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Human Trafficking in the Sex Industry’:Practices and Law
No full textThis chapter summarizes the most important findings of thebook. Specific attention is paid to recent developments, such as the move tothe Internet and changes in the legislation worldwide. The chapter reflectson the outcomes of the book and gives a number of recommendations, suchas strengthening the independence of women and increasing awarenessactivities. Furthermore, a careful glimpse into the future is phrased
Exploring the Role of Sexual Creativity in Enhancing Sexual and Relationship Satisfaction:An Intervention Study
No full textAffective and cognitive predictors of lapse in exercise and dietary behavior:an ecological momentary assessment study amongst Dutch adults trying to lose weight
No full textObjectiveWhen losing weight, many individuals make healthy changes in their exercise and dietary behavior. However, maintaining these changes is often found to be challenging. To prevent individuals from lapsing, insight into predictors of lapse in exercise and dietary behavior is needed.Methods and measuresAn ecological momentary assessment (EMA) study amongst Dutch adults trying to lose weight was performed. Adults (N = 81) participated in two seven-day EMA weeks. Participants received six semi-random prompts a day, at which they indicated whether a lapse had occurred and responded to questions assessing emotional states, stress, hunger, coping self-efficacy and recovery self-efficacy. Generalized estimating equations were used to examine associations with lapse.ResultsFor exercise behavior, significant associations were observed between feeling hungry (OR = 1.14, 95% CI = 1.01–1.29) and an increased risk of lapsing, and between feeling relaxed (OR = 0.83, 95% CI = 0.72–0.95), coping self-efficacy (OR = 0.68, 95% CI = 0.62–0.75) and recovery self-efficacy (OR = 0.78, 95% CI = 0.69–0.89), and a reduced risk of lapsing. For dietary behavior, significant associations were observed between coping self-efficacy (OR = 0.81, 95% CI = 0.76–0.86) and recovery self-efficacy (OR = 0.81, 95% CI = 0.76–0.86), and a reduced risk of lapsing.ConclusionPractitioners and intervention programs promoting sustainable physical activity and dietary change should focus on enhancing individuals’ self-efficacy, for which coping planning and cognitive restructuring could be efficacious techniques
How do Second Career Teachers in Vocational Education Experience their Induction Period?:An Interview Study
No full textSecond career teachers (SCT) are key role models in vocational education (VE)because they prepare students for the vocational practice they were part of, and theybring up-to-date vocational knowledge and skills into VE schools. Therefore, theearly leaving of SCTs in VE is a problem, adding to the worldwide teacher shortages. Induction programs have been developed to support starting teachers to growinto their new profession and to diminish high attrition rates. However, it is arguedthat current induction programs fail to support SCTs adequately. For instance,induction programs rarely adapt to SCTs’ various needs, such as recognizing andintegrating previously developed competencies and specifc backgrounds. Furthermore, SCTs’ induction programs in the specifc context of VE are largely understudied. This study explores the experiences of SCTs in VE during their inductionprograms regarding four themes identifed in research on SCTs in other educationsectors: 1) professional identity development, 2) learning processes, 3) tailor-madecoaching, and 4) co-creation of induction programs. Eleven SCTs from eight DutchVE schools were interviewed. The data show a rich variation of SCTs’ experiences.For example, they experienced the opportunity to develop their professional identity as teachers while preserving and including their former identity as practitioners of the vocation they teach for. Yet, only a few SCTs experienced co-creation ofthe induction program, which seems to have a positive impact. The insights of thisstudy ofer an understanding of what SCTs in VE go through and what might support them during their induction
Responsible scaling of artificial intelligence in healthcare:standardization meets customization
No full textOrganizations across the globe are progressively investing in artificial intelligence (AI) innovations to meet today’s healthcare challenges. Meanwhile, public policy increasingly emphasizes the need for these innovations to be ‘scaled’. As scholars emphasize, scaling innovations is never just ‘more of the same’, but requires adapting innovations to local contexts. In this perspective paper, we aim to explore and draw attention to the tensions and possible alignments between standardization and customization that should lead to a responsible scaling of AI in healthcare. We approach responsible scaling building on the notion of socio-technical configurations. Configurations are unique assemblies of technological and non-technological components, including human factors, integrated in different ways to meet particular local requirements. We explore how conceptualizing AI tools and the broader socio-technical ecosystems in which they are integrated as configurations can offer a framework for envisioning possible pathways for responsibly scaling AI. We contend that standardization and customization can be employed synergistically within AI configurations. Standardization can be an important driver of innovation at the level of configurational components of healthcare AI, as well as the interoperability between these components. Thereby, standardization can expand the configurational options that local AI implementations can draw from and lay a foundation for local customization of healthcare AI ecosystems at the architectural level. Accordingly, we propose key considerations for innovators and policymakers to boost the configurability of healthcare AI, and discuss the need for, and challenges of shaping of healthcare AI configurations at the local scale
Should Recovery Strategies Be Reuse or Recycling Based?:A Case Study on Discarded Electronics in Melbourne, Australia
No full textUnpacking the role of demographic characteristics in organizational citizenship behaviour:An intersectional approach
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Economic evaluations of vaccines against respiratory infections in adults in Southeast Asia:A systematic review
No full textRespiratory infections significantly impact adult health in Southeast Asia, yet vaccine coverage remains low. This systematic review evaluated the economic evaluations of vaccines targeting respiratory infections in the region. A comprehensive search was conducted across several databases, including MEDLINE/PubMed, EMBASE, NHSEED, CINAHL, EconLit, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane Library, up to April 24, 2024. Nineteen eligible studies were identified, focusing primarily on influenza (8 studies) and COVID-19 vaccines (7 studies), with fewer studies on pneumococcal (2 studies), varicella (1 study), and pertussis (1 study) vaccines. Overall, influenza, COVID-19 (boosters), and pneumococcal vaccines were found to be cost-effective or highly cost-effective compared to no-vaccine or no-booster scenarios. The only study on maternal pertussis vaccination found it not to be cost-effective. The most common parameters considered in sensitivity analyses were vaccine efficacy and discount rates. This review highlights the economic evaluations of influenza, COVID-19, and pneumococcal vaccines in Southeast Asia, providing essential evidence to guide vaccine policy. Future studies should address limitations in model selection, incorporate herd immunity, ensure the model validation (i.e. validity of cost and benefit measurements), and explore the cost-effectiveness of other vaccines across the region.</p
