Institutional Repository of the General Jonas Zemaitis Military Academy of Lithuania
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Motivational measures for soldiers and their implementation at the General Adolfas Ramanauskas Combat Training Centre.
No full textA lot of improvable areas in the process of motivating soldiers still have been found. Only after having studied the theories of motivation, it is possible to understand the completeness of soldiers’ needs, invoking different encouragement systems in order to reach the highest motivation of the soldiers. The object of the research paper is motivational measures of the conscript soldiers and their implementation. The purpose of the research paper is after having summarized motivation theories, to name what are the most popular motivational measures applied in the Adolfas Ramanauskas Combat Training Centre. The tasks of the research paper are: to define the concept of the process of motivation; after having analyzed the motivation theories, to discuss the possibilities of their implementation in the organization; to find out the best motivational measures of the conscript soldiers; to carry out a questionnaire in the Adolfas Ramanauskas Combat Training Centre in order to find out the most mportant material and non-material motivational measures
Causes of professional military service soldiers’ resignation from the Lithuanian Armed Forces.
No full textIt is inevitable that people leave their work voluntarily, however, when such process becomes uncontrolled and unmanaged, it turns very expensive to the organization. The Lithuanian Army is an organization that also faces the problem of losing skilled and talented military members. The majority of professional military members resign from the military service by own choice. This thesis examines the resignation of military members from the army in order to determine the causes of resignation and provide management solutions for personnel retention. At the beginning of the research the hypothesis is made that the intention of Lithuanian professional military members to resign from the military depends on the satisfaction in service and the level of commitment to the organization. The research includes the analysis of scientific literature, documents and secondary data, also a questionnaire and data processed with a computer program. During the research, the insights of different authors are systemized, the situation of personnel turnover in the Lithuanian Army is assessed, the reasons of resignation from the military are identified, the hypothesis is confirmed that the intention of military personnel to resign from the military depends on the satisfaction in service and the level of commitment to the organization. Taking into account the main factors determining the intention to leave the army – low normative and emotional commitment, insufficient satisfaction with the conditions in service, salary, service and family compatibility, incentives – management solutions are provided that help manage human resources more effectively in the Lithuanian Army
Education and economic development in the selected European Union countries /
No full textThis paper has aimed to investigate the education – economic development nexus in the selected European Union (EU) countries during the period of 1997 – 2016. Descriptive statistics analysis and econometric techniques have been applied for this purpose. Research results have revealed statistically significant interrelationships between education and economic growth in majority of the selected countries. However, only Belgium, France, Ireland and United Kingdom have demonstrated causal relationships between the variables under consideration. In these countries the unidirectional causality running from education to economic development has shown that increase in the share of population having tertiary education promotes economic performance. In the remaining countries neither increasing share of tertiary education effects on economic development nor growing real GDP promotes tertiary education of the population. The insights of the research could be useful in achieving the goals for Europe 2020, where tertiary education is highlighted as one of the five measurable targets
Optimization of the Lithuanian Land Force Soldier System.
No full textFor every country in the world its national security is important. One of the institutions that helps to maintain the territorial integrity and protects its citizens, is the army. But as the world is changing, together changes army soldier system. It is important that the soldier would be able to carry out its tasks more effectively. For this purpose, the Land Forces soldier system must be optimized, so that there would be no large corrections in soldier supplement, the surplus production or unnecessary inventory, and that the existing parts of the soldiers system, would ensure its safety. It is also indicated in the guidelines (Minister of National Defense in 2015. January 27. Order no. V-82) by the Lithuanian Minister of National Defense, which said that it is important that the individual soldiers equipment, armament and outfit designed for soldiers to provide, must be comfortable, practical and easy to use. However, the scientific literature does not analyze the Lithuanian Land Force soldiers system, for this reason it is particularly relevant to evaluate the current structure of the land forces soldiers system and its effectiveness in the context of other countries. This paper investigates the Lithuanian Land Force Soldier systems optimization, for its intended purposes, technical characteristics and individual components. The first part of the bachelor's thesis presents the concept of optimization, concept of the soldiers system, discussed ballistic protection, weapons, and military clothing and radio communication equipment. Also presents Russian, German, American, French and Israeli military systems and an overview of Lithuania in the context of foreign countries. In the second part of this study, soldier systems optimization study model is compiled. In order to assess the key elements of the soldier system, the expert survey was carried out, and the results were analyzed using the Kendall's concordance coefficient and hierarchical cluster analysis. Expert survey results showed three most important parts of the land forces soldier system, which according to them, must be optimized: bullet-proof vests, ballistic helmet and radio communication equipment. The hierarchical cluster analysis showed that Lithuania is the most similar to the US, but from secondary data (technical parameter data) shows that Lithuania should take into account not only the US, but also military systems tools from other countries, providing land forces soldier system optimization
Links between emotional intelligence and leadership.
No full textThe Master's thesis analyzes the impоrtance оf leadership and the impоrtance оf leaders in the military units and their emоtiоnal intelligence and leadership expressiоn cоherence at the service pоsts, while cоnsidering the current situatiоn, and assessing unit leaders’ intentiоns tо imprоve leadership cоmpetencies. The aim оf the Master's thesis was tо examine the significance оf the leadership оf the units оf the Lithuanian Armed Fоrces fоr their managing department and that the emоtiоnal intelligence level оf the unit cоmmanders and leadership expressiоns cоrrelate, as well as pоssibilities tо imprоve the cоmpetencies оf leaders (unit cоmmanders) in the future. It is prresented that the cоmpetences оf emоtiоnal intelligence and leadership relatiоnships are very clоse (cоrelates) tо each оther, that leadership with emоtiоnal intelligence is assоciated with an idealized influence, inspiring mоtivatiоn, intellectual stimulatiоn and specific (individualized) attentiоn. Alsо, leadership behaviоrs have a pоsitive impact оn the оrganizatiоn and that the emоtiоnal intelligence cоmpetences make a strоng cоntributiоn tо leadership behaviоr and achievements. It has been determined that emоtiоnal intelligence cоmpetences are strоngly related tо all leadership expressiоns. All cоrrelatiоn cоefficients are pоsitive, therefоre emоtiоnal intelligence cоmpetences and leadership expressiоns are a direct link: the higher the emоtiоnal intelligence, the mоre expressed the leadership cоmpetencies. Prоper adaptatiоn оf emоtiоnal intelligence cоmpetences creates and prоmоtes mоre effective leadership, and therefоre emоtiоnal intelligence is оften cоnsidered a necessary cоmpоnent оf leadership. The theоretical and empirical research was carried оut tо find оut the relatiоnship between the emоtiоnal intelligence and leadership оf the departmental leaders and the reasоns fоr pоssible leadership decisiоns in enhancing leadership expressiоn in the educatiоn оf the emоtiоnal intelligence оf unit cоmmanders
Motivation and obstacles for sharing knowledge in the National Defence volunteer forces.
No full textAs a member of NATO, Lithuania must invest in increasing the professionalism of the military and be able to adapt to changing requirements for military personnel (increasing the need to strengthen the knowledge, skills and competences of the military personnel). One way to increase the military and defense capabilities of the Lithuanian Armed Forces is to strengthen and expand the arsenal of military personnel knowledge. For the Lithuanian Armed Forces to focus on the modern forces of NATO member states, it is appropriate to take from them the best practice in the field of knowledge sharing. In addition to taking over good practice, the Lithuanian Armed Forces itself needs to evaluate the problem gaps in knowledge sharing in order to be able to eliminate them. The sharing of knowledge both in the Lithuanian Armed Forces and the NDVF is not effectively implemented, as no strategy for the sharing of knowledge is adopted. Therefore, it becomes unclear how the process of knowledge sharing in the Lithuanian NDVF should be developed. All of these problems raise the need for research into knowledge sharing in the Lithuanian Armed Forces' NDVF. The object of the research is the sharing knowledge in the Lithuanian Armed Forces' NDVF. The aim of the research is to evaluate the motives and obstacles to the sharing knowledge in the Lithuanian Armed Forces' NDVF. The tasks of the research: 1) to reveal the essence of knowledge management in the theoretical aspect; 2) to examine the concept of sharing knowledge and its significance for a military organization; 3) to identify the motives, obstacles and factors determining the sharing knowledge in the military organization; 4) to analyze the regulation of sharing knowledge in the Lithuanian Armed Forces; 5) to identify the barriers and motives of sharing knowledge in the Lithuanian Armed Forces' NDVF; 6) based on the results obtained, to formulate appropriate proposals for improving the sharing knowledge in the Lithuanian Armed Forces' NDVF. Methodology of the research: systematic, comparative and logical analysis of scientific literature, analysis of document content, questionnaire survey, applied statistical analysis. Work results and interpretations: after analyzing the regulation of sharing knowledge in the Lithuanian Army Forces, it has been established that while knowledge is recognized as a very important resource, strategic attention is not given to the knowledge sharing. The survey revealed that the knowledge sharing with the team members is not intense in the Lithuanian Armed Forces' NDVF. It is even less intense of the knowledge sharing within the team members in the Lithuanian Armed Forces' NDVF. Conclusions: the greatest obstacle to sharing knowledge among soldiers arises when they start service in NDVF. Soldiers who started service in NDVF are not always familiar with the information they need to complete their duties; new colleagues are not always inclined to share information. The statistical analysis revealed that the frequency of sharing knowledge positively correlates with the assessments of trust, informal communication, the promotion system and the internal status of soldiers. It has been determined that the frequency of the sharing knowledge with and within team members has a statistically significant influence on the assessments of trust, informal communication, promotion system and internal status of soldiers. A very important motive for sharing knowledge is trust. Those respondents who trust are more likely to share knowledge with and within their team members. In their activities, many respondents use IT almost continuously. Most of them use the Army Knowledge Management System (Avilys), the Internet and e-mail, the intranet and organization databases and other data management systems
The question of Arctic governance: confrontation or cooperation?
No full textIn the context of global climate change and setback of Russia relations with Western countries after the Russia’s stealth war on Ukraine, at first sight the Arctic region might be understood as no exception for conflict. It seems that tension is high as territorial disputes have no solution in sight (thus, no certainty of authority over carbohydrate resources in the region), while Arctic coastal states are enhancing their military capabilities, in order to prepare for a conflict, as the last resort to defend their interests. However, such an image of the region is identified to be based on false assumptions, since the Arctic could as well be called an exceptional area of international relations: the region is an example for cooperation and institution-based governance, which has proven resilience in the context of significant foreign policy changes of A5 countries elsewhere. Study’s object is cooperation of Arctic countries in A5 format after the year 2014; the aim of the research is to prove that, contrary to assumptions constructed in public and media discourse, the Arctic is rather a region of cooperation, with insignificant conflict potential. Main objectives of the study are: the application of the neoliberal institutionalist theory for the Arctic case, and selection of main variables that lead to strengthening of cooperation; analysis of level and type of cooperation in the region, according to the factors singled out in the theory; analysis of arguments that are critical for cooperation in the Arctic; determination of dominant type of governance in the Arctic, including causality of identified outcomes. Methods applied for the research were the case analysis and analysis of primary and secondary literature sources. The research has proven, that arguments constructing the Arctic, as an object of confrontation, while valid as single facts, examined in a broader context fail to provide with rational insights. Arctic governance, despite war in Ukraine, is still best characterised by cooperation among A5 countries. The existence of such phenomena in the Arctic is explained by neoliberal institutionalist theory, including concepts of complex interdependence and co-dependence, which provided research with ties of causality of existing governance model and its rationality. The main findings of the research are that the Arctic governance model, despite contrary arguments in public discourse, is still best characterised by complex interdependence-based cooperation, yet, because of the existence of conflict oriented factors, cooperation is not the only outcome
Integration of Security Community: the Limitations of Energy Security elements in NATO.
No full textEnergy security – one of the most diverse areas within the scope of NATO. Despite the fact that energy security is part of NATO agenda as it was included in NATO Strategic concept of 1999 m.– still there is lack of movement to unified energy security policy. In the new age warfare energy security is becoming increasingly important. The clear direction NATO on this issue is important for the members states and states of direct NATO security community influence zone. The main issue is that level of cooperation among the countries that joined NATO in the field of energy security does not ubstantially increase. The vector of energy security policy was changing from summit to summit and practical output has very limited implimentation possibilities. The main reasons of limited practical implimentation of NATO energy security policy – external and internal limitations, which pushes members of security society away from deepening cooperation and integration of energy security agenda despite the available potential benefits. Research object. Cooperation of NATO members in sphere of energy security. Research objective. To evaluate limitations of energy security cooperation in the North Atlantic Threaty Organization. Research tasks will be completed to reach research objective: to describe neoliberal institucionalism theory which allows investigating limitations of NATO in energy security field; To reveal context of evolution of energy security agenda in NATO; To investigate scope of implementation of NATO energy security means; To investigate energy security (non) cooperation of the security community. Quality research methods are used in the research: primary and secondary sources content analysis, experience and tracking, interviews. Conclusions. To deepen cooperation in the context of energy security for NATO countries is difficult because of national security priorities, national interests, economic – military dimension capabilities and huge diversity of institutions responsible for energy security agenda inside NATO. Energy security agenda meets minimal national interests requirement of all NATO members. Differiantiation among security community is huge. Priorities of minor powers leaves too few common points of interest for absolute benefit searchers – great powers of the alliance. Minor powers limits their cooperation in the energy security agenda because of possible costs on joint energy security initiaves. They not sacrifice short term gains (implementing priorities on national security capabilities) for long term gains. Hypothesis – H1: Diference between positions of NATO members stops from developing alliance energy security policy; Has been proven during the research. Hypothesis – H2 and H3 have been denied during the research