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MLUH-E-378_1, Milvus migrans migrans (Boddaert, 1783), eggshell
No full textInventory No.: MLUH-E-378_1, Object: eggshell, Species: Milvus migrans migrans (Boddaert, 1783), Preservation: complete preservationCollection_coll.: M. Schönwetter, published in Handbuch der Oologie, Schönwetter, Max: Vol. I, p. 156, Identification by: J. Dahlk
MLUH-E-149_3, Circus pygargus (Linnaeus, 1758), eggshell
No full textInventory No.: MLUH-E-149_3, Object: eggshell, Species: Circus pygargus (Linnaeus, 1758), Preservation: good preservation, Locality_loc.: Mark Brandenburg/ Kreis Frankfurt Oder, Locality today: Brandenburg, Country: GermanyDate: ?, Collection_coll.: M. Schönwetter, published in Handbuch der Oologie, Schönwetter, Max: Vol. I, p. 176, Identification by: M. Schönwetter, Aquisition: 1926, Aquired from: Dr. Henrici, ex Collection: ex. Coll. Dr. Henrici, Additional Information: From collection Dr. Henrici Wiesbade
MLUH-E-413_1, Pernis apivorus (Linnaeus, 1758), eggshell
No full textInventory No.: MLUH-E-413_1, Object: eggshell, Species: Pernis apivorus (Linnaeus, 1758), Preservation: complete preservation, Locality_loc.: Berlach bei Gotha, Locality today: Gotha, Country: GermanyCollector_leg.: R. Schleifer, Date: 16/06/1910, Collection_coll.: M. Schönwetter, published in Handbuch der Oologie, Schönwetter, Max: Vol. I, p. 155, Identification by: M. Schönwetter, Aquisition: 1929, Aquired from: R. Schleifer, ex Collection: ex. Coll. R. Schleifer, Additional Information: R. Schleifer (Gotha
MLUH-E-124_1, Falco tinnunculus (Linnaeus, 1758), eggshell
No full textInventory No.: MLUH-E-124_1, Object: eggshell, Species: Falco tinnunculus (Linnaeus, 1758), Preservation: slight damage, Locality_loc.: Ostsibirien Jarkutsk, Locality today: Yakutsk, Country: RussiaCollector_leg.: Dybowski, Collection_coll.: M. Schönwetter, published in Handbuch der Oologie, Schönwetter, Max: Vol. I, p. 192, Identification by: M. Schönwetter, Aquisition: 1910, Aquired from: Dr. Rey, ex Collection: ex. Coll. Dr. Rey; ex. Coll. Dybowski, Additional Information: The label says both Eggs come from Otto Bamberg the catalogue suggests otherwis
Socioeconomic disparities in cognitive impairment, quality of life, and mortality among older adults in Germany
No full textBackground
The global older population is increasing, leading to a rise in non-communicable diseases and disabilities, particularly in Western countries. With the aging population expanding and the number of older adults with cognitive impairments expected to rise, there is increasing interest in understanding the socioeconomic disparities associated with cognitive impairment. This study investigates the relationships between socioeconomic status (SES), cognitive impairment, quality of life, and mortality among older adults in Germany.
Methods
Data from the senior cohort (N = 1,069) of the German Gutenberg Health Study (2017–2024) were analyzed, focusing on older adults aged 75–85 years. Regression modeling with sequential adjustment for covariates was employed to determine the association between various domains of SES (SES index comprising educational background, occupational status, and household net-income) and cognitive impairment (Montreal Cognitive Assessment), quality of life (EUROHIS-QOL), and all-cause mortality.
Results
Cognitive impairment scores varied significantly by SES with higher SES being associated with better cognitive performance. Among the SES domains, the household net-income score was the strongest predictor of cognitive impairment. Likewise, higher SES was significantly associated with higher quality of life, whereas no association between cognitive impairment and quality of life was found. Additionally, cognitive impairment was significantly associated with higher all-cause mortality, whereas SES did not show a significant association with mortality. No significant interactions between SES and cognitive impairment were observed in relation to quality of life or all-cause mortality.
Conclusion
Among older adults, SES is strongly associated with cognitive impairment. However, cognitive impairment emerges as a more significant risk factor for all-cause mortality than SES. These findings suggest the need for public health strategies to prioritize cognitive health monitoring and targeted interventions, while simultaneously addressing social inequalities, to reduce the burden of these adverse outcomes
Three-dimensional thermometry and velocimetry in fluid flows using thermographic phosphor tracer particles
No full textIn turbulent fluid flows, heat and mass transfer are coupled over a wide range of time and length scales. Considering their three-dimensional (3D) nature, their investigation requires simultaneous 3D temperature and velocity measurements. While the latter are readily possible, combined thermometry is difficult. To measure both quantities, several techniques have been developed using seeded tracer particles, for example thermographic phosphors. Due to their thermal and chemical stability, they can be used over a wide temperature range and in various environments.
In this thesis, a technique for instantaneous 3D fluid flow thermometry and velocimetry is developed based on individual seeded phosphor tracer particles (ZnO). Upon volumetric illumination of a flow seeded with these particles using green and UV lasers, both their temperature dependent luminescence emissions and scattered light are recorded from multiple camera perspectives. Each particle acts as a discrete sensor for flow velocity through 3D position tracking and temperature by ratiometric phosphor thermometry. The technique is demonstrated in a turbulent gas jet heated to 433K at a bulk velocity of 34m/s (Re ∼ 4600). After the applicability of the developed technique is proven, the number of discrete 3D measurement points is increased by introducing cutting edge algorithms for processing macroscopic images of microscopic particles. This includes volume self-calibration, iterative particle reconstruction, and Shake-The-Box for camera calibration, 3D particle position reconstruction, and tracking. Eight different image segmentation schemes are explored to retrieve imaged luminescence signals from individual particles for ratiometric phosphor thermometry and a 3D flat field correction is implemented to correct calculated intensity ratios. Single-shot results with a spacing of 900 μm and time-averaged results exceeding 30 points/mm3 are obtained with an estimated temperature precision of 6% and velocity precision of 13%. This technique will be especially useful for investigations of non-isothermal turbulent gas flows and for the validation of simulation submodels.In turbulenten Fluidströmungen sind die Wärme- und Stoffübertragung über viele Zeit- und Längenskalen miteinander gekoppelt. Zu ihrer Untersuchung sind daher gleichzeitige dreidimensionale (3D) Temperatur- und Geschwindigkeitsmessungen erforderlich. Während Letztere mittels einiger partikelbasierter Techniken möglich sind, ist eine gleichzeitige Temperaturmessung herausfordernd. Kürzlich entwickelte Techniken nutzen zur Messung beider Größen spezielle Partikel, wie thermografische Phosphore. Dank hoher thermischer und chemischer Beständigkeit lassen sich diese über einen weiten Temperaturbereich und in vielen Umgebungen einsetzen.
In dieser Arbeit wird eine Technik zur gleichzeitigen 3D-Messung von Strömungstemperatur und
-geschwindigkeit entwickelt, welche auf in die Strömung eingebrachten Phosphor-Partikeln (ZnO) basiert. Nach Beleuchtung mittels grünen und UV Lasern wird die von den Partikeln emittierte temperaturabhängige Lumineszenz und das an ihnen gestreute Licht aus mehreren Kameraperspektiven aufgenommen. Durch die Verfolgung der 3D-Position und ratiometrischer Phosphorthermometrie fungiert jeder Partikel als diskreter Geschwindigkeits- und Temperatursensor. Die Technik wird in einem auf 433K geheizten Gasjet bei einer mittleren Geschwindigkeit von 34m/s (Re ∼ 4600) demonstriert. Anschließend werden neue Algorithmen zur Verarbeitung der makroskopischen Bilder mikroskopischer Partikel eingeführt. Dies umfasst Volume Self-Calibration, Iterative Particle Reconstruction und Shake-The- Box zur Kamerakalibrierung, 3D-Rekonstruktion von Partikelpositionen und ihrer Verfolgung. Zudem werden acht Algorithmen zur Segmentierung einzelner Partikelbilder getestet und ein 3D-Korrekturfeld für die Lumineszenzauswertung eingeführt. Es werden instantane Ergebnisse mit Abständen einzelner Messpunkte von 900 μm und zeitgemittelte Ergebnisse mit mehr als 30 Messpunkten/mm3 mit Messunsicherheiten von 6% (Temperatur) und 13% (Geschwindigkeit) erreicht. Diese Technik wird für Untersuchungen turbulenter und insbesondere nicht-isothermer Gasströmungen und zur Validierung von Simulationsmodellen nützlich sein.Literaturverzeichnis: Seite 187-21
MLUH-E-159_2, Circus aeruginosus aeruginosus (Linnaeus, 1758), eggshell
No full textInventory No.: MLUH-E-159_2, Object: eggshell, Species: Circus aeruginosus aeruginosus (Linnaeus, 1758), Preservation: heavy damage, Locality_loc.: Brandenburg an der Havel, Locality today: Brandenburg an der Havel, Country: GermanyDate: 27/06/1891, Collection_coll.: M. Schönwetter, published in Handbuch der Oologie, Schönwetter, Max: Vol. I, p. 176, Identification by: M. Schönwetter, Aquisition: 1938, Aquired from: Berlin, ex Collection: ex. Coll. Berlin, Additional Information: The 4th egg of this clutch was given 1950 to Gra
Proficiency of green fallow compared to bare fallow, grain legume and cereal pre-crops in a long-term crop rotation
No full textLong-term experiments (LTEs) are an important tool to investigate the effects of crop rotation and fertilization measures under climate change conditions. However, LTEs that integrate fallow management strategies, including green and bare fallow are hardly available in Europe today. The objective of our study is to explore how the integration of green and bare fallow, grain legume and cereal crops in long-term experiments enhances ecosystem resilience under changing climate conditions, to better understand their contributions to sustainable agricultural practices. Therefore, a LTE established in 1982 aimed to study the role of fallow lands (green vs. bare), grain legume and cereal pre-crops on the yields of subsequent cereal crops. The study was conducted within a rotational cropping system and evaluated after at least 10 full crop rotations from 1982 to 2019. The experiment included five different pre-crops (green fallow, bare fallow, field bean, oat, and maize) followed by three years of cereal cultivation (winter wheat, winter rye, spring barley) in combination with four levels of mineral fertilization (unfertilized; PK 50 %; PK 100 % + N 50 %; PK 100 % + N 100 %). The field trial was conducted as a full factorial split plot design, with spatially randomized field repetitions in four blocks. It was found that within the ten crop rotations from 1983 to 2019, the mean relative yields of wheat as the first subsequent crop were significantly higher after green fallow (139 %) than grain legume (field bean)/bare fallow (120 %), maize (100 %) and oat (94 %). A rotational system of green fallow not only enhanced the yield effects of the 1st subsequent crop (winter wheat), but also extended the benefits to the 2nd (winter rye) and 3rd (spring barley) subsequent crops. Further on, green fallow had a synergistic effect of PK 100 % + N 100 % on grain yield of winter wheat when compared to bare fallow, field bean, oat and maize. Green fallow and continuous soil cover with crop residue mulch with mineral fertilizer application improved N cycling and crop productivity by increasing soil N availability in the agroecosystem. A short period of bare fallow led to increase net N mineralization of organic matter compared with cropped lands and increases yield in immediately following crop when water availability is sufficient
MLUH-E-175_1, Accipiter badius dussumieri(Temminck, 1824), eggshell
No full textInventory No.: MLUH-E-175_1, Object: eggshell, Species: Accipiter badius dussumieri(Temminck, 1824), Preservation: complete preservation, Locality_loc.: Jainagur Behar India/Bengalen, Locality today: [Jainagar], Country: IndiaCollector_leg.: C. M. Inglis, Date: 20/04/1895, Collection_coll.: M. Schönwetter, published in Handbuch der Oologie, Schönwetter, Max: Vol. I, p. 159, Identification by: M. Schönwetter, Aquisition: 1920, Aquired from: E. C. S. Baker, ex Collection: ex.Coll. C. M. Inglis; ex. Coll. E. C. S. Bake
MLUH-E-326_1, Aquila heliaca Savigny, 1809, eggshell
No full textInventory No.: MLUH-E-326_1, Object: eggshell, Species: Aquila heliaca Savigny, 1809, Preservation: good preservation, Locality_loc.: Sarepta Südrussland, Locality today: Southern Federal District, Country: RussiaCollector_leg.: F. W. Rückbeil, Date: ?, Collection_coll.: M. Schönwetter, published in Handbuch der Oologie, Schönwetter, Max: Vol. I, p. 171, Identification by: M. Schönwetter, Aquisition: 1916, Aquired from: R. Tancré, ex Collection: ex. Coll. F. W. Rückbeil; ex. Coll. R. Tancr