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Comparing health-related quality of life and utility scores of patients undergoing hemodialysis and continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis in Indonesia
No full textBackground: Although both hemodialysis and continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) are covered by national healthcare insurance, 98% of kidney failure disease patients are treated with hemodialysis. This study compared the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and utility scores of patients receiving hemodialysis and CAPD in Indonesia and determined factors associated with HRQoL and utility scores. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed using the Kidney Disease Quality of Life-36 and EQ-5D-5L instruments at six hospitals. Utility scores were presented as SF-6D and EQ-5D scores. Factors associated with the EQ-5D were evaluated using Tobit regressions due to ceiling effects, while the SF-6D and HRQoL were assessed using generalized linear models since the data were not normally distributed. Results: Among the 613 patients, 76% were treated with hemodialysis. After adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics and clinical parameters, CAPD patients reported better HRQoL compared to hemodialysis patients in terms of the SF-6D (p =.038), mental component summary (p =.020), symptoms (p =.005), and effects of kidney disease (p<.001), but no significant differences were reported in EQ-5D (p =.083), physical component summary (p =.323), burden of kidney disease (p =.111), and kidney summary scores (p =.068). Poorer HRQoL and utility scores were likely experienced by older patients who were male, married, with diabetes, treated in Class A hospitals, and with lower education, hemoglobin, and albumin levels. Conclusion: In Indonesia, patients treated with CAPD had better HRQoL and utility scores compared to patients undergoing hemodialysis. Therefore, CAPD should be promoted by healthcare professionals as the first treatment option for patients who are eligible for both hemodialysis and CAPD.</p
Grensverleggend samenwerken en regisseren in partnerschap SO&P en onderwijsregio:Handreiking voor programmaleiders
No full textHet Platform SO&P faciliteerde vanaf 2018 intervisiebijeenkomsten en zette in 2021 een ontwikkeltraject op voor programmaleiders van partnerschappen. Op basis van de bevindingen uit deze trajecten is deze handreiking samengesteld. Belangrijk onderdeel is de uitwerking van het BACO model. Dit model geeft programmaleiders handvatten voor het werken in de complexe context van het partnerschap Samen Opleiden en de onderwijsregio
Integrating Explainable Artificial Intelligence in Extended Reality Environments:A Systematic Survey †
No full textThe integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) within Extended Reality (XR) technologies has the potential to revolutionize user experiences by creating more immersive, interactive, and personalized environments. Nevertheless, the complexity and opacity of AI systems raise significant concerns regarding the transparency of data handling, reasoning processes, and decision-making mechanisms inherent in these technologies. To address these challenges, the implementation of explainable AI (XAI) methods and techniques becomes imperative, as they not only ensure compliance with prevailing ethical, social, and legal standards, norms, and principles, but also foster user trust and facilitate the broader adoption of AI solutions in XR applications. Despite the growing interest from both research and practitioner communities in this area, there is an important gap in the literature concerning a review of XAI methods specifically applied and tailored to XR systems. On this behalf, this research presents a systematic literature review that synthesizes current research on XAI approaches applied within the XR domain. Accordingly, this research aims to identify prevailing trends, assess the effectiveness of various XAI techniques, and highlight potential avenues for future research. It then contributes to the foundational understanding necessary for the development of transparent and trustworthy AI systems for XR systems using XAI technologies while enhancing the user experience and promoting responsible AI deployment.</p
The effect of hrHPV prevalence on cervical cancer screening strategies:a cost-effectiveness study of Bangladesh
No full textFeeling Colour:Chromatic Embodiment in Film Culture, 1950s–1960s
No full textThe shift back from quasi monochrome to coloured motion picture during the 1950s and 1960s famously provided moviegoers the dazzling opportunity to more fully engage their senses, all the while opening new modes of affective possibilities for filmmakers. Set against the intersection of media studies, emotion theory, biology, and digital humanities, Feeling Colour: Chromatic Embodiment in Film Culture (1950s-1960s) delves into the role colour played in the oft-fraught relationship between cinema and its audiences. This transnational analysis of an extensive range of midcentury cinematography examines the multilayered effects which extend beyond the silver screen, offering a high-level theoretical elaboration and in-depth historical exploration of both experimental and mainstream movies.Lameris takes an interdisciplinary perspective, examining the different ways colour creates—or was believed to create—embodied reactions. From perception theory and 'putting the nerves in motion’, to colour psychology and how to ‘steer’ the spectator, to cross-modal perception (or ‘synaesthesia’), Lameris asks how how colours and feelings in film are entangled in the colour cultures, discourses and beliefs of a particular historical context.With its influential cultural scholarly contribution and accessible writing style, this book will delight both students and specialists in film and media studies. In addition, those interested in the history and use of color in advertising, neuroscience, gender studies, and emotion will find the book engaging and useful
Socio-cognitive determinants affecting insulin adherence/non-adherence in late adolescents and young adults with type 1 diabetes:a systematic review
No full textNon-adherence to insulin treatment is common in adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. However, the socio-cognitive determinants (SCDs) of adherence in AYAs with T1D are less frequently represented in systematic reviews. This systematic review aimed to investigate the key SCDs associated with adherence/non-adherence to insulin treatment in AYAs in the age range of 17-24 years with T1D. A systematic review in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and PsycINFO was conducted. The search took place from 2021, to January 1st, 2022, and was repeated on June 5-7, 2022 and from July 18 to July 24, 2023. The methodological quality of studies was assessed by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute quality assessment tool for observational cohort and cross-sectional studies. Six articles representing 973 AYAs with T1D were included for data extraction. The identified SCDs included risk perceptions, attitude, family and friends' social support, self-efficacy, and information factors. However, there was inconsistency in correlational findings among studies. The identified SCDs influencing insulin adherence in AYAs with T1D could serve as targets for patients' consultations and tailored interventions to improve adherence and overall health outcomes, as well as for policymakers to integrate these interventions into diabetes care planning. However, further research in the area of factors affecting insulin adherence in quality-designed studies that use detailed and comprehensive measures for assessing adherence is needed.</p
Distributed leadership in action:Different manifestations and what they require from school leaders
No full textDistributed leadership is currently the most studied leadership model in education. This study posits that there is not a single best model or blueprint for distributed leadership, but that schools should foster manifestations of distributed leadership to support professional development and school improvement. The school leader can support distributed leadership. In this study we examined dimensions of distributed leadership when teachers collaborate in two Dutch schools, which were selected after an elaborate selection process—quantitatively through an online survey and a benchmark method and qualitatively through additional focus group interviews. Within these schools, which were considered as critical cases, data were collected through semi-structured interviews with teachers (14) and school leaders (three), focus groups with teachers and school leaders (three) and observation of teachers collaborating (four). Data were analysed by inductively labelling and thematising relevant fragments. This was checked by a second researcher, ensuring the validity of the findings. Based on our findings we propose four manifestations of distributed leadership in teacher collaboration and discuss the role of the school leader in supporting these manifestations. This role is larger than one might expect. Depending on the situation, school leaders can either formally manage structurally designed manifestations of distributed leadership, which requires transactional leadership, or facilitate relational manifestations of distributed leadership, which requires transformational leadership.</p
Uitdagingen voor de politie in een gefragmenteerd seksueel landschap:Vijftig tinten blauw
No full textSeksuoliteit is zo oud ols de spreekwoordelijke weg noor Rome.Zonder seks woren wij mensen er immers niet. Moor ondonks hetnotuurlijke von seksuoliteit zijn opvottingen over de ploots doorvon inde somenleving niet in steen gehouwen. Voor de politie is het belongrijkom inzicht in en overzicht te hebben von dot seksuele londschop. Wontdoor woor grenzen worden overschreden, wordt geregeld ook eenberoep gedoon op de politie. Moor hoe ziet dot londschop er don uit
Therapeutic factors and mechanisms of change in music therapy for people with late-life depression:A scoping review
No full textDue to the growing aging population, the number of people with late-life depression (LLD) is estimated to increase significantly. LLD presents symptoms such as persistent low mood, decreased interest and pleasure, and feelings of worthlessness. Music therapy has demonstrated efficacy in alleviating depressive symptoms in this population. However, understanding of its therapeutic factors and mechanisms of change remain limited. This scoping review aims to elucidate the therapeutic factors, mechanisms of change and their related outcomes involved in music therapy for people with LLD. Databases including Medline, Cinahl, Psycinfo, Cochrane, Embase, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were systematically searched. Selection criteria included elderly individuals (above 60), late-life depression, music therapy, therapeutic factors and mechanisms of change. Of 1249 screened studies, 31 were included, identifying 5 domains of presumed therapeutic factors, presumed mechanisms of change and related presumed outcomes. The domains are emotion, social, cognition, arousal and behavior & motivation. The emotion domain, which encompasses presumed therapeutic factors and presumed mechanisms of change for emotion regulation emerged as the most prominent. Both music listening and interactive music making facilitate emotion regulation by evoking and expressing difficult feelings in people with LLD. Insights gained on therapeutic factors and mechanisms of change involved in music therapy for people with LLD can inform strategy development, enhance clinical care, and guide future research efforts.</p
Bridging the digital health divide:a narrative review of the causes, implications, and solutions for digital health inequalities
No full textBackground: Digital health interventions have the potential to improve health at a large scale globally by improving access to healthcare services and health-related information, but they tend to benefit more affluent and privileged groups more than those less privileged.Methods: In this narrative review, we describe how this ‘digital health divide’ can manifest across three different levels reflecting inequalities in access, skills and benefits or outcomes (i.e. the first, second, and tertiary digital divide). We also discuss four key causes of this digital divide: (i)) digital health literacy as a fundamental determinant; (ii) other personal, social, community, and societal level determinants; (iii) how technology and intervention development contribute to; and (iv) how current research practice exacerbates the digital health divide by developing a biased evidence base. Finally, we formulate implications for research, policy, and practice.Results: Specific recommendations for research include to keep digital health interventions and measurement instruments up to date with fastpaced technological changes, and to involve diverse populations in digital intervention development and evaluation research. For policy and practice, examples of recommendations are to insist on inclusive and accessible design of health technology and to ensure support for digital health intervention enactment prioritises those most vulnerable to the digital divide.Conclusion: We conclude by highlighting the importance of addressing the digital health divide to ensure that as digital technologies' inevitable presence grows, it does not leave those who could benefit most from innovative health technology behind