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Robust protective SiO<sub>x</sub> and dual carbon layers assisted Si anode achieving rapid kinetics for ultra-fast stable Li<sup>+</sup> storage
No full textSilicon (Si) has gained popularity as a potential anodic material for Li-ion batteries (LIBs) due to its large theoretical capacity. However, low conductivity, large volume expansion, and side reactions during alloying and de-alloying lead to poor cyclic and bad high-rate performance, which has severely hindered its practical large-scale application. Herein, a novel stamen-structured Si-based anode material with a protective SiOx layer and dual carbon layers (Si@SiOx/C@C) is designed for high-performance LIBs. The protective SiOx layer reduces side reactions and dual carbon layers enhance charge transport to improve reaction kinetics, while the unique structure provides buffering space for volume expansion. Such Si@SiOx/C@C anode demonstrates impressive Li storage properties for a half-battery, including a discharge capacity of 2935 mA h g−1 at a current density 0.1 A g−1, cyclic performance (814 mA h g−1 at 2 A g−1 over 500 cycles and 988 mA h g−1 over 200 cycles at 1 A g−1) and a rate performance (609 mA h g−1 at 5 A g−1). It also maintains a high reversible capacity of 131 mA h g−1 at 0.25 C after 100 cycles for a full battery. This work provides insights into the novel design of multiple protective layers on Si-based anode materials for fast-charging and highly stable LIBs.</p
La réflexivité en formation professionnelle:un éclairage à partir de la didactique professionnelle
No full textLes injonctions à la réflexivité sont omniprésentes au travail et en formation. Il est souvent attendu du (futur) professionnel qu’il soit capable de revenir sur son action pour faire émerger des apprentissages. Aisée en apparence, sa mise en œuvre se heurte à deux types de difficultés : des malentendus conceptuels et des tensions dans l’usage qui en est fait en formation. En mobilisant les principes et les méthodes de la didactique professionnelle, cet article propose une analyse de ces difficultés
Breaking Free from Historical Bias in Computing to Build an Inclusive Digital Future
No full textToday, digitalisation has nearly achieved global coverage, but it still falls short of ensuring fair and inclusive access for all citizens, regardless of origin, age, or gender. Here, we provide a historical perspective that highlights how major biases have emerged over time in computing, how they are being addressed, and barriers that remain to overcome
Health outcomes of sarcopenia:a consensus report by the outcome working group of the Global Leadership Initiative in Sarcopenia (GLIS)
No full textThe Global Leadership Initiative in Sarcopenia (GLIS) aims to standardize the definition and diagnostic criteria for sarcopenia into one unifying, common classification. Among other actions to achieve this objective, the GLIS has organized three different working groups (WGs), with the WG on outcomes of sarcopenia focusing on reporting its health outcomes to be measured in clinical practice once a diagnosis has been established. This includes sarcopenia definitions that better predict health outcomes, the preferred tools for measuring these outcomes, and the cutoffs defining normal and abnormal values. The present article synthesizes discussions and conclusions from this WG, composed of 13 key opinion leaders from different continents worldwide. Results rely on systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and relevant cohort studies in the field. With a high level of evidence, sarcopenia is significantly associated with a reduced quality of life, a higher risk of falls and fractures and a higher risk of mortality. Sarcopenia has been moderately associated with a higher risk of reduced instrumental activities of daily living (IADL). However, the GLIS WG found only inconclusive level of evidence to support associations between sarcopenia and higher risks of hospitalization, nursing home admission, mobility impairments, and reduced basic activities of daily living (ADL). This limitation underscores the scarcity of longitudinal studies, highlighting a barrier to understanding its progression and implications over time.</p
Dense and hard amorphous SiC coatings via non-reactive DC magnetron sputtering from alloy target:High thermal stability and oxidation resistance
No full textThis work presents an original method to deposit dense, hard and amorphous silicon carbide (SiC) coatings with excellent thermal stability and slow oxidation (activation energy of 113 ± 13 kJ/mol, passive oxide layer of 340 nm and no crystallization after air annealing at 900°C during 62 h). The novelty lies in the use of alloy target to straightforward synthesize SiC coating, using non-reactive DC magnetron sputtering process, carried out without substrate heating. The coatings demonstrate notable mechanical properties, with a hardness of 56.4 GPa and a reduced modulus of 342 GPa, as measured by nano-indentation, and excellent adhesion even with µm-thick coating. The chemistry, structure, and morphology of the coatings were analysed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to confirm their thermal and structural stability upon annealing. Additionally, a method combining XPS and SEM was applied to determine the activation energy for thermal annealing in air, across a temperature range of 600°C to 1100°C. The coatings exhibit excellent oxidation resistance, superior to those produced by other more complex methods, highlighting the efficiency of this simple fabrication approach.</p
Developing an AI Concept Inventory for Non-Experts
No full textThis working group aims to develop a research-based AI concept inventory (AI CI) to assess the understanding of foundational AI concepts among non-experts. By identifying core concepts and common misconceptions through literature reviews, expert consultations, and iterative validation, the group will create a user-friendly assessment tool that can be used to capture snapshots of AI understanding, support benchmarking across contexts, and inform educational initiatives and policy. Designed for diverse non-expert audiences, including educators, students, and the general public, this tool can provide valuable insights into how AI knowledge evolves over time, contributing to the broader goal of promoting AI literacy in everyday contexts.</p