the cannabis plant and cannabis culture (p. 61)