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”Kuin olisi taloon tullut rakkaita vieraita”. Lajienvälisen rakkauden rajat Hanna Järven Töyhtöpään tarinassa
Get PDF Hanna Järven Töyhtöpään tarina (1915) on tehostuvaa munantuotantoa käsittelevä nuortenromaani. Kirja kuvaa 15-vuotiaan Taunon ensimmäistä vuotta kananhoitajana pientilalla, ja yksityiskohtaisen kananhoitokuvauksen vuoksi se toimii myös kertomusmuotoisena kananhoito-oppaana. Teos on poikkeuksellinen siinä, miten runsaasti ja monipuolisesti se kuvaa kanojen tunteita, aistimuksia, kokemuksia ja ajatuksia sekä Taunon ja kanojen välisiä suhteita. Kirjassa on muun muassa paljon kanojen keskinäistä ja kanojen ja Taunon välistä dialogia. Taloudellista voittoa tavoitteleva kananhoito oli kymmenluvun Suomessa harvinaista, joten aluksi kyläläiset nauravat kanojen kanssa työskentelevälle Taunolle, joka piiloutuukin ihmisyhteisöltään eräänlaiseen kaappiin. Kun Taunon kananpito alkaa tuottaa munia ja rahaa, Taunosta tulee arvostettu yhteisönsä jäsen. Tässä artikkelissa pohdin queer-lähestymistapojen avulla, millaiset kanojen ja ihmisten väliset suhteet ovat hyväksyttäviä tai ylipäätään mahdollisia Töyhtöpään tarinan kuvaamassa munantuotannon maailmassa. Osoitan, että munantuotanto kontekstina asettaa tiukat rajat niin sille, miten ihmiset voivat kanoihin suhtautua kuin sillekin, miten kanojen mieliä voidaan kaunokirjallisuudessa kuvata. </p
Sleep promotion appearing in nursing documentations – a descriptive study
No full textSleep is essential for health and well-being. The hospital is a challenging environment for sleeping and inpatients are at risk for insufficient and poor-quality sleep. Nurses have an important role to promote patients’ sleep and well-being. The quality of sleep should be assessed, and the activities taken should be documented accordingly. The aim of this study was to describe nursing activities of sleep promotion according to the nursing documentation. The data were collected from nursing documentations in electronic patient records of 50 + 50 patients in two central hospitals in Finland. The data were analysed using deductive content analysis. According to documentation, nurses promoted patients’ sleep in many ways. They treated sleep-disturbing symptoms, arranged a good sleeping environment and supported patients’ emotional well-being. Nurses also comprehensively observed patients’ sleep and documented it. Many sleep-promoting activities were not done intentionally to promote sleep but are known to be such according to previous studies. Nursing documentation gives a comprehensive picture of sleep promotion as part of nursing care. Sleep is assessed and various activities are in use, although not always intentionally. Nurse managers have an important role ensuring the use of evidence and that nurses have enough knowledge to promote patients’ sleep
Ultraluminous X-ray sources as neutrino pulsars
No full textThe classical limit on the accretion luminosity of a neutron star is given by the Eddington luminosity. The advanced models of accretion on to magnetized neutron stars account for the appearance of magnetically confined accretion columns and allow the accretion luminosity to be higher than the Eddington value by a factor of tens. However, the recent discovery of pulsations from ultraluminous X-ray source (ULX) in NGC 5907 demonstrates that the accretion luminosity can exceed the Eddington value up to by a factor of 500. We propose a model explaining observational properties of ULX-1 in NGC 5907 without any ad hoc assumptions. We show that the accretion column at extreme luminosity becomes advective. Enormous energy release within a small geometrical volume and advection result in very high temperatures at the bottom of accretion column, which demand to account for the energy losses due to neutrino emission which can be even more effective than the radiation energy losses. We show that the total luminosity at the mass accretion rates above 1021 g s(-1) is dominated by the neutrino emission similarly to the case of core-collapse supernovae. We argue that the accretion rate measurements based on detected photon luminosity in case of bright ULXs powered by neutron stars can be largely underestimated due to intense neutrino emission. The recently discovered pulsating ULX-1 in galaxy NGC 5907 with photon luminosity of similar to 10(41) erg s(-1) is expected to be even brighter in neutrinos and is thus the first known Neutrino Pulsar
The Swedish Kinship Universe – A demographic account of the number of children, parents, siblings, grandchildren, grandparents, aunts/uncles, nieces/nephews, and cousins using national population registers
No full textGiven that surprisingly little is known about the demography of human kinship, we provide a demographic account of the kinship networks of individuals in Sweden in 2017 across sex and cohort between ages 0 and 102. We used administrative register data of the full population of Sweden to provide the first kinship enumeration for a complete population based on empirical data. We created ego-focused kinship networks of children, parents, siblings, grandchildren, grandparents, aunts and uncles, nieces and nephews, and cousins. We show the average number of kin of different types, the distribution of the number of kin, and changes in dispersion over time. A large share of all kin of an individual are horizontal kin, such as cousins. We observe the highest number of kin—on average, roughly 20—around age 35. We show differences between matrilineal and patrilineal kin and differences in the kinship structure arising from fertility with more than one childbearing partner, such as half-siblings. The results demonstrate substantial variability in kinship within a population. We discuss our findings in the context of other methods to estimate kinship.</p
A real-world study on the impact of infection load on mortality in multiple myeloma patients in Finland
No full textInfections are a clinically significant cause of mortality in multiple myeloma (MM) patients. The high number of infections in MM patients is due to the immunosuppressive effects of the disease itself as well as treatment-related immunosuppression. In this real-world evidence (RWE) study, we used several nationwide healthcare registries of Finland to investigate the effect of infection load on mortality in MM patients during 1997-2021. The highest number of infections was recorded during the first year after MM diagnosis. In patients who received allogenic or autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT), the number of infections during the first two years post diagnosis was significantly higher than in those treated without ASCT. When compared to their age-, sex-, and region-matched controls, MM patients accrued more infections during the year prior to diagnosis. Intriguingly, patients under 70 years old had significantly more infections already 3 years before diagnosis when compared to their matched controls. Prior to MM diagnosis, the relative proportion of streptococcal septicaemia and pneumonia due to Streptococcus pneumoniae increased the most. Of note, even one recorded infection prior to diagnosis was associated with significantly shorter median overall survival. Importantly, Cox proportional hazard models show that recorded infections both before and after diagnosis increase the independent risk of mortality in MM patients
Leveraging Movement Representation from Contrastive Learning for Asteroid Detection
No full textTo support asteroid-related studies, current motion detectors are utilized to select moving object candidates based on their visualizations and movements in sequences of sky exposures. However, the existing detectors encounter the manual parameter settings which require experts to assign proper parameters. Moreover, although the deep learning approach could automate the detection process, these approaches still require synthetic images and hand-engineered features to improve their performance. In this work, we propose an end-to-end deep learning model consisting of two branches. The first branch is trained with contrastive learning to extract a contrastive feature from sequences of sky exposures. This learning method encourages the model to capture a lower-dimensional representation, ensuring that sequences with moving sources (i.e., potential asteroids) are distinct from those without moving sources. The second branch is designed to learn additional features from the sky exposure sequences, which are then concatenated into the movement features before being processed by subsequent layers for the detection of asteroid candidates. We evaluate our model on sufficiently long-duration sequences and perform a comparative study with detection software. Additionally, we demonstrate the use of our model to suggest potential asteroids using photometry filtering. The proposed model outperforms the baseline model for asteroid streak detection by +7.70% of f1-score. Moreover, our study shows promising performance for long-duration sequences and improvement after adding the contrastive feature. Additionally, we demonstrate the uses of our model with the filtering to detect potential asteroids in wide-field detection using the long-duration sequences. Our model could complement the software as it suggests additional asteroids to its detection result
Kyberturvan pelisäännöt pienyrityksille
No full textKyberturva on laaja aihe, mutta pitää sisällään yksinkertaisia toimenpiteitä. Tämä opas kokoaa yhteen kyberturvan pelisäännöt pienyrittäjille ja tavallisille ihmisille, jotka tarvitsevat tukea kyberturvan kanssa. Oppaan alkupuoli käsittelee pienyrityksille tärkeitä prosesseja ja kyberturvan hallintaa - kriittisen tiedon suojausta, riskien tunnistusta ja yrityksen kyberturvan tason arviointia. Oppaan viimeinen luku kokoaa yhteen kyberturvan tärkeimmät pelisäännöt, jotka soveltuvat kaikille.</p
Nuoruus korona-ajan kaupungissa: Tutkimus nuorten vapaa-ajasta, jalkautuvasta nuorisotyöstä ja huolikasaumista
No full textHigh variability in physician estimations of flow-diverting stent deployment versus PreSize Neurovascular software simulation: a comparison study
No full textBackground: Physician variablity in preoperative planning of endovascular implant deployment and associated inaccuracies have not been documented. This study aimed to quantify the variability in accuracy of physician flow diverter (FD) planning and directly compares it with PreSize Neurovascular (Oxford Heartbeat Ltd) software simulations.Methods: Eight experienced neurointerventionalists (NIs), blinded to procedural details, were provided with preoperative 3D rotational angiography (3D-RA) volumetric data along with images annotated with the distal landing location of a deployed Surpass Evolve (Stryker Neurovascular) FD from 51 patient cases. NIs were asked to perform a planning routine reflecting their normal practice and estimate the stent's proximal landing using volumetric data and the labeled dimensions of the FD used. Equivalent deployed length estimation was performed using PreSize software. NI- and software-estimated lengths were compared with postprocedural observed deployed stent length (control) using Bland-Altman plots. NI assessment agreement was assessed with the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC).Results: The mean accuracy of NI-estimated deployed FD length was 81% (±15%) versus PreSize's accuracy of 95% (±4%), demonstrating significantly higher accuracy for the software (pConclusions: The study quantified experienced physicians' significant variablity in predicting an FD deployment with current planning approaches. In comparison, PreSize-simulated FD deployment was consistently more accurate and reliable, demonstrating its potential to improve standard of practice.</p
Käännöstieteen väitöskirjat Suomessa 1984–2024
Get PDFFinnish Translation Studies (TS) were launched when translator training was transferred from the language institutes to universities in 1981. The first doctoral (PhD) dissertations in the discipline were defended in Finland in the 1980s. The aim of this article, which is based on a structured literature review (Pięta 2017; Pięta et al. 2023), is to provide an overview of Finnish PhD dissertations in TS from 1984 to 2024. The study first distinguishes a PhD dissertation in TS from a PhD dissertation dealing with translation in neighbouring disciplines: the former is a study in which translation/interpretation is the focus of the research design and which may be theoretical, descriptive or applied in nature (see Holmes 1972). On this basis, 94 doctoral theses have been selected for a meta-analysis. The findings show that he highest number of studies was in the branch of Descriptive TS and the lowest in Applied TS. The most common research topic was literary translation, whereas only three dissertations dealt with translation technology. </p