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Impact of Childhood Onset Psoriasis on Addictive Behaviours, Socioeconomic and Educational Data in Adulthood
No full textInternational audiencePaediatric psoriasis has been associated with school absenteeism, limitation of physical activities, psychiatric disorders and, in the longer term, with sexual dysfunction and addictions. This raises the hypothesis that childhood onset psoriasis may affect patients' educational development, and further social and professional outcomes. This study evaluated the relationship between childhood onset psoriasis and patients' educational and socioeconomic characteristics, and the development of addictions in adulthood. This cross-sectional ancillary study captured patients' characteristics at baseline in the French PSOBIOTEQ registry. Data in adulthood included: educational (baccalaureate) and socioeconomic (working activity) groups, smoking status (self-reporting of being a current smoker vs past smoker or non-smoker), alcohol consumption (defined as at least 1 glass of alcoholic beverage per day), and living conditions (alone/family/social institutions; child at home). A total of 1,960 patients were included, of whom 26.2% had childhood onset psoriasis. In multivariate analyses, childhood onset psoriasis was associated with smoker status (p = 0.02). No association was observed with educational level, working activity, living conditions, or alcohol consumption. This study provides reassuring data overall with regard to the impact of childhood onset psoriasis on major social outcomes. Evidence for some association with addictive behaviours paves the way for larger prospective studies assessing in depth the social and educational impact of this disease
Alpha haemoglobin‐stabilising protein concentration in the red blood cells of patients with sickle cell anaemia with and without hydroxycarbamide treatment
No full textInternational audienceAlpha haemoglobin-stabilising protein (AHSP) is a key chaperone synthesised in red blood cell (RBC) precursors. Many studies have reported AHSP as a potential biomarker of various diseases. AHSP gene expression has been studied in detail, but little is known about AHSP protein levels in RBCs. We investigated the AHSP concentration of RBC lysates from control subjects (n = 10) and patients with sickle cell anaemia (SCA) with (n = 10) and without (n = 12) hydroxycarbamide (HC) treatment, to evaluate the clinical relevance of AHSP in SCA. We developed a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method, with which we were able, for the first time, to determine the mean AHSP concentration in control RBC lysates (0·82 µg/ml). The AHSP concentration (2·23 µg/ml) was significantly higher in untreated patients with the SS genotype than in controls. The AHSP concentration decreased significantly on HC treatment (1·50 µg/ml) but remained significantly higher than that in controls. A strong positive correlation was observed between the AHSP concentration and the α-haemoglobin pool with the three groups of subjects pooled into a single group. Our present findings indicate that AHSP concentration can be considered a candidate biomarker for monitoring HC responses in patients with SCA and suggest a role for AHSP in various RBC diseases
Kid's Digital lives in Covid-19 Times (KiDiCoTi) - Les pratiques numériques des 11-18 ans pendant la crise de Covid 19 au printemps 2020 - Rapport de l'étude quantitative FRANCE
No full textTravailleur du savoir et risque d'intolérance sensorielle lié à l'interaction homme-machine intelligente
No full textLa transformation digitale des organisations, caractérisée par l'usage généralisé de l'intelligence artificielle, via des algorithmes et des machines numériques, libère l'homme des tâches répétitives et crée le travailleur du savoir. Le profil de ce travailleur est une source de gains de productivité, lorsqu'il réduit le risque d'intolérance sensorielle lié au travail digital auquel il est exposé, améliore la concentration et la créativité en établissant plus d'harmonie esthétique que cognitive entre le travailleur et la machine intelligente
Rapport du haut comité juridique de la Place financière de Paris sur « L'adaptation de la gouvernance des sociétés en valorisant l'expérience de la crise sanitaire »
No full textInternational audienceHaut Comité Juridique de la Place Financière de Paris, « L'adaptation de la gouvernance des sociétés en valorisant l'expérience de la crise sanitaire », rapport du groupe de travail coprésidé par M. A. Couret, professeur émérite de l'Université Paris I Panthéon Sorbonne et avocat associé, KPMG avocats, et par Mme A. Outin-Adam, ex-Directrice des politiques juridiques et économiques de la CCI Paris Île de France, 30 mars 2022, RA47
Orchestrating Innovation Ecosystems: Dynamic Capabilities in the Medtech Industry
No full textInternational audienceInnovation ecosystems have been increasingly studied in the past few years. Previous research focused on the orchestration of innovation ecosystems and the diverse activities needed to maintain an ecosystem over time. However, few scholars studied the capabilities required to carry out orchestration activities. Drawing on the dynamic capabilities framework, we seek to understand how dynamic capabilities support orchestration activities in innovation ecosystems. Our single case study of an innovation ecosystem in the Medtech industry reveals that orchestration activities can be shared among several ecosystem actors and can be associated with sensing, seizing, and reconfiguring dynamic capabilities. By doing so, we contribute to the literature on innovation ecosystem orchestration. Our findings also point out the importance of historical and subjective time when studying dynamic phenomena. This complements recent research that views collective memory and history as valuable dynamic capabilities. We conclude by suggesting a rethinking of the dynamic capabilities framework to embrace the dynamic and heterogeneous nature of innovation ecosystems
Apport des recherches récentes sur le Paléolithique en Hauts de France au travers du projet collectif de recherche Paléhauts
No full textInternational audienceIn the field of French Prehistory, the North of France plays a key part in the development of understanding ancient Prehistory. The research carried out for more than forty years in salvage and programmed archaeology has led to the discovery of several Quaternary and archaeological sites which have since become international references for the study of human settlements in North-Western Europe. This data is based on geological, chronological and paleoenvironmental research that is among the best established for the last million years. The pioneering studies of several deposits in the Hauts-de-France region have played an important role in the development of salvage archaeology both from a methodological point of view and in relation to the importance of scientific discoveries. Among these are the sites of Biache-Saint- Vaast (Pas-de-Calais), Riencourt-lès-Bapaume (Pas-de-Calais) and Seclin (Nord). More recently, the disco¬very of certain deposits has led to major advances in the technological and typological characterization of lithic assemblages, as well as in the establishment of the chronological framework and environmental restitution. Among these are the Abbeville/Moulin-Quignon (Somme), Bettencourt-Saint-Ouen (Somme), Beauvais (Oise), Hermies (Nord), Therdonne (Oise), Amiens-Renancourt (Somme), Saint-Amand-les-Eaux (Nord), Caours (Somme), Waziers (Nord), Havrincourt (Pas-de-Calais), Etricourt-Manancourt (Somme) deposits. Although the Middle Paleolithic is the most documented period in the Hauts-de-France region, certain chrono-climatic phases are sorely lacking in new data. While uncertainties remain, essential milestones have been identified that would enable us to better characterize the subsistence behavior of the Hominids that have succeeded one another in the North of France; however, certain key episodes in the history of population settlement remain insufficiently documented. The collective research project PaléHauts was born out of this observation with the main objective of broadening the chronostratigraphic and archaeological framework of the Paleolithic occupations of the region and by reviewing the historically and recently discovered sites. The region’s potentials are extensive and with a multidisciplinary approach the work to come should enable regional research to remain a model for the study of Pleistocene settlement patterns in north-western Europe.Dans le domaine de la préhistoire française, le Nord de la France joue un rôle primordial dans l’avancée des connaissances sur la Préhistoire ancienne. Les recherches menées depuis plus de quarante ans en archéologie préventive et programmée ont permis la découverte de plusieurs sites quaternaires et archéologiques devenus depuis des références internationales pour l’étude des peuplements humains en Europe du Nord-Ouest. Ces recherches se fondent sur un cadre géologique, chronologique et paléoenvironnemental parmi les mieux établis pour le dernier million d’années. Les études pionnières de plusieurs gisements des Hauts-de-France ont joué un rôle important dans le développement de l’archéologique préventive tant d’un point de vue de la méthodologie que de l’importance des découvertes scientifiques qui en sont issues. C’est le cas principalement des gisements de Biache-Saint-Vaast (Pas-de-Calais), de Riencourt-lès-Bapaume (Pas-de Calais), de Seclin (Nord). Plus récemment, la découverte de certains gisements a permis des avancées primordiales dans la caractérisation technologique et typologique des ensembles lithiques mais aussi dans l’établissement du cadre chronologique et la reconstitution des environnements. C’est le cas des gisements de Abbeville/Mou¬lin-Quignon (Somme), Bettencourt-Saint-Ouen (Somme), Beauvais (Oise), Hermies (Nord), Therdonne (Oise), Amiens-Renancourt (Somme), Saint-Amand-les-Eaux (Nord), Caours (Somme), Waziers (Nord), Havrincourt (Pas-de-Calais), Etricourt-Manancourt (Somme). Si le Paléolithique moyen est la période la plus documentée dans la région des Hauts-de-France, certaines phases chrono-climatiques manquent cruellement de données renouvelées. Non seulement des incertitudes subsistent, des jalons essentiels qui permettraient de mieux caractériser les comportements de subsistance des Hominidés qui se sont succédés dans le Nord de la France ; mais certains moments clés de l’histoire du peuplement restent insuffisamment documentés. Le projet collectif des recherches PaléHauts est né de ce constat et a pour principal objectif d’enrichir le cadre chronostratigraphique et archéologique des occupations paléolithiques de la région par la révision des sites historiquement et récemment découverts. Les potentialités de la région sont nombreuses et les travaux à venir, envisagés dans une approche pluridisciplinaire, doivent permettre aux recherches régionales de rester une référence pour l’étude des modalités des peuplements pléistocènes du Nord-Ouest européen
Learning human like driving policies from real interactive driving scenes
No full textTraffic simulation has gained a lot of interest for massive safety evaluation of self-driving systems in a risk free setting but the reality gap remains a big challenge. Adversarial Imitation learning (AIL) already proved that it is possible to learn driving policies from real demonstrations and more specifically on Highways (NGSIM dataset). However traffic interactions remains very restricted on those scenarios and it is necessary to cope with various and multiple real traffic participants to get real insight of human driving style. INTERACTION dataset was specifically designed for those concerns with complex and rich interactions on a variety of scenes like intersections, roundabouts, ramp merging in different countries. In this paper we introduce our training pipeline that is built upon the Lanelet2 road map format for learning human like driving policies based on most recent implementations of Adversarial Imitation Learning (AIL) algorithms. We compare different AIL algorithms and Behavioural Cloning (BC) baseline on various driving scenes and investigate how realistic driving policies can become as well as their ability to generalise on new scenes. We show that driving policies not only follow expert trajectories but also get safer with less offroad driving and collisions than BC baseline. This work opens new possibilities for multi agent traffic learning based on AIL techniques with real and highly interactive traffic data
pAspergillosis in a colony of Humboldt penguins ( Spheniscus humboldti ) under managed care: a clinical and environmental investigation in a French zoological park
No full textInternational audienceAbstract Aspergillosis is pervasive in bird populations, especially those under human care. Its management can be critically impacted by exposure to high levels of conidia and by resistance to azole drugs. The fungal contamination in the environment of a Humboldt penguin (Spheniscus humboldti) group, housed in a French zoological park next to numerous large crop fields, was assessed through three serial sessions of surface sampling in nests, in 2018-20: all isolates were counted and characterized by sequencing. When identified as A. fumigatus, they were systematically screened for resistance mutations in the cyp51A gene and tested for MICs determination. In the same time, the clinical incidence of aspergillosis was evaluated in the penguin population by the means of systematic necropsy and mycological investigations. A microsatellite-based analysis tracked the circulation of A. fumigatus strains. Environmental investigations highlighted substantial increase of the fungal load during the summer season (>12-fold vs. the other timepoints) and large overrepresentation of species belonging to the Aspergillus section Fumigati, ranging from 22.7 to 94.6% relative prevalence. Only one cryptic species was detected (A. nishimurae), and one isolate exhibited G138S resistance mutation with elevated MICs. The overall incidence of aspergillosis was measured at ∼3.4% case-years, and mostly in juveniles. The analysis of microsatellite polymorphism revealed a high level of genetic diversity among A. fumigatus clinical isolates. In contrast, one environmental strain appeared largely overrepresented during the summer sampling session. In all, the rural location of the zoo did not influence the emergence of resistant strains