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Risk of incident cancer in patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease with prior breast cancer: a multicenter cohort study
No full textInternational audienceBackground and AimsBreast cancer is the most common malignancy observed in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). The aim of our study was to evaluate incident cancer rate (recurrence or new-onset cancer) in a cohort of IBD patients with a history of breast cancer according to the subsequent IBD treatment provided.MethodsA multicenter retrospective study included consecutive IBD patients with prior breast cancer. The inclusion date corresponded to the diagnosis of index malignancy. Follow-up lasted from cancer diagnosis until the occurrence of incident cancer.ResultsAmong 207 patients included (median disease duration: 13 years [IQR 6 - 21]), first line treatment (median interval of 28 months [IQR 7 - 64]) was a conventional immunosuppressant in 19.3 % of patients, anti-TNF in 19.8 %, vedolizumab in 7.2 % and ustekinumab in 1.9 %.After a median follow-up of 71 months [IQR, 34 - 148], 42 (20%) incident cancers were observed (34 breast cancer recurrences). Adjusted incidence rates per 1000 person-years were 10.2 (95%CI 6.0- 16.4) for the untreated arm and 28.9 (95%CI 11.6-59.6) for exposed patients (p= 0.0519). There was no significant difference between treated patients and controls regarding incident-cancer free survival rates (p=0.4796). In multivariable analysis, factors associated with incident cancer were stage T4d (p=0.036), triple negative tumor (p=0.016) and follow-up of less than 71 months (p=0.005).ConclusionWe did not find a statistically significant increase in incident breast cancer related to IBD treatment beyond the already known poor prognostic factors of breast cancer
Binding energies, charge radii, spins and moments: odd-odd Ag isotopes and discovery of a new isomer
No full textInternational audienceWe report on the masses and hyperfine structure of ground and isomeric states in Ag isotopes, measured with the phase-imaging ion-cyclotron-resonance technique (PI-ICR) with the JYFLTRAP mass spectrometer and the collinear laser spectroscopy beamline at the Ion Guide Isotope Separator On-Line (IGISOL) facility, Jyväskylä, Finland. We measured the masses and excitation energies, electromagnetic moments, and charge radii, and firmly established the nuclear spins of the long-lived states. A new isomer was discovered in Ag and the half-lives of Ag long-lived states were reevaluated. We unambiguously pinned down the level ordering of all long-lived states, placing the inversion of the and states at . Lastly, we compared the electromagnetic moments of each state to empirical single-particle moments to identify the dominant configuration where possible
Li3V2(PO4)3 sintering atmosphere optimisation for its integration in all-solid-state batteries
No full textInternational audienceIntegration of active materials into the architecture of all-solid-state batteries represents a significant scientific inquiry. Li3V2(PO4)3 (LVP), a positive and negative electrode active material for Li-ion batteries, has been subject to extensive research to elucidate its electrochemical behaviour during cycling processes. However, the comprehensive analysis of its thermal behaviour under different sintering atmosphere conditions has remained underexplored, particularly in the context of its compatibility with solid electrolytes. This study presents a meticulous study of sintering process under different atmospheres with precise control over oxygen partial pressure. Interestingly, we were able to sinter LVP and obtain dense, pure ceramic phase under slightly oxidising atmosphere, characterized by conductivity properties analogous to those observed in samples sintered under Ar/H2 conditions. The findings of this investigation contribute to the understanding of the optimal conditions required for the sintering of LVP, paving the way for the co-sintering of this material with inorganic solid electrolyte unstable under reducing atmosphere, such as LATP
Production of furfural: From kinetics to process assessment
No full textInternational audienceThe valorization of lignocellulosic biomass from waste into high-value-added molecules has gained tremendous attention due to its availability and non-competition with food. Furfural, a prominent platform molecule is exclusively derived from lignocellulosic biomass and a promising platform for biofuels. Existing literature provides numerous reviews on furfural production, focusing on the catalyst and solvent effects. There is a notable gap concerning its kinetics and overall process assessment. To address this, we investigated different lignocellulosic biomass pretreatment methods while considering their economic and environmental implications from a process assessment and sustainability standpoint. Within the framework of this review, recent progress in the production of furfural was discussed while considering the effects of catalysts, solvents, and operating conditions. Furthermore, the reaction pathways and kinetic models proposed for furfural production both directly from lignocellulosic biomass and xylose were discussed. Additionally, recent and innovative process intensification and purification technologies for furfural were examined. Finally, we proposed a sustainable process for obtaining furfural directly from lignocellulosic biomass which can be easily implemented in an industrial scale setting while abiding by the green chemistry principles. This review consolidates current knowledge on furfural production, integrates critical aspects often overlooked in previous studies, and outlines a pathway toward a robust and environmentally sound industrial process for furfural synthesis from renewable biomass sources
Debinding and sintering optimization of stereolithography based silicon nitride parts for attaining centimetric wall-thickness shapes
No full textInternational audienceStereolithography of UV-curable ceramic suspensions is an additive manufacturing technique with high precision and great resolution to fabricate complex ceramic parts. While it widens the possibilities of applications, one of the drawback of this method is the low wallthickness of the parts. The polymers forming the network structure upon cross-linking undergo pyrolysis in a step called debinding. During debinding, the gaseous compounds going through evacuation channels create internal pressures, often resulting in crack formation. So far, the critical wall-thickness where crackfree parts are obtained is located around 4 millimeters for silicon nitride. This paper reports the successful debinding of silicon nitride parts obtained by stereolithography. Thanks to an optimization of the debinding relying on TGA analysis, defectless parts with a wall-thickness of up to 11 mm were obtained, yielding parts of 9 mm after sintering. The mechanical properties were measured, showing values equivalent to silicon nitride obtained through conventional methods.</div
E-personae : notice d’utilisation de l’environnement prosopographique
No full textManuel d'utilisation de l'environnement prosopographique numérique
Des changements climatiques aux évolutions hydro-sédimentaires : modéliser pour anticiper le futur des grands fleuves
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Not early, not late, but developing: Children's “good-enough” understanding of metaphors
No full textInternational audienceTo date, the debate over the age at which children begin to understand metaphors remains unresolved. Do children begin to acquire comprehension early, around age 3 to 4, or later, around age 8? One way to answer this question is to use the notion of "good-enough" comprehension proposed by Ferreira et al. (2002) and to hypothesize that young children understand metaphors in a “good enough” manner while older children understand them in a more precise and accurate manner. This hypothesis was tested using a task where children were asked to assess the extent to which more or less precise and relevant rephrasings resembled nominal metaphors. We therefore sought to (1) differentiate between "good-enough" and "good" (precise and accurate) understanding in school-age children and (2) show that the former appears earlier than the latter during development. Data collected from 300 children aged 5 to 11 suggest that both goals were reached. These results suggest that, while metaphorical abilities emerge early, comprehension processes then evolve during childhood, with a refinement of understanding between 7 and 9 years old. These results may open a path to reconcile the proponents of early acquisition with those of later acquisition
Chaotic dynamics, topological analysis and flat analog electronic control by physiological signals of a neurally-inspired system
No full textInternational audienceA novel abstract bicompartmental neural model based on a cubic nonlinearity, consisting of introducing a Josephson junction as a coupling element, is presented. Through numerical simulations and experimental measurements involving an analog electronic circuit, it is found that the system can generate a double-scroll chaotic attractor endowed with a remarkably complex topology. This is accompanied by diversification of the spectral signature across its four variables and multistability. An analysis of the global observability and controllability is conducted, leading to the synthesis of a flat controller that can steer the dynamics towards those of structurally different entities, as exemplified by a modified Lorenz system. The first analog realization of flat control is then introduced. The possibility of low-latency and high-accuracy manipulation of the dynamics is demonstrated by considering the challenging case of tracking extraneous external signals, namely, physiological recordings indexing autonomic and central nervous system activity. Besides showing the flexibility and adaptability of the approach, the controller enables the concomitant generation of multiple additional signals with spectrogram features compared to the individual inputs, offering a promising substrate for future applications in physical time series data augmentation
Design and application of low pressure and low temperature facility to study aeronautical flame during pull-away
No full textInternational audienceIgnition and re-ignition in aeronautical engines are vital for ensuring operability, especially under high-altitude conditions where low pressure, low temperature, and reduced flow rates impact fuel atomization and evaporation, leading to potential flame instability or extinction. To address this, a High Altitude Re-ignition for gas Turbine (HARTur) facility is developed to replicate conditions at altitudes of up to 30 000 ft and to study the pull-away phase of re-ignition where the engine accelerates from wind-milling to idle conditions. This facility simulates thermodynamic conditions similar to those in aeronautical combustion chambers during pull-away, with pressures as low as 30 kPa and temperatures down to 248 K. HARTur has been designed to characterize the performance of rich-quench-lean injection systems through global combustion efficiency analysis and extinction limits. This study details the facility setup, calibration, and experimental results for four operating conditions during pull-away. Combustion efficiency is estimated from burned gas temperature measurements obtained via pressure drop across a nozzle at the combustion chamber exit. Operating points near atmospheric conditions achieve higher combustion efficiencies compared to low-pressure and low-temperature conditions, where the flame is more susceptible to extinguishing from minor disturbances, which narrows the pull-away corridor. In-depth local analyses of spray and flame structures, performed using advanced optical diagnostics (laser tomography, planar laser-induced fluorescence, and particle image velocimetry), revealed that low-temperature, low-pressure conditions widen spray angles, degrade atomization, and destabilize recirculation zones, leading to potential flame extinction. These findings underscore the importance of optimizing injector designs and metering strategies to enhance engine operability under extreme conditions