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Ekonomika i Organizacja Przedsiębiorstwa
Get PDFNiniejszy artykuł zawiera analizę ilościową upadłości przedsiębiorstw w Polsce i wybranych krajach na świecie w latach 1997-2015. Głównym celem było zobrazowanie skali tego zjawiska oraz ukazanie jego aktualnego trendu. Ponadto przeprowadzone badania dotyczące związków pomiędzy zmianami głównych mierników makroekonomicznych - produkt krajowy brutto, nakłady brutto na środki trwałe, popyt krajowy a zmianami liczby upadłości przedsiębiorstw. Dodatkowo została przeanalizowana korelacja pomiędzy zmianami wartości dodanej brutto różnych rodzajów produkcji a zmianami liczby upadłości działających tam firm. Przeprowadzone badania wskazały na dalszą potrzebę podejmowania badań w tym obszarzeThis paper provides a quantitative analysis of the bankruptcy of enterprises in Poland and in selected countries in the world in the years 1997-2015. The main objective was to present the scale of bankrupt companies and to show its current trend. In addition, studies on the correlation between changes in the main macroeconomic indicators - gross domestic product, gross fixed capital formation, domestic demand and changes in the number of bankrupt companies. It was also analyzed the correlation between changes in gross value added for various types of production and changes in the number of bankruptcies operating companies1101-11
Journal of Management and Financial Sciences
No full textThe purpose of this article is to outline the perspective of the history of economic thought as a important way of looking at economic problems. The author discuses reasons why this perspective can be more useful than others and chooses the widely discussed concept of the
human being in economics as an example. She discusses what characteristics different schools of economic thought attribute to the human being. Based on attitudes to human rationality, pursued goals or the meaning of social context, she distinguishes four basic models of the economic agent: classical, neoclassical, Marxian and heterodox. The author points out the links between changing anthropological assumptions and shifts in the dominant economic paradigm. She argues that with the current economic crisis we are witnessing a change in the perception of human behavior towards the heterodox one.2511-22
Turystyka Kulturowa
Get PDFTekst koncentruje się na zagadnieniach udziału i znaczenia dóbr kultury oraz dziedzictwa kulturowego w tworzeniu produktów turystycznych oraz umacnianiu pozycji konkurencyjnej regionów. W artykule omówione zostały ekonomiczne kategorie dóbr, które stanowią przedmiot podaży turystycznej, z uwzględnieniem dóbr kultury oraz dziedzictwa kulturowego. Pomiędzy dobrami kultury a turystyką zachodzą sprzężenia zwrotne. Elementy kultury stają się częścią podaży turystycznej, a z drugiej strony turystyka sprawia, iż realizowany jest popyt na dobra kulturowe. Turystyka pomaga zatem komercjalizować materialne i niematerialne wytwory człowieka. Głównym celem niniejszego opracowania jest identyfikacja metod wyceny dóbr nierynkowych, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem niematerialnego dziedzictwa kulturowego. Prezentowane metody znajdywały do tej pory zastosowanie przede wszystkim w wycenie elementów środowiska naturalnego. W kontekście przeglądu wybranych metod wyceny wartości dóbr nierynkowych omówione zostały ich słabe i mocne strony w przypadku ich zastosowania do pomiaru wartości dóbr kultury.The article focuses on importance of cultural goods and cultural heritage in creation of tourism products as well as in strengthening the competitive position of tourism regions. The authors describe the main economic goods’ categories, which can be a part of tourism supply (including cultural goods and cultural heritage). Tourism and culture influence one another. Cultural goods are part of tourism offer (supply). On the other hand, the tourism makes cultural goods attractive, creates demand for them. Tourism helps to commercialize tangible and intangible human inventions. The main goal of the paper is to identify valuation methods that could be used to assess the value of culture objects and cultural heritage. The authors concentrated on the methods that so far have been applied to valuate elements of environment. Taking into account the cultural heritage specifics, the authors analysed the advantages and disadvantages of the methods.459-6
The impact of firms' expectations & adjustments on the productivity cost of illness
Get PDFSickness-related absenteeism hinders firms' productivity and reduces output, an effect referred to as indirect cost (IC) and often included when assessing the burden of an illness or cost-effectiveness of a treatment. The companies may, however, foresee this risk and modify hiring or contracting policies. We present a model of a firm allowing to estimate IC while accounting for such adjustments. We show that the risk of illness does not change the general shape and properties of the (expected) marginal productivity function. We apply our model to several illustrative examples and show that firm's adjustments impact IC in an ambiguous way, depending on detailed company/market characteristics. Sometimes the company reduces the employment (further increasing IC), yet sometimes the opposite (even generating indirect gains). Contrary to previous literature findings, teamwork and shortfall penalties may reduce IC in some settings. Our analysis highlights that IC should be split into the result of companies preparing for and actually experiencing sick leaves, at least when friction cost approach is taken. To what extent the former counts as IC may depend on the (labour and good) market structure and the interpretation of equilibrium values. These considerations are usually not addressed in applied IC assessment, which may bias the results.2016-0081-27SGH KAE Working Papers Serie
Regional economic impact assessment with missing input-output data: a spatial econometrics approach for Poland
Get PDFWe propose a novel method of constructing multisector-multiregion input-output tables, based on the standard multisector tables and the tools of spatial econometrics. Voivodship-level (NUTS-2) and subregion-level data (NUTS-3) on sectoral value added is used to fit a spatial model, based on a modification of the Durbin model. The structural coeffi cients are calibrated, based on I-O multipliers, while the spatial weight matrices are estimated as parsimoniously parametrised functions of physical distance and limited supply in certain regions. We incorporate additional restrictions to derive proportions in which every cross-sectoral flow should be interpolated into cross-regional flow matrix. All calculations are based on publicly available data. The method is illustrated with an example of regional economic impact assessment for a generic construction company located in Eastern Poland.2016/0041-29SGH KAE Working Papers Serie
Ekonomiczne Problemy Turystyki
Get PDFW artykule przedstawiono wyniki analizy wybranych determinant egzo- i endogenicznych
wpływających na możliwość skutecznego funkcjonowania regionalnych organizacji
turystycznych w Polsce w formule klastrów turystycznych, a dalej skutków tego
typu przekształceń i ich wpływu na rozwój ruchu turystycznego w obszarach recepcji
turystycznej. Pomimo ujawnionej w przeglądzie literatury rozbieżności poglądów na temat
celowości modyfikacji systemu POT–ROT–LOT na podstawie idei klastrów, autorzy
zaproponowali model funkcjonowania regionalnych organizacji turystycznych (ROT)
w formule klastra turystycznego, wskazując cechy, działania i zadania pozwalające na
wdrożenie tego modelu do praktyki organizacyjnej, a w konsekwencji służące wzrostowi
skuteczności działania organizacji, a dalej implikujące zmiany w logistyce i jakości
obsługi ruchu turystycznego w regionie.The article presents the results of analysis of selected exogenous and endogenous determinants affecting their ability to effectively functioning regional tourist organizations in Poland in the formula of tourism clusters, and further the impact of such transformations and their impact on the development of tourism in the tourist reception areas. Despite disclosed in the literature review divergence of views on the advisability of modifications to the POT–ROT–LOT based on the idea of clusters, the authors proposed a model of the ROT in the
formula of a tourism cluster, indicating qualities, actions and tasks needed to implement this model into practice organization and, consequently, for an increase in the effectiveness of the organization, and further suggesting changes in logistics and service quality of tourism in the region.1135-15
Kwartalnik Kolegium Ekonomiczno-Społecznego Studia i Prace
No full textThe article explores institutional obstacles to the growth of Polish interwar foreign trade. Looking at interwar analyses of private entities and governmental agencies engaged in the trade, it shows the endemic organisational and institutional problems in the sector, linking them with belated modernisation of Polish lands in the XIX century. Seen in this light, the significant governmental engagement in and control of foreign trade can be seen as another example of state interven- tion trying to cover areas of insufficient modernisation. At the same time, the difficult situation of interwar Poland meant, that some governmental actions, while crucial from the point of view of monetary policy, were detrimental to the organisation of the foreign trade sector.391-10
Endogenous Labor Share Cycles: Theory and Evidence
Get PDFBased on long US time series we document a range of empirical properties of the labor's share of GDP. We identify its substantial medium-to-long run, pro-cylical swings and show that most of its variance lies beyond business-cycle frequencies. We explore the extent to which these empirical regularities can be
explained by a calibrated micro-founded, nonlinear growth model with normalized CES technology and endogenous labor- and capital augmenting technical change driven by purposeful directed R&D investments. We demonstrate that dynamic macroeconomic trade-offs created by arrivals of both types of new
technologies can lead to prolonged swings in the labor share (and other model variables) due to oscillatory convergence to the balanced growth path as well as emergence of limit cycles via Hopf bifurcations. Both predictions are consistent with the empirical evidence.1-55SGH KAE Working Papers Serie
Efficiency in spatially disaggregated labour market matching
Get PDFWe analyse the efficiency in a labour market matching process. We contribute to the literature by comparing different spatial aggregation levels - NUTS-1 to NUTS-4 and analysing monthly and annual perspectives. We use data for Poland, a country with highly regionally diversified unemployment rate. We apply a stochastic matching frontier model for random, job queuing and stock-flow frameworks and test properties of the efficiency. Heterogeneity in the labour market in spatial and temporal perspectives and determinants of the matching inefficiency imply that different measures of economic policy should be applied to improve the efficiency of the labour market matching process.2016/0101-26SGH KAE Working Papers Serie
Problemy energetyczne Polski. Cz. 1, Surowce
No full textThe article analyses the geographical and price evolution of Polish exports of coal, and explains the much smaller imports. Using detailed statistical data, it shows how state intervention (via support for and control of cartelisation of the sector) influenced prices achieved by Polish exporters. More generally, it places Polish coal policy within the wider set of balance-of-payment supporting measures.51–6