share it - The Open Access and Research Data Repository of the University Libraries in Saxony-Anhalt
Not a member yet
91636 research outputs found
Sort by
Multidimensionality of tree communities structure host-parasitoid networks and their phylogenetic composition
Get PDFFraming für sektoriale Bildung – Bindestrich- und Komposita-„Bildungen“
Get PDFDie Pädagogik wird von Moden nicht verschont. In der Didaktik ist zunehmend ein irritierender Sprachgebrauch zu beobachten. Gemeint sind die vielen „Bindestrich-Bildungen“, die nun die vorausgehenden „Bindestrich Erziehungen“ ablösen: Digitale Bildung, Mobilitätsbildung, Sexual(itäts)bildung, Klimabildung, Ernährungsbildung usf. Mit dem Bezug auf Bildung soll offenbar ein Rahmen gesetzt werden, der die Sache, um die es geht, in ihrer Wichtigkeit und Bedeutsamkeit hervorheben und ihr zugleich den Glanz von Solidität und Wissenschaftlichkeit verleihen soll. Man nennt das heute Framing: Ein eigener nobler Rahmen hebt einen mehr oder weniger breiten Sektor von Bildung hervor und verbindet ihn mit einer durch den Bildungsbegriff vorgegebenen Wertung. Durch Framing, durch gezielt gesetzte Bezeichnungen wird versucht, Aufmerksamkeit zu gewinnen, Wahrnehmungen und Meinungen zu lenken und Denkmuster zu installieren. Der Bildungsbegriff wird verwässert und schließlich untauglich für den wissenschaftlichen Gebrauch.„Wer wie wir heute in der fatalen Situation steht, infolge des bedingten Zweifel[s] bereits an der Möglichkeit der Wahrheit, die auch wieder geradezu die Voraussetzung unseres gewohnten verständigen/ verstandesgemäßen Gebrauchs der Wörter und Begriffe ist, nach Mitteln zu fahnden, um die Grenzen des Verstandes Überschreiten zu können, greift nach jedem Strohhalm. Und das Wort 'Widerstreit' schien mir für die Sachlage passend zu sein, da es genau in diesem Sinn als ein 'Kind' dieser Sprachnot verstanden werden kann.” (Ansgar Häußling in einem Brief an Gerold Scholz vom 1.2.2002
Wearables in chronomedicine and interpretation of circadian health
Get PDFWearable devices have gained increasing attention for use in multifunctional applications related to health monitoring, particularly in research of the circadian rhythms of cognitive functions and metabolic processes. In this comprehensive review, we encompass how wearables can be used to study circadian rhythms in health and disease. We highlight the importance of these rhythms as markers of health and well-being and as potential predictors for health outcomes. We focus on the use of wearable technologies in sleep research, circadian medicine, and chronomedicine beyond the circadian domain and emphasize actigraphy as a validated tool for monitoring sleep, activity, and light exposure. We discuss various mathematical methods currently used to analyze actigraphic data, such as parametric and non-parametric approaches, linear, non-linear, and neural network-based methods applied to quantify circadian and non-circadian variability. We also introduce novel actigraphy-derived markers, which can be used as personalized proxies of health status, assisting in discriminating between health and disease, offering insights into neurobehavioral and metabolic status. We discuss how lifestyle factors such as physical activity and light exposure can modulate brain functions and metabolic health. We emphasize the importance of establishing reference standards for actigraphic measures to further refine data interpretation and improve clinical and research outcomes. The review calls for further research to refine existing tools and methods, deepen our understanding of circadian health, and develop personalized healthcare strategies
Genome sizes of grasses (Poaceae), chromosomal evolution, paleogenomics and the ancestral grass karyotype (AGK)
Get PDFGrasses are one of the largest angiosperm families, widespread and economically important. Variation in genome size has functional consequences and is an essential parameter for understanding evolutionary patterns. In this study, we report the nuclear genome sizes (2C values) of 32 species and subspecies from 27 genera of Poaceae, including most of its subfamilies, examined by flow cytometry. Obtained genome sizes were analyzed together with the chromosome numbers to give information on the size of monoploid chromosome sets with the chromosome base number x and the mean chromosome size and then supplemented with the previously published data to obtain a deeper insight into the genome size evolution in grasses. Monoploid genomes of < 0.6 pg/1Cx and chromosomes of < 0.1 pg are presumably characteristic of the subfamilies Arundinoideae, Chloridoideae, Micrairoideae and the Oryzoideae. The larger 1Cx values (1.2–1.8 pg) of the evolutionarily ‘early diverging’ subfamilies Anomochlooideae and Pharoideae are discussed in context with the origin of grasses and the pan-grass whole-genome duplication. The data indicate that the ancestral grass had a monoploid genome of this size, which is less than half the size previously assumed. Genome size data and available chromosome numbers support the concept of the ancestral grass karyotype (AGK) with x = 12. The AGK seems to have been conserved in some grass subfamilies (Bambusoideae, Oryzoideae, Pharoideae, parts of the Pooideae), while the major genome rearrangements are lineage-specific and occurred after the separation of the BOP and the PACMAD clades, i.e. when the diversification of their subfamilies had begun
Cognitive deficits in patients with peripheral vestibular dysfunction
Get PDFBackground and purpose: Previous studies demonstrated cognitive deficits in patients
with peripheral vestibulopathy (PVP) with dysfunction of spatial navigation and orientation,
but also documented cognitive decline in nonspatial abilities. This study evaluates
cognitive deficits in patients with unilateral vestibulopathy (UVP) as well as bilateral vestibulopathy
(BVP) in multiple cognitive domains using common screening tests to reliably
detect these deficits in clinical practice.
Methods: This prospective study compared patients with UVP and BVP to age-and
sex-matched
healthy controls (HC). Tests included the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale
(ADAS), Mini-Mental
Status Examination (MMSE), Trail Making Test Part A and B, Clock
Drawing Task, Executive Interview-25
(EXIT25), Dementia Detection (DemTect), and the
Judgment of Line Orientation (JLO). The Montgomery-Åsberg
Depression Rating Scale
was used to control for depression. Videonystagmography objectively reconfirmed PVP.
The Vertigo Symptoms Scale and the Dizziness Handicap Inventory were used to assess
for symptom severity and restrictions of activities of daily living.
Results: Eighty-one
patients (65 UVP, 16 BVP) were compared to 55 HC. Patients showed
impairment in ADAS, MMSE, DemTect, EXIT25, and JLO. No differences between UVP
and BVP were detected. The relative risk (RR) estimates of developing cognitive deficits
following PVP were increased. The RR for the ADAS was higher in BVP (RR = 4.91, 95%
confidence interval [CI] = 1.87–12.9,
p = 0.001) than in UVP (RR = 3.75, 95% CI = 1.65–8.51,
p = 0.002), but was similar for the MMSE and DemTect between groups.
Conclusions: Patients with PVP showed deficits in multiple cognitive domains including
nonspatial cognitive abilities. Vestibulopathy could be a risk factor for the development
of cognitive impairment
Proteomic analysis of non-muscle invasive and muscle invasive bladder cancer highlights distinct subgroups with metabolic, matrisomal, and immune hallmarks and emphasizes importance of the stromal compartment
Get PDFWe present the proteomic profiling of 79 bladder cancers, including treatment-naïve non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC, n = 17), muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC, n = 51), and neoadjuvant-treated MIBC (n = 11). Proteins were extracted from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded samples and analyzed using data-independent acquisition, yielding >8,000 quantified proteins. MIBC, compared to NMIBC, shows an extracellular matrix (ECM) and immune response signature as well as alteration of the metabolic proteome together with concomitant depletion of proteins involved in cell–cell adhesion and lipid metabolism. Neoadjuvant treatment did not consistently impact the proteome of the residual tumor mass. NMIBC presents two proteomic subgroups that correlate with histological grade and feature signatures of cell adhesion or lipid/DNA metabolism. Treatment-naïve MIBC presents three proteomic subgroups with resemblance to the basal-squamous, stroma-rich, or luminal subtypes and signatures of metabolism, immune functionality, or ECM. The metabolic subgroup presents an immune-depleted microenvironment, whereas the ECM and immune subgroups are enriched for markers of M2-like tumor-associated macrophages and dendritic cells. Markers for natural killer cells are exclusive for the ECM subgroup, and markers for cytotoxic T cells are a hallmark of the immune subgroup. Endogenous proteolysis is increased in MIBC alongside upregulation of matrix metalloproteases, including MMP-14. Genomic panel sequencing yielded the prototypical profile of prevalent FGRF3 alterations in NMIBC and TP53 alterations in MIBC. Tumor–stroma interactions of MIBC were investigated by proteomic analysis of patient-derived xenografts, highlighting specific tumor and stroma contributions to the matrisome and tumor-induced stromal proteome phenotypes. © 2024 The Author(s). The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland
Brücken bauen zwischen kindlicher Alltagswelt und Fachlichkeit – Fachdidaktische Prinzipien als Bezugspunkt für die Planung und Gestaltung von Sachunterricht
Get PDFIm Rahmen meiner Betreuung von Praktika sowie von Reflexionsseminaren zu Schulpraktika an der Universität Erfurt, Fachbereich „Sachunterricht und seine Didaktik/Schulgarten und seine Didaktik“, fiel mir auf, dass es für die Studierenden eine große Herausforderung darstellt, die konkrete methodische Gestaltung des Unterrichts theoretisch zu begründen, theoretisch zu reflektieren und in einen Zusammenhang mit vorangegangenen Planungsschritten zu setzen oder überhaupt verschiedene gestaltungsorientierte unterrichtsmethodische Ideen zu entwickeln. Es bedarf nach meiner Einschätzung eines konzeptionellen, planungsbezogenen Gelenkstücks, das den Studierenden (wie auch Lehrkräften im Allgemeinen) hilft, die Bestimmung der Lernausgangsbedingungen (Alltagswissen der Kinder zur Sache), die sachklärenden Überlegungen (fachliche Wissensbestände zur Sache), die übergeordneten Bildungsziele (normative Dimension) und die unterrichtsmethodischen Überlegungen miteinander zu verknüpfen. Die Frage, der ich in diesem Beitrag nachgehen möchte, lautet, ob/inwieweit fachdidaktische Prinzipien ein solcher integrierender Bezugspunkt für die Unterrichtsplanung und -gestaltung sein können.„Wer wie wir heute in der fatalen Situation steht, infolge des bedingten Zweifel[s] bereits an der Möglichkeit der Wahrheit, die auch wieder geradezu die Voraussetzung unseres gewohnten verständigen/ verstandesgemäßen Gebrauchs der Wörter und Begriffe ist, nach Mitteln zu fahnden, um die Grenzen des Verstandes Überschreiten zu können, greift nach jedem Strohhalm. Und das Wort 'Widerstreit' schien mir für die Sachlage passend zu sein, da es genau in diesem Sinn als ein 'Kind' dieser Sprachnot verstanden werden kann.” (Ansgar Häußling in einem Brief an Gerold Scholz vom 1.2.2002
The role of light and vision in farmed ungulates and implications for their welfare
Get PDFUnderstanding the impact of light on, and how it is perceived by, farm animals is crucial for the design of appropriate, high-welfare housing and management conditions. By considering the animal’s visual needs and adaptive capabilities, future housing and management can allow them to better express their natural behavior. In the past, animal environments have been designed primarily to optimize production output and adjusted to human needs. This emphasis has changed toward a more animal-based focus. However, especially in farmed ungulates, there is still limited knowledge about the impact of light parameters on their physiology, performance, and behavior. This poses the risk of not appropriately assessing the importance of these abilities when the animals interact with their physical environment. Here, we provide an overview of the current state of research on the impact of light parameters on farmed ungulates and their preferences for light settings in the most common farmed ungulate species: pigs, sheep, goats, cattle and horses. We focus on three specific light parameters: photoperiod, illumination, and color. Secondly, we identify gaps of knowledge and emphasize their implications for animal welfare and potential improvement of current animal husbandry environments. There was considerable variation in the number of studies by species and light parameters. A large focus of studies looked at illumination in pigs and color perception in horses. Research on cattle, sheep and goats, seems to be underrepresented in the literature. From a human perspective, we tend to overestimate the importance of color perception and preference, whereas contrast discrimination in combination with illumination intensity and quality seems to be more relevant for ungulate orientation and interaction with their environment. Aside from the importance of other senses and their interaction with vision, we conclude that illumination and photoperiodicity seem to be most relevant for securing the welfare of farm ungulates. These aspects should therefore be given more consideration in indoor housing improvements. Future research emphasis should be given to preference testing studies, as they provide insights into the animals’ motivation for specific light conditions that may further improve their welfare, but also health and performance
Towards sustainable shallow geothermal systems : combined simulation-optimization of borehole heat exchanger fields under uncertainty
No full textThe unbalanced performance of borehole heat exchangers (BHEs) causes subsurface thermal anomalies, reducing geothermal system efficiency and posing environmental risks. To address this, a sequential simulation-optimization framework is proposed to dynamically adjust energy demand distribution among BHEs over long-term operation. Optimized operation plans are refined by integrating monitoring data with model-based simulations. In the following, an embedded model calibration strategy utilizes parameter estimation to improve BHE field optimization. The effectiveness of this approach is demonstrated using a synthetic BHE case with various transient groundwater velocity fluctuation patterns. Finally, a Bayesian inference-based stochastic framework is developed to characterize multiple correlated unknown parameters in a BHE field with heterogeneous subsurface settings and groundwater flow, enhancing the reliability of temperature simulations
Ḥuqūq Muǧtamaʿ al-Mīm wa-ḥurrīyat aḍ-ḍamīr fī Tūnis : mā baina 'l-qawāʿid al-islāmīya wa-'l-ḥuqūq al-fardīya
No full textالكلمات المفاتيح: تونس، الدستور، التشريع، الدين، العلمانيةKeywords: Tunesien, Verfassung, Gesetzgebung, Religion, SäkularismusKeywords: Tunisia, constitution, legislation, religion, secularis