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Prevalence and factors associated with sleep disorders among children with cerebral palsy in Uganda; a cross-sectional study
Get PDFThis study determined the prevalence and associated factors of sleep disorders among children aged 2 – 12 years with cerebral palsy in Uganda.Background
Sleep plays a prominent role in the growth and development of children. Children with cerebral palsy (CP) are more prone to sleep disorders (SDs) than their peers. Children with CP, have a higher prevalence of disorders involving; initiation and maintenance of sleep, sleep-wake transition, excessive sleepiness and arousal. These sleep disorders impact on the quality of life of these children. Despite, having a high prevalence of CP in Uganda, there is a paucity of data that focuses on sleep disorders in CP, including a lack of prevalence estimates of sleep breathing disorder (SBD) in CP. Understanding the prevalence and disorders of sleep within this population would help advise on the development of tailored interventions to address the needs of these children and improve their quality of life. This study determined the prevalence and associated factors of sleep disorders among children aged 2 – 12 years with cerebral palsy in Uganda.
Methods
This was a cross sectional study. All participants had a physical examination and screening with the Sleep Disturbances Scale for Children (SDSC) questionnaire to determine the prevalence of sleeps disorders. A total score (TS) ≥ 51 on the Sleep Disturbances Scale for Children was regarded as abnormal.
Results
A total of 135 participants were recruited. The prevalence of sleep disorders was 43/135 (32%) with 95% CI: (24.0-39.7). The most common type of sleep disorders was a disorder of initiating and maintaining sleep 37(27%). The factors associated with sleep disorders among children with cerebral palsy were bilateral spasticity (p = 0.004); OR:(95%CI), 11.193: (2.1 – 59.0), lowest levels of gross motor function V (p = < 0.001); OR:(95%CI), 13.182: (3.7 – 47.0) or IV (p = 0.007); OR:(95%CI), 12.921: (2.0 – 82.3), lowest level of manual ability V (p = 0.004); OR:(95%CI), 11.162: (2.2 – 56.4) and presence of epilepsy (p = 0.011); OR:(95%CI), 3.865: (1.4 – 10.9).
Conclusions
The prevalence of sleep disorders among children with cerebral palsy in Uganda is high. Severe disability and presence of epilepsy were associated with sleep disorders among children with cerebral palsy
Cholera outbreak caused by drinking contaminated water from a lakeshore water collection site, Kasese District, south-western Uganda, June-July 2015
Get PDFThe study investigated this outbreak to identify the mode of transmission and to recommend control measures of cholera.On 20 June 2015, a cholera outbreak affecting more than 30 people was reported in a fishing village, Katwe, in Kasese District, south-western Uganda. We investigated this outbreak to identify the mode of transmission and to recommend control measures. We defined a suspected case as onset of acute watery diarrhoea between 1 June and 15 July 2015 in a resident of Katwe village; a confirmed case was a suspected case with Vibrio cholera cultured from stool. For case finding, we reviewed medical records and actively searched for cases in the community. In a case-control investigation we compared exposure histories of 32 suspected case-persons and 128 age-matched controls. We also conducted an environmental assessment on how the exposures had occurred. We found 61 suspected cases (attack rate = 4.9/1000) during this outbreak, of which eight were confirmed. The primary case-person had onset on 16 June; afterwards cases sharply increased, peaked on 19 June, and rapidly declined afterwards. After 22 June, eight scattered cases occurred. The case-control investigation showed that 97% (31/32) of cases and 62% (79/128) of controls usually collected water from inside a water-collection site ªXº (ORM-H = 16; 95% CI = 2.4±107). The primary case-person who developed symptoms while fishing, reportedly came ashore in the early morning hours on 17 June, and defecated ªnearº water-collection site X. We concluded that this cholera outbreak was caused by drinking lake water collected from inside the lakeshore water-collection site X. At our recommendations, the village administration provided water chlorination tablets to the villagers, issued water boiling advisory to the villagers, rigorously disinfected all patients' faeces and, three weeks later, fixed the tap-water system
Callus Induction and Plant Regeneration from Immature Embryos of Sweet Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor Moench)
Get PDFThis study sought to establish the effect of genotype and auxin concentration on callus induction from different sweet sorghum genotypesBackground and Objective: Regeneration of plant through tissue culture technique is a critical process in transformation of plants. This study sought to establish the effect of genotype and auxin concentration on callus induction from different sweet sorghum genotypes (IESV92008DL, IESV92001DL, IESV92021DL, ICSV700 and ICSV93048). Materials and Methods: In this study, MS medium supplemented with five levels of the hormone 2,4-D (0, 1, 2, 4 and 6 mg LG1) to assess the effect of the hormone 2,4-D on callus induction and regeneration was used. Results: The highest callus induction frequency was observed at 2 mg LG1 2,4-D for all the genotypes, IESV92008 gave the highest callus induction frequency among all the genotypes at 2 mg LG1 2,4-D. The lowest callus induction frequency was observed 0 and 6 mg LG1 for all the genotypes, the two genotypes ICSV700 and IESV92021 were observed to give the lowest callus induction frequency among all the genotypes used in this study. Embryogenic callus induction frequency was observed to be higher at 2 mg LG1 2,4-D and the genotype IESV92008 gave the highest callus induction frequency among all the genotypes used. Induction of shoots was achieved in MS medium supplemented with 3 mg LG1 6BA and 1 mg LG1 IAA, the highest regeneration efficiency was obtained from the three genotypes ICSV93048, IESV92008 and IESV92001, respectively. Conclusion: This study discovers the importance of the auxin 2,4-D on callus induction and regeneration of sweet sorghum and this will help the researcher to develop protocols for transformation of sweet sorghum
Love of Reading Local Languages
Get PDFThis is a working paper Presented at Creative Commons Content Creation Symposium June, 2018. Uganda Christian UniversityThis a paper presentation about the Love of Reading Local Language
One-On-One Riddling Approaches to Local Languages and Literature Revitalization In Uganda
Get PDFThis is a Conference Paper on One-On-One Riddling Approaches to Local Languages and Literature Revitalization in UgandaThe gains and challenges in fulfilling the Asmara 2000 declarations on African Languages and Literatures have shown that individuals are the key to sustainable revitalization. Using riddling approaches, the author has brought Lusoga from the doldrums of an endangered language to the realms of vitality in Uganda. Riddling constructs words, acts and thoughts of individuals into collective knowledge for the general good of society. By sidelining policies that put national budgets above the interests of people, he high costs anticipated in undertaking any substantial language development program have been superseded Through individual efforts, over 100,000 artifacts have been documented in the past 15 years, making Lusoga Language and Literature readable, researchable and examinable in Schools. Proving that, regimes needed more individuals than money to promote mother tongues; and the removal of national and official language policies that hinder the use and development of local languages
The Maama & Family Project-A Maternal and Newborn Health Project in Mayuge District
No full textSave The Mother Conference and Reunion Presentations, 2018This presentation aims at improving maternal and new-born health outcomes in Mayuge district, working with the local community to enhance their own health, Training community health workers (CHW), Reducing infections and increase antenatal attendance through the distribution of birth kits.
Background: The Mama & Family Project follows a joint statement by WHO and UNICEF that recommends a home visit strategy to reduce newborn deaths. Founded in 2014 in a collaboration between UDHA and SOGH, the Mama & Family Project was implemented at Maina health centre, Mayuge District to increase access to health care services for mothers and newborns in the project catchment area. Objective The project aims at lowering maternal and newborn mortality, increasing the knowledge of maternal and newborn health as well as the uptake of health services such as antenatal care visits and facility based deliveries.
Methods: The project is based on a community model of two prenatal and three postnatal home visits tested and evaluated by the Uganda Newborn Study (UNEST) conducted in Iganga and Mayuge districts. Community Health Workers (CHWs) identify pregnant women in the community and provide two prenatal and three postnatal home visits (on days 1, 3 and 7 after birth). During these visits, the CHW provides counselling on safe newborn care practices and family planning. They also identify low birth weight babies and provide referrals to nearby health facilities. In addition, to promote hygienic practices during birth, single-use birth kits (Maama kits) containing two pairs of sterile gloves, cotton wool, sterile blade, a preparation sheet, a plastic sheet, soap, cord tires and a new child growth and postnatal clinic card. These kits are given to the pregnant women on their fourth antenatal visit, acting as an incentive for the women to attend ANC four times.
Results: During the first three years the project has reached over 2000 pregnant women within the project catchment area and employed 12 community health workers. The number of women who attend antenatal care visits has also doubled.
Conclusion: Empowering local community members, in particular women, to become change leaders in their villages, has led to improved maternal and newborn outcomes.Uganda Development and Health Associates (UDHA
Factors contributing to measles transmission during an outbreak in Kamwenge District, Western Uganda, April to August 2015
Get PDFThis article discusses in April 2015, Kamwenge District, western Uganda reported a measles outbreak. We investigated the outbreak to identify potential exposures that facilitated measles transmission, assess vaccine effectiveness (VE) and vaccination coverage (VC), and recommend prevention and control measures.Background: In April 2015, Kamwenge District, western Uganda reported a measles outbreak. We investigated the outbreak to identify potential exposures that facilitated measles transmission, assess vaccine effectiveness (VE) and vaccination coverage (VC), and recommend prevention and control measures.
Methods: For this investigation, a probable case was defined as onset of fever and generalized maculopapular rash, plus ≥1 of the following symptoms: Coryza, conjunctivitis, or cough. A confirmed case was defined as a probable case plus identification of measles-specific IgM in serum. For case-finding, we reviewed patients’ medical records and conducted in-home patient examination. In a case-control study, we compared exposures of case-patients Nand controls matched by age and village of residence. For children aged 9 m-5y, we estimated VC using the percent of children among the controls who had been vaccinated against measles, and calculated VE using the formula, VE = 1 - ORM-H, where ORM-H was the Mantel-Haenszel odds ratio associated with having a measles vaccination history.
Results: We identified 213 probable cases with onset between April and August, 2015. Of 23 blood specimens collected, 78% were positive for measles-specific IgM. Measles attack rate was highest in the youngest age-group,
0-5y (13/10,000), and decreased as age increased. The epidemic curve indicated sustained propagation in the community. Of the 50 case-patients and 200 controls, 42% of case-patients and 12% of controls visited health centers during their likely exposure period (ORM-H = 6.1; 95% CI = 2.7–14). Among children aged 9 m-5y, VE was estimated at 70% (95% CI: 24–88%), and VC at 75% (95% CI: 67–83%). Excessive crowding was observed at all health centers; no patient triage-system existed.
Conclusions: The spread of measles during this outbreak was facilitated by patient mixing at crowded health centers, suboptimal VE and inadequate VC. We recommended emergency immunization campaign targeting children <5y in the affected sub-counties, as well as triaging and isolation of febrile or rash patients visiting health centers
“Working against corruption tendencies; a personal responsibility for Christians or individual responsibility? (“Okulwanyisa obuli bwenguzi, buvunanyizibwa bwani ani?”)
Get PDFBefore we talk of fighting corruption we must first know what it is and what it is capable of doing to us as individuals and our society, so that we can seek for ways of working together against it.Before we talk of fighting corruption we must first know what it is and what it is capable of doing to us as individuals and our society, so that we can seek for ways of working together against it. First of all corruption is a silent and slow but sure mover. It begins with small words, small actions and sometimes with small people; in small places and utilizing small occasions with little pressure. As it gains ground on an individual, it begins to creep towards bigger people and places, this time using bigger words and actions until it infects others and their workplaces. The biblical ethical dilemma expressed in Pro.29:2 about corruption seems to be accusing leaders and exonerating the subjects, but corruption is inherent in all of us with the potential to destroy character, not only of the corrupt individual but also of the person it is aimed at, and will only surface when opportunities come. It is therefore a cross cutting vice. So what is corruption
Erinnya lyo gwe ani?
No full textThis is a storybook teaching children how to pronounce their names.This is a storybook teaching children how to pronounce their names
Building Responsive Communities to Maternal and Child Health–Multi Disciplinary Approach
Get PDFKeynote Address, Save The Mother Conference and Reunion Presentations, 2018.Keynote address of save the mothers reunion conference by Dr. Musinguzi Jotham is a Public Health Physician and an advocate for inclusion of reproductive health and HIV/AIDS on the international development agenda. Currently, he is the Director General of the National Population Council. He worked with PPDA as the Africa Regional Director. Dr. Musinguzi is a