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Stigma gets in my way: Factors affecting client-provider communication regarding child bearing among people living with HIV in Uganda
Get PDFThe study explored client-provider communication about childbearing and safer conception among HIV clients in Uganda.Introduction
Many HIV-affected couples living in sub-Saharan Africa desire to have children, but few quantitative studies have examined support for their childbearing needs. Our study explored client-provider communication about childbearing and safer conception among HIV clients in Uganda.
Methods
400 Ugandan HIV clients in committed relationships and with intentions to conceive were surveyed. Knowledge, attitudes and practices related to childbearing, and use of safer conception methods were assessed, including communication with providers about childbearing needs, the correlates of which were examined with bivariate statistics and logistic multivariate analysis.
Results
75% of the sample was female; 61% were on antiretroviral therapy; and 61% had HIV-negative or unknown status partners. Nearly all (98%) reported the desire to discuss childbearing intentions with their HIV provider; however, only 44% reported such discussions, the minority
(28%) of which was initiated by the provider. Issues discussed with HIV providers included: HIV transmission risk to partner (30%), HIV transmission risk to child (30%), and how to prevent transmission to the child (27%); only 8% discussed safer conception methods.
Regression analysis showed that those who had communicated with providers about childbearing were more likely to have been diagnosed with HIV for a longer period [OR (95% CI) = 1.09 (1.03, 1.15)], while greater internalized childbearing stigma was associated with lower odds of this communication [OR (95% CI) = 0.70 (0.49, 0.99)], after controlling for all bivariate correlates and basic demographics.
Conclusions
Communication between HIV clients and providers about childbearing needs is poor and associated with stigma. Innovations to mitigate stigma among clients as well as training to improve health worker communication and skills related to safer conception counseling is needed
Piloting a Developmental Screening Tool Adapted for East African Children
Get PDFThe study is about Piloting a Developmental Screening Tool Adapted for East African ChildrenThere is a need for developmental screening that is easily administered in resource-poor settings. We hypothesized that known risk factors would predict failed developmental screening on an adapted screening tool in East African children living in poverty. The sample included 100 healthy Ugandan children aged 6–59 months. We adapted a parent-reported developmental screener based on the Child Development Review chart. The primary outcome was failure to meet age-appropriate milestones for any developmental domain. Venous blood was analyzed for lead, and caregivers completed a demographics questionnaire. We used multivariate logistic regression models to determine if elevated blood lead and stunting predicted failure on the screener, controlling for maternal education level, age in months past the lower bound of the child’s developmental age group, and absence of home electricity. In the sample, 14% (n = 14) of children failed one or more milestones on the screener. Lead levels or stunting did not predict failing the screener after controlling for covariates. Though this tool was feasibly administered, it did not demonstrate preliminary construct validity and is not yet recommended for screening in high-risk populations. Future research should include a larger sample size and cognitive interviews to ensure it is contextually relevant
Symbolism in Robert Serumaga play, The Elephants
Get PDFThis is a report from the Symbolism in Robert Serumaga play, The ElephantsSerumaga’s play, The Elephants uses intensive alchemical symbolism of Fire, Water, Air, Earth, Sulfur, Mercury, and Salt to depict the conflicts and changes in post-independent Uganda of June 1969. The two act play shows individuation happening in the lives of the seven characters in four main alchemist stages of transformation: blackening, whitening, yellowing, and reddening. For instance, Jenny, an American Peace Corps volunteer from a wealthy family comes to Uganda in search of her Self-worth. She gets into numerous erotic relationships, the latest one being a marriage proposal to Maurice, a refugee, and David’s longtime friend, formerly a philosophy student turned painter. David, the philosopher stone, rejuvenates Maurice who in turn rejuvenates Jenny against the envy of the fiery Richard, an American literary research fellow. The suffering of both David and Maurice does not kill their hope as their moods swing between optimism and pessimism, sanity and insanity, productivity and unproductivity, learning and unlearning. This mercuric life force overcomes the hurting truth condensed over their six years together. Once the news about his dead relatives is broken, Maurice splits from David like the spider-lily leaves, leaving both men mad. The Elephant symbolizes an urge to move, love, transform, and possess. This is the riddle of the post-World War II and post-colonial, post-independent states like Uganda. Mingling with the Wild West, Makerere University produces academic layabouts that roam with the rest of the world; as the doctors and nurses, turn Mulago Hospital and their patients into permanent casualties
Damu olabe!
Get PDFThis is a story of being careful and watchful whenever they send you somewhere.This is a story of being careful and watchful whenever they send you somewhere
Stalk-eyed fly, Diopsis sp. population dynamics under varying temperature and Relative Humidity in rice ecosystems
Get PDFThis study was carried out to assess the stalk-eyed fly population dynamics under varying temperature and relative humidity in rice ecosystems of Uganda.Although the stalk-eyed fly (Diopsis sp.) has been observed in Ugandan rice fields, there is limited information on the fly’s population and its potential threat to rice production. This study assessed the stalk-eyed fly (Diopsis longicornis and Diopsis apicalis) population dynamics under varying temperature and relative humidity in rice ecosystems of Uganda. It was conducted in purposively selected small scale rice farming sub-counties in low land rain fed and irrigated rice agro-ecologies (Lake Victoria Crescent, Kasese transition zone and Northern moist farmlands). Diopsis sp. populations were monitored by sampling rice fields every 40 days for a period of 17 months. Weather parameters including air temperature and humidity were recorded by use of data loggers throughout the study period. R-statistical tool and MS Excel were used to assess the population dynamics and interactions of the diopsids. D. longicornis fly was dominantly abundant in rice fields of Lake Victoria Crescent and Northern Moist zones while D. apicalis was dominant in Kasese transition zone. There was significant mean count variations per survey for both species in all the agro-ecological zones with P-values of 0.000958 (D. longicornis) and 1.12e-12 (D. apicalis) in Lake Victoria crescent, 0.000473 (D. apicalis) and 0.0173 (D. longicornis) in Northern moist farmlands, 0.0188 (D. apicalis) and 0.0353 (D. longicornis) in Kasese transition zone. Temperature and relative humidity had a direct effect on the population of both species in Northern moist zone and only on D. apicalis in Kasese transition zone. The optimum/favorable temperatures for abundance were between 27oC and 29oC. Interpretation of the results? Integrated pest management strategies and introduction of improved Diopsis pest resistant rice varieties are some of the recommendations for managing the stalk-eyed fly populations in these rice ecosystems
A study of the portrayal of virginity in Ugandan novels
Get PDFThis paper examines the portrayal of virginity in Akiki K. Nyabongo’s, Africa Answers Back (1936), Mary Okurut’s Invisible Weevil (1998) and Jane Bakaluba’s Honeymoon for Three (1975). The study analyzes the place of virginity in African traditional marriage.This paper examines the portrayal of virginity in Akiki K. Nyabongo’s, Africa Answers Back (1936), Mary Okurut’s Invisible Weevil (1998) and Jane Bakaluba’s Honeymoon for Three (1975). The study analyzes the place of virginity in African traditional marriage. The girls are trained by the elder mothers and aunts to remain a virgin until their wedding night. In Africa, virginity is highly valued that even if one is not a virgin, one is better off to pretend in order to avoid embarrassment. This study has used a qualitative content analysis of three Ugandan novels to unfold subjective interpretation of the text data preceded by identification of the themes and the main characters. Qualitative content analysis has guided us to investigate how important virginity is in African traditional marriage. This study found out that in African traditional marriage, virginity is one of the core values that are cherished because it brings stability and harmony into marriage. Africans believe that if a girl has been faithful before her wedding she will remain faithful even in her marriage. Premarital sex is horrible because it steals the woman’s virginity and destroys the foundation of upcoming marriage
Wakaima, Wampiti ni Wambuzi
Get PDFThis is a children's story book.This is a children's story narrated about diferent animals that is; Hare, Hyena, Goat and Ghee. And how these animals used to treat each other
Management structure as a factor of performance of Solid Waste Management projects in African municipalities: A case of Bushenyi-Ishaka Municipality, Western Uganda
Get PDFThis study was aimed at understanding how management structure has influenced the performance of a SWM project in Bushenyi-Ishaka Municipality.Solid waste production is growing exponentially, with stronger trends in developing countries. Uganda is facing rapid urbanization that offers not only new social and economic opportunities, but also more pronounced challenges, including waste management which is not coping with the population growth. Despite the financial support given towards solid waste management (SWM), there appears to be no apparent change. With a population growth of 4.8% per annum, the Bushenyi municipal waste problem is expected to worsen in future if its management is not taken seriously. This study was aimed at understanding how management structure has
influenced the performance of a SWM project in Bushenyi-Ishaka Municipality. A mixed-method approach involving both quantitative and qualitative methods was employed in the study. The quantitative approach focused on counting and classifying features to explain what was observed, while the qualitative method, majorly Focus Group Discussions (FGDs), was used to provide a complete and detailed description of the existing situation in three Divisions of Bushenyi-Ishaka Municipality. The study showed that the project management structure does not provide adequate and equitable representation for each of the participating stakeholders at different levels of the project for the day-to-day activities and supervisory roles. It is evident that low resource input is partly contributing to the 27% performance of the Solid Waste Management project. SWM should be implemented with a dedicated management structure with adequate and well-skilled personnel for supervision and monitoring. In addition, the budget for municipal solid waste management should be increased to enable the municipal authority to fund the projects effectively
Targeted Interpersonal Communication for Adolescent Girls and Young Women for Integrated Maternal Health Services in Uganda: Evidence from DREAMS Project 2016-2017
No full textSave The Mother Conference and Reunion Presentations, 2018.Background Uganda has the highest population of young people below 18 years in the world. Among these adolescents, contraceptive use is still low at 11% compared to the unmet need (30.4%) for family planning services. This increases the risk of HIV transmission as well as unwanted teenage pregnancies. Uganda embraced the Determined, Resilient, Empowered, AIDSfree, Mentored, and Safe women (DREAMS) initiative together with implementing partners to address the these challenges.
Objective: Within the DREAMS initiative, USAID/Communication for Health Communities (CHC) focuses on the provision of technical support and spearheading Social Behavioural Change Communication Interventions (SBCC).
Methods: CHC supported development of participatory health communication materials and tools and the training of peers on communication skills. CHC worked with village health teams, girl mentors, and implementing partners to reach these adolescents using an integrated IPC approach which included home visits, one-on-one dialogues, small group discussions, and youth bashes. During the intervention, we provided information, motivation and referral to HIV, family planning and other reproductive health services.
Results: A total of 16,732 adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) were reached during IPC activities between April 2016 and December 2017. A total of 96,975 AGYWs received HIV testing tested during the project implementation July 2016 to June 2017. The positivity rate reduced from 3% to 2% for AGs and 6% to 5 % for YWs. This was attributed to the HIV prevention packages offered and SBCC pro-health behaviours of condom use and reduction in multiple concurrent partners. Female condom usage increased by 20% among AGs and by 95% among YWs.
Conclusion: Interpersonal communication was key in promoting behavioural change for the adolescent girls and young women in the DREAMS initiative.USAID/Communication for Healthy Communities (CHC
How to manage conflict in a Library work place.
Get PDFThis is a review paper discussing the element of conflict, which is part and parcel of a relationship. Every hour or day, human beings are confronted with cases of conflict.Conflict is a scenario where discrepancy in values, attitudes and power rise to a contention and opposition between two or more parties. This is due to increased emphasis on participation, innovation, teamwork, diversity and creativity in an environment which has an extraordinary competition. Pondy (1967: 891) defined conflict as the process which starts from when one group detect that another has blighted or is about to discontent; then, some concern is raised.
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The increasing roles, assumptions and enticements, which creates ambivalence and dilemma. Conflict can result into calamitous consequences for teams, institutions and individuals. However, it can be profitable to the institution. This means that the leading managers/ employers and team members should know how to resolve and manage conflict in a way that becomes a steering force for change and achieving the institution’s goals. Nelson and Quick (2006: 422) identified the capacity to manage conflict with demonstrative intelligence. Any employer with high levels of enthusiastic intelligence is able to control his/her emotions. He/she must be able to understand the variance perspectives that people bring to a situation and can accelerate or assist the search for a common ground.
The introduction to autonomous team work in a University library environment locates the burden or authority of conflict resolution enduringly in the hands of a work team. Members in the library team must learn how to identify conflict and assign with it instantly and directly. Conflict has a number of problems raised for many work teams, which raise a need for actual / accurate training of team members to have a resolution