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Hierarchical Event Descriptor library schema for EEG data annotation
No full textStandardizing terminology to annotate electrophysiological events can improve both computational research and clinical care. Enriching data with standard terms facilitates data exploration, from case studies to mega-analyses. The machine readability of such electrophysiological event annotations is essential for performing automated analyses. The Hierarchical Event Descriptor (HED) framework provides a standard for describing events in neuroscience experiments but does not yet include terms for electrophysiological data features. The Standardized Computer-based Organized Reporting of EEG (SCORE) defines terms for EEG features but is not yet openly available in machine-readable format. This study therefore developed a HED library schema for SCORE: the HED-SCORE library schema. This library schema makes the SCORE terms machine-readable and searchable and extents the standard HED schema with a controlled hierarchical vocabulary to annotate electrophysiological events. We demonstrate that the HED-SCORE library schema can be used to annotate events in EEG data stored in the Brain Imaging Data Structure (BIDS). Clinicians and researchers worldwide can use the HED-SCORE library schema to annotate and compute on human electrophysiological data
Critical events as drivers of infectious diseases : synthetic control analyses of elections and natural disasters
No full textThis thesis examines how critical events — elections and natural disasters — affect the spread of respiratory diseases, focusing on COVID-19 and other infections. Using German district-level data and the Synthetic Control Method, three essays analyze (1) Bavaria's 2020 election, (2) regional elections outside pandemic periods, and (3) the 2021 flood in Western Germany. Results show that both elections and disasters can increase infection rates, depending on timing and context. The findings highlight the need for tailored mitigation strategies during essential events to protect public health while preserving societal functions
MLUH-E-47_1 , Falco eleonorae Géné, 1839, eggshell
No full textInventory No.: MLUH-E-47_1 , Object: eggshell, Species: Falco eleonorae Géné, 1839, Preservation: good preservation, Locality_loc.: Cykladen, Locality today: Cyclades, Country: GreeceCollector_leg.: Dr. T. J. Krüper, Collection_coll.: M. Schönwetter, published in Handbuch der Oologie, Schönwetter, Max: Vol. I, p. 191, Identification by: M. Schönwetter, ex Collection: ex. Coll. Dr. T. J. Krüper, Additional Information: 3; was damaged but repaire
MLUH-E-165_4, Circus aeruginosus aeruginosus (Linnaeus, 1758), eggshell
No full textInventory No.: MLUH-E-165_4, Object: eggshell, Species: Circus aeruginosus aeruginosus (Linnaeus, 1758), Preservation: good preservation, Locality_loc.: Brandenburg an der Havel, Locality today: Brandenburg an der Havel, Country: GermanyCollector_leg.: G. Benke, Date: 27/04/1921, Collection_coll.: M. Schönwetter, published in Handbuch der Oologie, Schönwetter, Max: Vol. I, p. 176, Identification by: M. Schönwetter, Aquisition: 1921, Aquired from: G. Benke, ex Collection: ex. Coll. G. Benke, Additional Information: Was already damage level 3 got further damaged by J. Dahlk
MLUH-E-9_1, Falco peregrinus Tunstall, 1771, eggshell
No full textInventory No.: MLUH-E-9_1, Object: eggshell, Species: Falco peregrinus Tunstall, 1771, Preservation: good preservation, Locality_loc.: Crantock England, Locality today: Crantock, Country: Great BritainCollector_leg.: H. H. V. Christie, Date: 28/04/1930, Collection_coll.: M. Schönwetter, published in Handbuch der Oologie, Schönwetter, Max: Vol. I, p. 189, Identification by: M. Schönwetter, Aquisition: 1937, Aquired from: L. Prvázsay, ex Collection: ex. Coll. L. Prvázsay; ex. Coll. H. H. V. Christi
Microfluidic dithionate reduction : a step forward in effective green chemistry
No full textScientific and medical advancements demand higher compound purity, safer production, and greener methods. For the first time, a detailed investigation of the reduction reaction of 2′,4′,4-trinitrobenzanilide under microfluidic conditions in organic/water solvents was conducted. The study revealed that the heterogeneity of the starting materials significantly affects reaction efficiency. A comparative analysis between microfluidic and conventional batch reactors demonstrated that the microfluidic approach enhances reaction performance, leading to a 5.26-fold increase in product formation per unit time. It was established that the reaction rate is influenced not only by reagent concentrations but also by the dissolution rate of the starting material, particle size, and mixing intensity. The microfluidic system, characterized by improved mass transfer and enhanced energy input, facilitated faster substrate dissolution and reaction kinetics compared to conventional batch methods. Additionally, optimization of reaction parameters resulted in a maximum product yield of 97 % under mild conditions in aqueous solutions (acetone, methanol, or ethanol). These findings highlight the potential of microfluidic technology for sustainable and efficient organic synthesis, aligning with the principles of green chemistry
Discovery of species-specific peptide markers for superseed authentication using targeted LC-MS/MS proteomics
No full textThe increasing popularity of “superseeds” such as flax, sesame, amaranth and quinoa as functional foods raises the need for robust analytical methods for authentication purposes. In this work, a standardized workflow for the extraction, characterization and identification of unique peptides that may be used as markers to distinguish superseed species was investigated. Ammonium bicarbonate/urea (Ambi/urea) extraction, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) buffer and trichloroacetic acid (TCA) precipitation were initially implemented and, based on the level and composition of the extracted proteins, the SDS buffer protocol was selected. Electrophoresis analysis revealed consistent protein profiles between biological replicates from each of the eleven seed species, confirming the reproducibility of the SDS buffer protocol. Targeted mass spectrometry successfully identified species-specific peptide markers for six of eleven superseeds investigated, including peptides from conlinins in flaxseed (WVQQAK), 11S globulins in sesame (LVYIER), oleosin in quinoa (DVGQTIESK), agglutin-like lectins in amaranth (CAGVSVIR), as well as cupin-like proteins in poppy seeds (INIVNSQK) and edestins in hemp seeds (FLQLSAER). Moreover, proteome cross-analysis allowed us to disqualify the isomeric peptide LTALEPTNR from 11S globulins present in amaranth and quinoa. However, no reliable markers were identified for chia, canihua, basil, black cumin, and psyllium seeds under current conditions. While this targeted proteomics approach shows promise for superseed authentication, comprehensive method validation and alternative strategies for marker-deficient species are required before routine implementation
MLUH-E-172_2, Accipiter gentilis gentilis (Linnaeus, 1758), eggshell
No full textInventory No.: MLUH-E-172_2, Object: eggshell, Species: Accipiter gentilis gentilis (Linnaeus, 1758), Preservation: complete preservation, Locality_loc.: Brandenburg an der Havel, Locality today: Brandenburg an der Havel, Country: GermanyCollector_leg.: G. Benke, Date: 01/04/1919, Collection_coll.: M. Schönwetter, published in Handbuch der Oologie, Schönwetter, Max: Vol. I, p. 157, Identification by: M. Schönwetter, Aquisition: 1920, Aquired from: G. Benke, ex Collection: ex. Coll. G. Benk
MLUH-E-225_1, Parabuteo unicinctus harrisi (Audubon, 1837), eggshell
No full textInventory No.: MLUH-E-225_1, Object: eggshell, Species: Parabuteo unicinctus harrisi (Audubon, 1837), Preservation: good preservation, Locality_loc.: Popalota Lee Co. Tex., Locality today: [Texas], Country: USACollector_leg.: J. P., Date: 21/03/1887, Collection_coll.: M. Schönwetter, published in Handbuch der Oologie, Schönwetter, Max: Vol. I, p. 168, Identification by: M. Schönwetter, Aquisition: 1910, Aquired from: Dr. Rey, ex Collection: ex. Coll. J. P.; ex. Coll. Dr. Re
High entropy alloy thin films as efficient spin-orbit torque sources for spintronic memories
No full textHigh entropy alloys (HEAs) containing multiple elements are emerging as advanced materials with enhanced functionalities. However, their use for spintronic applications remains elusive. Here, it is demonstrated that iridium based HEAs, grown by magnetron sputtering at room temperature, can be used as spin Hall layers. These films display highly efficient conversion of charge current into spin current. They also allow for the epitaxial growth of magnetic multilayers with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy as well as synthetic antiferromagnets using a ternary RuAlGa antiferromagnetic coupling layer. It is demonstrated that iridium-based HEAs serve as effective sources of spin-orbit torque, as quantified by spin-torque ferromagnetic resonance and harmonic Hall measurements, enabling current-induced magnetization reversal and domain wall motion. The threshold current density for current-induced magnetization switching is found to be as low as ∼10 MA cm−2 with reproducible deterministic switching, and that domain walls in HEA-based racetracks can be driven at speeds of up to 300 m s−1 at a current density of 65 MA cm−2. These results show that HEAs should be considered for high-performance spintronic applications