Open University of the Netherlands Research Portal
Not a member yet
37139 research outputs found
Sort by
Examining the interplay between job crafting and job satisfaction: A cross-cultural investigation
No full textThe positive relationship between job crafting and positive work outcomes, often mediated by individual basic needs, is well-supported; however, little is known about whether these relationships, specifically the mediation, hold across cultures. We investigated the relationship between job crafting and job satisfaction among nurses from diverse cultural contexts, as well as the potential mediating role of basic need satisfaction. We conducted a cross-cultural comparative study among nurses in hospital settings across three distinct cultural contexts: Lebanon, India, and the USA. We tested (a) whether the scales employed were psychometrically invariant via MGCFA and (b) conducted multi-group SEM to test the relationship between job crafting, need satisfaction, and job satisfaction across the three cultural samples. Only two of the four job crafting dimensions (increasing social job resources and increasing challenging job demands) and one of the three basic need satisfaction dimensions (need for autonomy) reached metric invariance. Hypotheses were tested for the metrically invariant scales: While job crafting was related to job satisfaction in the Lebanese and USA samples, no such relationship was found in the Indian sample. Only in the Lebanese and USA samples, increasing challenging job demands was related to job satisfaction, through the satisfaction of the need for autonomy. Increasing social job resources was related to job satisfaction only in the Lebanese sample. We recommend testing the psychometric appropriateness of measures before employing them and discuss what this means for job crafting research directions and practical implications
The Efficacy of Bereavement Interventions:A Systematic Umbrella Review
No full textLEARNING OBJECTIVES: After participating in this CME activity, the psychiatrist should be better able to:• Summarize findings from systematic reviews and meta-analyses on the efficacy of psychotherapeutic bereavement interventions.• Identify and apply key moderating factors (e.g., symptom severity, timing, age, gender) that influence intervention outcomes.• Analyze methodological limitations in the bereavement literature, including study design and review quality issues.ABSTRACT: In recent decades, there have been diverse reviews published on intervention program value for bereaved people. The variation and multiplicity of such reviews makes it difficult to obtain an overview of what is known about treatment effectiveness. In this systematic umbrella review, we explore the current knowledge base on psychotherapeutic bereavement intervention program efficacy. Thirty-three quantitative systematic reviews and/or meta-analyses published between January 2001 and October 2021 were included. Quality was assessed using the Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews criteria. Intervention efficacy was determined by rating overall conclusions into three categories according to strength of evidence: positive-unconditional, positive-conditional, and negative-no evidence. Our results indicate that bereavement interventions are generally helpful. Seven reviews indicated positive-unconditional support for bereavement interventions. Twenty-four reviews found positive-conditional support (i.e., some evidence of value, but efficacy did not apply in all circumstances or was constrained by database weaknesses or weak effects), and only two reviews indicated negative-no evidence for support. Notably, conclusions were generally limited by poor review quality and methodological concerns (e.g., lack of randomized controlled trials and follow-up studies). As such, we call for future empirical studies and review articles to abide by methodological quality standards. Furthermore, we recommend further study of the subgroup variables and intervention features that contribute to treatment efficacy.</p
Responsible scaling of artificial intelligence in healthcare:standardization meets customization
No full textOrganizations across the globe are progressively investing in artificial intelligence (AI) innovations to meet today’s healthcare challenges. Meanwhile, public policy increasingly emphasizes the need for these innovations to be ‘scaled’. As scholars emphasize, scaling innovations is never just ‘more of the same’, but requires adapting innovations to local contexts. In this perspective paper, we aim to explore and draw attention to the tensions and possible alignments between standardization and customization that should lead to a responsible scaling of AI in healthcare. We approach responsible scaling building on the notion of socio-technical configurations. Configurations are unique assemblies of technological and non-technological components, including human factors, integrated in different ways to meet particular local requirements. We explore how conceptualizing AI tools and the broader socio-technical ecosystems in which they are integrated as configurations can offer a framework for envisioning possible pathways for responsibly scaling AI. We contend that standardization and customization can be employed synergistically within AI configurations. Standardization can be an important driver of innovation at the level of configurational components of healthcare AI, as well as the interoperability between these components. Thereby, standardization can expand the configurational options that local AI implementations can draw from and lay a foundation for local customization of healthcare AI ecosystems at the architectural level. Accordingly, we propose key considerations for innovators and policymakers to boost the configurability of healthcare AI, and discuss the need for, and challenges of shaping of healthcare AI configurations at the local scale
Navigating disruption in the PID landscape:embracing opportunities and anticipating threats in the next ten years
No full textDevelopment and validation of the short form of the Later Life Workplace Index:a study across 10 countries
No full textDevelopment and validation of the short form of the Later Life Workplace Index:a study across 10 countries
No full textHow teachers support students during design activities in the chemistry classroom
No full textDesign activities are increasingly used in science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) education. Guiding students during these activities can be challenging for STEM teachers, who may be inexperienced in the field of design. In this study, we focused on a case of three chemistry teachers who implemented design projects in their classrooms. During the lessons, the students designed a self-heating or self-cooling cup, in which the energy effect of chemical reactions causes a heating or cooling effect on the cup’s contents. Through an in-depth analysis of the conversations between the teachers and student groups, we aim to understand how teachers verbally support students and any factors that may influence this. We used concepts from scaffolding theory to analyze the support. By organizing the data into segments based on these scaffolding concepts, we were able to characterize the different approaches taken by the teachers. The types of support varied; for example, the teacher might take control of the process or stimulate the students’ reasoning. The support appears to be adapted to the students, the lessons and the topics of the conversations. These are possible factors that may influence the way in which teachers support the students during design activities.</p
