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Financial Accountability Mechanisms in Local Governments in Uganda: a case of Kabale District Local Government
Full text linkThe purpose of the study is to present financial accountability mechanisms in local governments, with reference to Kabale district local government. A cross-sectional research design, which used both quantitative and qualitative approaches to collect and analyze data, was adopted. Both simple random and purposive sampling techniques were used to select 117 respondents from 174 subjects. Questionnaires and personal interviews were used to collect data from respondents. Frequencies and percentages were used to analyze quantitative data, while direct quotes from interviews conducted among key informants formed the basis for qualitative analysis. Quantitative analysis was aided by software for document analysis (SPSS V 20.0). The study found out that service delivery was the most commonly used financial accountability mechanism, followed by financial reporting, expenditure control and budget. The paper therefore, concluded that service delivery is the most used mechanism of financial accountability, though the district’s local budget seemed unclear on reflecting the priorities of the local people. This paper suggests that the local government should ensure that the district’s budget demonstrates community preference; salaries and wages should be paid in accordance with the district’s approved budget; expenditures on development should always be as per the approved budget, and the mode of financial reporting, particularly on liabilities should be standardized
Cassava Biomaterial Innovations for Industry Applications
Full text linkThis is a research article which discusses breakthrough innovations that can spur growth in the modern era industry to realise sustainability and high returns on investments.Breakthrough innovations can spur growth in the modern era industry to realise
sustainability and high returns on investments. Nowadays, biobased innovations for
application in diverse industry sectors are considered as future pillars to counter
resource depletion and ensure positive environmental impacts. Cassava is a strong
flagship biomaterial promoting solution for resource-efficient use and a green
environment. Innovative industrial application of cassava biomaterials enriches
literature, presenting cassava as a versatile and unrivalled crop that is cardinal for
more sustainable environment and biodegradable industrial products. Work on
novel cassava biomaterials, which are low-cost, unexploited and with zero competition
for food supply, are included. Using an integrated sustainable process, it
shows how to indirectly reduce waste streams, through their effective use,
guaranteeing zero carbon footprints and acting as a non-traditional strategy for
equilibrium atmosphere and active packaging systems. Applications of Cassava
biomaterial in food, as food supplements and in packaging systems are also covered
in this chapter
Automated Teller Machines (ATM) Adoption Strategies and Customer Satisfaction in Commercial Banks in Uganda: A Case of Centenary Rural Development Bank Branches in the Central Business District of Kampala
Full text linkThe primary objective of the study was to assess the effect of ATM adoption strategies on customer satisfaction at Centenary Rural Development Bank in Kampala Central Business District. Specifically, the study assessed how perceive ease of use affects customer satisfaction at Centenary Rural Development Bank; established the extent to which perceived usefulness affects customer satisfaction at Centenary Rural Development Bank; and examined the relationship between ATMs adoption strategies and customer satisfaction at Centenary Rural Development Bank. The study used a cross – sectional research design and a mixed research approach (qualitative and quantitative approaches). A sample size of 310 respondents was selected from a study population of 1600 using of Krejcie & Morgan’s table and a response rate of 60% was obtained after distribution of the research instruments. Descriptive analysis was used where frequencies, percentages, mean and standard deviation were used. In addition, Pearson’s correlation and regression analysis were used to analyse the relationship between competitive strategies and life insurance uptake, and to determine the most significant predicator variable among the independent variables respectively. The study findings established: a significant positive relationship between perceived ease of use and customer satisfaction (r = 0.487, N=184, p = 0.000); and a significant positive relationship between perceived usefulness and customer satisfaction (r =0.493, N=184, p = 0.000). The researcher concluded that perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness of ATMs significantly contribute to customer satisfaction at Centenary bank where a positive change in customers’ perception regarding the ease of use and usefulness of ATMs would lead to a positive change in customer satisfaction. The researcher recommended that there should be sensitization of customers on the use of ATM as this will improve the clientele effective understanding on how to use ATM to make transactions, which creates a positive perception regarding the ease of use of ATM and induce customer satisfaction. The researcher also recommended that banks should provide constant security at ATM points, improve on ATM card security measures, install ATMs in more convenient and secure places and re-design ATM system user inter-face to possess more clear direction of inserting the card without try and error method as this will change the customers’ negative perception about the usefulness of ATMs thus, strengthen customer satisfaction
Relationship between water quality and physical conditions of domestic storage tanks supplied by a water utility in a rapidly growing city
Full text linkThis is a research paper discussing findings of domestic water storage tanks are commonly used in urban centres of developing countries such as Uganda to enable reliable access to water.Domestic water storage tanks are commonly used in urban centres of developing countries such as Uganda to enable reliable access to water. However, little work has been done on the conditions of domestic water storage tanks since it is assumed that water received meets the required standards and guidelines for drinking water. In 2015, over 80% of the water quality complaints raised by water utility customers in Kampala were about water from storage tanks. In this study we assessed water quality in, and conditions of, domestic storage tanks, for customers supplied by a water utility from March – August 2017 in Kampala, Uganda. Longitudinal assessment of 372 storage tanks in 6 sampled wards involved a minimum of 6 samples collected from each site in both wet and dry months of 2017. A set of guiding questions was used to establish tank conditions, with a 'yes' or 'no' response and a range of 'low' to 'critical' risk ratings. The study showed that there were three main types of storage tanks: plastic (88%), concrete (7%), and metal (5%). Of these tanks, 84% were elevated, 41% were less than 5 years old, 69% were not cleaned annually, and 88% were covered. There was a statistically significant relationship (p < 0.05) between tank physical conditions and quality of stored water. Wards with unplanned and industrial settlements had the highest number of tanks with contaminated water. The study therefore revealed that the physical conditions and management of domestic water storage tanks have an effect on water quality. This is important information for a water utility as it means that it is not enough to supply safe water if the quality may deteriorate upon storage at the consumer premises. A routine inspection checklist and consumer guidelines for domestic storage tank management are proposed
The Law of Forensics: a proof beyond the shadow of doubt
Full text linkThis book gives an understanding of the application of forensic sciences to the law. It covers the crime scene investigation process, and provides an overview of the various kinds of forensic evidence that may be collected and presented in court. Points out the identification, documentation and collection of physical evidence, including fingerprints, shoe impressions, hair fibers, firearms evidence and questioned documents, It considers biological evidence, including DNA, and tries to analyse the scientific unimpeachablity of DNA, blood spatter and other fluids, forensic anthropology and odontology. Finally, the book engages fire investigation and forensic accounting. It is designed to provide a foundation in the field of criminology who are interested in the use of science and law to solve crime, and considers the impact of television and other media on the field of Forensic Science and the courtroom
Intelligent Design and the African Ontological and Epistemological Aesthetics: a legal philosophical discourse
No full textThis book introduces the controversy over intelligent Design; introducing some closely related views, such as creationism, theistic evolutionism and naturalistic evolutionism. It deals with the relationship of African jurisprudence and the natural sciences as a complex and controversial issue, it introduces many basic concepts used in the African context and African science discussion, and shows how my own approach of the intelligent design debate builds on these. It analyses the basic ideas and logic of design arguments, as well as setting the stage for further analysis and explores the philosophical and Africanised questions raised by the previous authors, with particular focus ion analysing critiques of “designer of the gaps” and “naturalism of the gaps arguments.” It focuses further on the intensions between ID and African theistic evolutionism and further analyses the discussion surrounding the problem of natural evil and design arguments it summarizes the philosophical basis of the fine-tuning argument or the problem of natural evil. However, my purpose is into to provide the deepest analysis of fine-tuning or the problem of natural evil to date, but rather to provide an analysis of the intelligent design movement’s particular design arguments and the structure of thought which underlies them in the African way. For this purpose, it is necessary to examine this design argument from a variety of angles, this will make it impossible to see anew connections and intensions that have into been clear in previous researchers. Furthermore, since the issues are linked advancing the discussion requires understanding all of the central issues surrounding design arguments. The breadth of this book is also necessary to demonstrate how philosophical and African innate ideas influence the discussion and what their role is in relation to the empirical arguments. based on my analysis of the arguments used in this book, I have reached the overarching conclusion that there is no philosophical or Africanized jurisprudential silver bullet that could by itself settle the discussion either for or against ID’s design arguments, though philosophical and Africanized reasons can and do influence our beliefs regarding the history of life, evolution and design, such considerations cannot allow us to wholly bypass discussion of the empirical evidence. Opinions about the designedness (and undesignedness) of the cosmos are in practice formed in a complex interplay of many influences, including empirical, philosophical, theological and psychological factors, among others. (The theological and philosophical side of Intelligent Design is also very important for the movement itself, even though this side of the movement is not mentioned in the CSC’s definition. It is possible that the omission is made for the strategic reason that emphasizing the theological side of ID’s project could make it more difficult to get a hearing for ID’s empirical arguments in the secular media and public schools.) The discussion ion ID often impinges on fundamental theological and philosophical questions regarding the relationship of science and religion, the ultimate character of reality and how beliefs are justified. There are many interesting philosophical issues to analyse in design arguments, and the argument’s logical structure needs to be clarified. The evaluation of the current state of natural science is not necessary for this kind of philosophical work, Philosophical and theological differences strongly influence the different views about the rationality of design arguments, and not acknowledging their important role on all sides would lead to a misleading representation of the debate
Cyber Law in Uganda
No full textCyber law is the law governing the internet and all digital transactions carried out thereon. Cyber law is indeed one of the novel areas of the legal system. This is because internet technology develops at such a rapid pace. Cyber law provides legal protections to people using the internet. This includes both businesses and everyday citizens. Understanding cyber law is of the utmost importance to anyone who uses the internet. Cyber Law has also been referred to as the "law of the internet
Identification of growth stage specific watering thresholds for drought screening in Solanum aethiopicum Shum
Full text linkThis research article was published in Scientific Reports by Nature Research. It is available via DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-58035-1Effective phenotyping for drought resistance is a pre-requisite for identification of modest crop
varieties for farmers. For neglected and underutilized crops such as Solanum aethiopicum Shum
group, no drought screening protocol based on rigorous iterations has been documented. A split-plot
nested treatment structure was arranged in an experiment to identify growth stage-specific watering
thresholds for this crop. Three plant growth stages (main plot; seedling, vegetative and flowering),
watering regime at plant growth stage (2 regimes; well-watered and drought stressed) and day since
last watering at plant growth stage were evaluated for soil moisture content (SMC), leaf wilting
score (LWS), number of green leaves per plant (LPP) and leaf blade width (LBW). Highly significant
differences (p < 0.001) were found at the different plant growth stages, watering regime (WR) within
plant growth stage, and day within WR and plant growth stage. Under drought stress treatment, SMC
declined exponentially at each stage. The earliest leaf wilting, reduction in LPP and LBW were generally
observed at flowering followed by vegetative and slowest at the seedling stage. For future effective
drought phenotyping studies in S. aethiopicum Shum and related crops, we recommend setting
minimum drought stress treatments below 18% SMC at which the LWS is ≥2 at the vegetativeThis study was support by The World Academy of Sciences (TWAS), Grant Number 16-163 RG/BIO/AF/AC_I – FR3240293342 towards equipment for the project titled “Phenotyping water use efficiency in Solanum aethiopicum, Shum Group”. Co-funding was generous provided by the European Union through Forum for Agricultural Research in Africa (FARA) in a project ‘Enhancing nutrition security and incomes through adding value to indigenous vegetables in East and Central Uganda’ (FARA/PAEPARD-CRFII)
Minibus taxis in Kampala's paratransit system: Operations, economics and efficiency
Full text linkThis is a research article on how most cities in sub-Saharan Africa rely for their public transport on paratransit in the form of fourteen- to twenty-seater privately owned and mostly old minibus taxis.Most cities in sub-Saharan Africa rely for their public transport on paratransit in the form of fourteen- to twenty seater privately owned and mostly old minibus taxis. The system is often seen as disorganized, unregulated and inefficient. To assess the accuracy of this picture, we analyzed the operations and economics of Kampala's minibus taxi system and its efficiency from the passengers' and the drivers' perspectives, using ‘floating car data’.
We found that the picture is largely accurate. Our findings suggest the need for moderate transformation: adequate enforcement of regulations, reorganization of ownership, renewal of fleets, and integration of ICT systems to facilitate scheduling, booking and fare collection. This will help to make the system safer, cleaner and more efficient for Kampala commuters and more stable, secure and profitable for the minibus taxi drivers and the mini industries that depend on the
YHWH, His Son and his Spirit: A biblical theology of God
No full textThis is a research article is about how articulation of a biblical theology of God in outline in the hope of making a contribution to shape views of God amongst African Christians through the theological education of clergy.I articulate a biblical theology of God in outline in the hope of making a contribution to shape views of God amongst African Christians through the theological education of clergy. In the OT, YHWH, the God of Israel, is almighty and thus Lord. He is the only God and therefore referred to as the Most High, the true God, the living God, the Lord of Lords and King of kings, and the Lord of the earth. YHWH is also eternal, perfect in knowledge, of unmeasured wisdom, and merciful. This view of God is sustained in the NT. However, the nature of YHWH is implicitly elaborated as a trinity by virtue of YHWH having a son and a spirit who is also a person, which makes both divine persons. But YHWH’s Son and Spirit do not become two Gods besides YHWH for they share his nature and are thus divine in unity with him, i.e., the divinity of YHWH is the divinity of his Son and Spirit. Furthermore, they are not two Gods besides him because they are united with him in his will, purposes, and motivations