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Regret après une stérilisation tubaire : profil des femmes entreprenant une démarche médicale en vue d'une nouvelle grossesse
No full textObjective: to study the profile and motivations of a population of women who regret their tubal sterilization sufficiently to undertake a medical procedure with a view to surgical repermeabilization or in-vitro fertilization treatment. Method: a monocentric, retrospective, descriptive, mixed-method study at Caen University Hospital, based on a study of files from the assisted reproduction department, of women who had undergone tubal sterilization and were requesting in-vitro fertilization, and on semi-structured interviews to record personal trajectories. No tubal repermeabilization could be found during the study period. Results: it’s not possible to detect a profile of women predisposed to regret, as each woman has a different life course. However, we did find similarities between the factors influencing regret and those reported in the literature, notably the role of marital instability at the time of requesting tubal sterilization. Conclusion: before any definitive contraception is carried out, it is the professional's duty to provide clear and comprehensive information, so that the patient can make an autonomous and free choice of contraception. The introduction of a joint consultation with a psychologist could provide a better understanding of each patient's individual pathway.Objectif : étudier le profil et les motivations d'une population de femmes regrettant suffisamment leur stérilisation tubaire pour entreprendre une démarche médicale en vue d'une intervention de reperméabilisation chirurgicale ou d'un traitement de fécondation in-vitro Méthode : étude mixte descriptive, rétrospective monocentrique au CHU de Caen, reposant sur une étude de dossier issus du service de procréation médicalement assistée, des femmes ayant bénéficiée d’une stérilisation tubaire et faisant la demande de fécondation in-vitro, ainsi que sur des entretiens semi-dirigés afin de recueillir les trajectoires personnelles. Aucune reperméabilisation tubaire n’a pu être retrouvé sur la période étudiée. Résultats : il n’est pas possible de détecter un profil de femme prédisposé au regret, chaque femme ayant un parcours de vie différent. Cependant, nous constatons des similitudes des facteurs pouvant influencer ce regret par rapport à la littérature, notamment le rôle de l’instabilité conjugale au moment de la demande de stérilisation tubaire. Conclusion : avant toute réalisation de contraception définitive, le devoir du professionnel est de délivrer une information claire et complète afin que le patient puisse choisir en toute autonomie et de manière libre ce choix de contraception. L’instauration d’une consultation conjointe avec un psychologue pourrait offrir une meilleure compréhension de chaque parcours et de chaque individu
The effect of the mineral matrix during thermal analysis of polymers: Implications for microplastics characterization
No full text(IF 6.2;Q1)International audienceThe exponential growth of global plastic production complicates waste management, leading to the accumulation of microplastics in the environment. Currently, the identification and quantification of microplastics rely on various analytical methods that often require sample pretreatments, which can introduce errors.The Rock-Eval® thermal method, through the total quantity of hydrocarbon (Total HC parameter) and the temperature of their maximum release (Tpeak), identifies and quantifies polymers when individually analyzed. However, mineral matrices in natural sediments can influence these parameters. In this study, synthetic mixtures of various mineral matrices and polymers were analyzed using the thermal Rock-Eval® method.Three effects of mineral matrices on the thermal degradation of polymers have been identified: (1) catalysis, which accelerates the polymer degradation;(2) multimodal inhibition, characterized by a fractionated release of hydrocarbons, first at expected pyrolysis temperatures and then at higher temperatures; and (3) retention, which reduces total HC released. The same mineral matrix can produce different effects depending on the type of polymer with which it is mixed. For instance, illite catalyzes the degradation of polyethylene (PE), but inhibits that of polyethylene terephthalate (PET).Despite these effects, linear regressions between the Total HC and polymer content in synthetic mixtures provide a coefficient of determination (r²) of 0.99, confirming that matrix effects do not hinder polymer quantification. Furthermore, mixtures with natural matrices show effects comparable to those observed with synthetic matrices.These findings represent a first step towards understanding the effects of the matrix and confirm the possibility of using the thermal Rock-Eval® method as a simple tool to identify and quantify microplastic pollution in natural sediments
Performance Comparison of Deep Reinforcement Learning Algorithms for Voltage Control of Buck Converter Feeding CPL in DC Microgrid
No full textInternational audienc
Clues to Revising the Conventional Diagnostic Algorithm for Endometriosis
No full textInternational audienceEndometriosis is a complex gynecologic disorder characterized primarily by symptoms of pelvic pain, infertility, and altered quality of life. National and international guidelines highlight the diagnostic difficulties and lack of conclusive diagnostic tools for endometriosis. Furthermore, guidelines are becoming questionable at an increasingly rapid rate as new diagnostic techniques emerge. This work aims to provide a knowledge synthesis of the relevance of various diagnostic tools and to assess areas of improvement of conventional algorithms. MEDLINE and Cochrane Library databases were searched from January 2021 to December 2023 using relevant key words. Articles evaluating the diagnostic relevance and performance of various tools were included and independently reviewed by the authors for eligibility. Included studies were assessed using the GRADE and QUADAS-2 tools. Of the 4204 retrieved articles, 26 were included. While anamnesis and clinical examination do contribute to diagnostic accuracy, their level of evidence and impact on the diagnostic process remains limited. Although imaging techniques are recommended to investigate endometriosis, ultrasonography remains highly operator dependent. Magnetic resonance imaging appears to exhibit higher sensitivities than ultrasound. However, concerns persist with regards to the terminology, anatomical definition of lesions, and accuracies of both ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging. Recently, several biological markers have been studied and cumulative evidence supports the contribution of noncoding RNAs to the diagnosis of endometriosis. Marginal improvements have been suggested for anamnesis, clinical examination, and imaging examinations. Conversely, some biomarkers, including the saliva microRNA signature for endometriosis, have emerged as diagnostic tools which inspire reflection on the revision of conventional diagnostic algorithms
[Sanctions civiles] Faux sur toute la ligne ! Mauvaise applicationdes textes
No full textAutre titre possible : Faux sur toute la ligne ! Cassation de l'arrêt en sanctions qui n'a pas fait bonne application des textes relatifs à la responsabilité pour insuffisance d'actif et à l'interdiction de gérer.International audienceCass. com., 26 mars 2025, n° 23-20.668, F-D : JurisData n° 2025-003649.Si le pouvoir de sanctions relève de l’appréciation souverainedes juges du fond, il faut encore respecter le cadre légal. La courd’appel de Bastia a été ici particulièrement légère dans leurprononcé. [...
A putative new melatonin binding site in sheep brain, MTx: preliminary observations and characteristics
No full textInternational audienceIn mammals, MT1 and MT2 melatonin receptors are high affinity G protein-coupled receptors and are thought to be involved in the integration of the melatonin signaling throughout the brain and periphery. In the present study, we describe a new melatonin binding site, named MTx, with a peculiar pharmacological profile. This site had a low affinity for 2-[125I]-melatonin in saturation assays in hypothalamus and retina (pKD = 9.13 \plus minus\ 0.05, Bmax = 1.12 \plus minus\ 0.11 fmol/mg protein and pKD = 8.81 \plus minus\ 0.50, Bmax = 7.65 \plus minus\ 2.64 fmol/mg protein, respectively) and a very high affinity, in competition assays, for melatonin (pKi = 13.08 \plus minus\ 0.18), and other endogenous compounds. Using autoradiography, we showed a preferential localization of the MTx in periventricular areas of the sheep brain, with a density 3 to 8 times higher than those observed for ovine MT1 In addition, using a set of well-characterized ligands, we showed that this site did not correspond to any of the following receptors: MT1, MT2, MT3 , D1, D2, noradrenergic, nor 5-HT2 Based on its affinity for melatonin, MTx did not seem to be implicated in the integration of cerebral melatonin concentration variations since they were saturating for MTx. Nevertheless, it remained of prime importance because of its periventricular distribution, in close contact with the CSF, and its peculiar pharmacological profile responding to both melatoninergic and serotoninergic compounds. Significance Statement Herein a putative new melatonin binding site is described in sheep brain parts in close contact with the 3rd ventricle. The characteristics of the pharmacological profile of this site is different from anything previously reported in the literature. The present work forms the basis of future full pharmacological characterization
Reliability of an Electronic Uterine Diagram to Standardize Intrauterine Adhesion Scoring
No full textInternational audienceSTUDY OBJECTIVE: To study the inter-rater reliability of an electronic complementary uterine diagram (electronic American Fertility Society [eAFS] freely available at https://bit.ly/eAFS-score) in comparison with the conventional American Fertility Society (cAFS) intrauterine adhesion (IUA) scoring system. As a secondary aim, we wanted to assess the intra-rater reliability of these tools. DESIGN: This was an observational cross-over study with a nested test-retest design. SETTING: Self-identified gynecologists who performed diagnostic hysteroscopy as part of their routine practice were asked to score IUA on 7 preselected videos using both cAFS and eAFS tools in 2 separate rounds. The order of use of tools was determined at random. Gynecologists who agreed to be involved in a third round were asked to use the tool they were allocated to in the first round to assess intra-rater variability. PATIENTS: No patients were recruited for the purpose of this study. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Inter-rater agreement between evaluators when using eAFS and cAFS for IUA scoring. Overall, the inter-rater agreement was fair (0.25; confidence interval [CI], 0.17-0.34) for cAFS and moderate (0.53; CI, 0.48-0.58) for the eAFS tool. The biggest difference between both tools was seen in the "extent of cavity involved" component, which was fair (0.28; CI, 0.21-0.35) vs substantial (0.71; CI, 0.64-0.78) for cAFS vs eAFS, respectively. Moreover, agreement coefficients were comparable among "expert" and "non-expert" evaluators with the use of the eAFS tool. In addition, intra-rater perfect agreement was higher with the use of eAFS than cAFS (38% vs 32.5%). CONCLUSION: The current AFS IUA scoring system has fair inter-rater agreement. However, using a complementary electronic uterine diagram increased this agreement from fair to moderate overall and from fair to substantial in the "extent of adhesions" domain of the tool. The use of the electronic diagram also improved inter-rater agreement among non-experts making it comparable with that of experts
Le référendum d’initiative partagée : l’avenir d’une illusion ? Étude sur l’office du juge constitutionnel des initiatives référendaires
No full textId : RDP200t7 / Réf : RDP juin 2025, n° RDP200t7.International audienceAprès six décisions RIP, par lesquelles le Conseil constitutionnel vérifie la recevabilité des propositions de loi référendaire sur le fondement de l’article 11 de la Constitution, l’heure du bilan de cette nouvelle jurisprudence a sonné. Entre contrôle formel (voire formaliste) de la procédure et contrôle substantiel de la constitutionnalité, le contentieux RIP paraît peu lisible, tant il se concentre sur des éléments qui n’avaient pas forcément été anticipés par le constituant et le législateur, comme la notion de « réforme ». Pour le moment, la conséquence de ce contentieux est un blocage des initiatives du RIP lorsqu’il est utilisé par l’opposition parlementaire comme instrument contre-majoritaire. L’article explique l’émergence de cet usage conventionnel du nouveau mécanisme référendaire, et propose des pistes d’évolution du contentieux afin de le rationaliser et, par là, d’assumer le potentiel démocratique du RIP en déverrouillant les conditions strictes de sa mise en œuvre
Roots and Wings for a Better World at the 18th International Congress on Catalysis in Lyon, France
No full textInternational audienceWith the motto “Roots and Wings for a Better World”, the 18th International Congress on Catalysis, held in Lyon, France, from July 14th to 19th, 2024, has been an invaluable forum for the catalysis community to share its most advanced results. The dense and high-quality scientific program along with a vibrant exhibition and friendly social events have made this edition highly memorable
