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Musiikki aivohalvauksen stressireaktioiden hillitsijänä
Get PDFAivohalvaus on merkittävä kansantaloutta rasittava ja yksilön elämänlaatua heikentävä sairaus. Panostus akuuttivaiheen kuntoutukseen on keskeistä myöhemmän sairastavuuden ja toimintakyvyn heikkenemisen ehkäisemiseksi. Käytettäessä musiikkia standardihoidon lisänä aivohalvauspotilaiden kuntoutuminen tehostuu. Musiikkikuntoutus on edullista ja helppoa toteuttaa. Aivoinfarktissa iskemian aiheuttama hapenpuute aiheuttaa stressireaktion, mikä voidaan mitata fysiologisina stressimuuttujina, mielialan heikkenemisenä ja ahdistuksen lisääntymisenä. Seerumin suuri kortisolipitoisuus sekä masennus ennustavat itsenäisesti huonoa toiminnallista lopputulosta ja kortisoli myös lisääntynyttä kuolleisuutta. Musiikin kuuntelu hillitsee näitä stressireaktioita; kortisolipitoisuus pienenee ja mieliala paranee. Musiikin kohentaman mielialan myötä potilaat osallistuvat kuntoutusharjoitteisiin aktiivisemmin, mikä on keskeistä toimintakyvyn palautumiselle. Musiikin kuuntelu myös lisää suoraan aivojen muovautuvuutta, aktivoi aivoja laaja-alaisesti ja tehostaa aivoverenkiertoa
Johann Wilhelm von Archenholtz’s England und Italien (1785) and its British Travellee-Rewriters
Get PDFThis article examines the reception and translation of the first part of Johann Wilhelm von Archenholtz’s (1741-1812) England und Italien (Leipzig 1785) in Britain. First entering the British public sphere in French translation just before the French Revolution, the work also appeared in two English translations, A Picture of England (London 1789) and A View of the British Constitution (Edinburgh 1794), the latter of which was later reprinted as A Picture of England (London 1797). While Archenholtz’s work is known as a prime example of German Anglophilia, the article argues that the reactions of its British translators and reviewers – who are here conceptualised as “travellee-rewriters” – show that contemporary interpretations of Archenholtz’s political message merit closer attention. As these reactions show, Archenholtz’s England provided British subjects with a textual space in which to deliberate how their kingdom’s constitution related to republicanism and the notion of the “free state”.</p
Both youth and long-term vitamin D status is associated with risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in adulthood: a cohort study
No full textObjectives: To determine whether vitamin D status in childhood and adolescence (herein collectivelyreferred to as youth) and the long-term status from youth to adulthood is associatedwith risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and impaired fasting glucose (IFG) inadulthood.Materials and methods: This was a 31-year follow-up study of 2300 participants aged 3–18years. Multinomial logistic regression was used to assess the association of both (a) baseline 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) levels and (b) the mean of baseline and the latest follow-up 25OHDlevels (continuous variable and quartiles) with incident T2DM and IFG (cut-off¼5.6mmol/L) inadult life.Results: High serum 25OHD levels in youth and also mean values from youth to adulthoodwere associated with reduced risk of developing T2DM in adulthood (odds ratio, 95% confidenceinterval¼0.73, 0.57–0.95 and 0.65, 0.51–0.84, respectively, for each SD increment in 25OHD).Compared to Q1, a dose-dependent negative association was observed across other quartiles ofyouth 25OHD, while the strongest association was found in the Q3 for the mean 25OHD levels.Neither youth nor the mean 25OHD was associated with IFG.Conclusions: High serum 25OHD levels in youth, and from child to adult life, were associatedwith a reduced risk of developing T2DM in adulthood.KEY MESSAGESHigh serum 25OHD levels in youth, and between youth and adulthood, were associated witha lower risk of T2DM in adulthood.Each SD (15.2 nmol/L) increment in youth serum 25OHD levels was associated with a 26%reduction in odds for T2DM, which was independent of a number of confounding variablesand other risk factors for T2DM. A similar magnitude of association was observed for thelong-term 25OHD levels between youth and adulthood.These findings suggest a potentially simple and cost-effective strategy for reducing adulthoodrisk of T2DM starting in an earlier stage of life – improving and maintaining vitamin D statusthroughout youth and early adulthood.</p
Developing a classification model for graphic devices in early printed books
Get PDFThis article examines visual modes of information transmission in early modern English books. Images, tables, diagrams, and other graphic devices may be used to support or illustrate the text and to communicate information difficult or even impossible to convey via words alone. Previously established models of graphic representation generally focus either on individual devices or device types, or aim to construct taxonomies of present-day materials; little has been done to combine these approaches to create historical taxonomies of visual communication. This article presents a model for classifying graphic devices in early English print, 1473-1700, based on a cross-disciplinary review of previous scholarly work on graphic and visual devices, and discusses the methodology of constructing a taxonomy of devices suitable for historical, diachronic research.</p
Sanattomat tunteet: Itku avainmuistona 1920−1930-luvun lapsuuden kipeisiin köyhyyskokemuksiin
Get PDFVuosisadan alussa agraarista Suomea koetteli kaksi suurta kriisiä: vuoden 1918 sisällissota ja sitä seurannut nälänhätä sekä 1930-luvun lama. Haastavat ajat ja yleinen niukkuus pakottivat monet perheet antamaan lapsensa elätettäviksi toiseen perheeseen. Köyhyys ja sijoituslapsuus on aiheuttanut kipeitä kokemuksia ja tunnemuistoja, joista puhuminen on ollut vaikeaa vielä vuosikymmeniä myöhemmin. Tässä artikkelissa pohdin, kuinka tutkija voi tavoittaa sanattomia tunteita kirjoitetusta muistitietoaineistosta. Tutkimuskysymykseni on, mitä lapsuuden muistot itkemisestä voivat kertoa sijoituslasten köyhyyden kokemuksista?Artikkelin tutkimusaineisto on koottu vuonna 1985 järjestetystä kilpakeruukyselystä Sosiaalihuollon perinnekeruu (SKS). Teoreettisena viitekehyksenä on kokemushistoriallisesti virittynyt muistitietotutkimus sekä tunteiden historia. Mikrohistorian johtolankametodia sekä lähilukua soveltaen tutkin, miten itkumuistot avaavat lapsilähtöisen näkökulman sijoituslasten arkeen ja köyhyyden pitkäaikaisiin vaikutuksiin. Itkumuistojen perusteella sijoituslapsuuden kipeitä kokemuksia olivat eron hetki vanhemmista, nälkä, kiusaaminen, yksinäisyys ja väkivalta. Toisaalta muistot valottavat myös lasten sosiaalisia verkostoja ja sitä, miten yksikin välittävä aikuinen tai rakkaudellinen teko saattoi auttaa lasta selviytymään.Itku avainmuistona auttaa hahmottamaan aineistosta tunnemuistot, joita muistelijan on ollut vaikea muuten sanallistaa. Itku näyttäytyy muistelukirjoituksissa viestinä, kommunikaation keinona ja selviytymisstrategiana. Usein kyyneleet olivat lapsen viimeinen keino kertoa hädästä, surusta tai kiintymyksestä. Itku itsessään toi lapselle fyysistä helpotusta, mutta pakotti myös ympärillä olevat ihmiset toimintaan. Kirjoitetussa aineistossa itku on myös retorinen valinta, sillä se osoittaa muistojen kipeyden ja merkityksellisyyden ilman, että muistelijan tarvitsee uppoutua syvemmälle tunteisiinsa.</p
Does Diffusely Infiltrating Lobular Carcinoma of the Breast Arise from Epithelial-Mesenchymal Hybrid Cells?
Get PDFClassic diffusely infiltrating lobular carcinoma has imaging features divergent from the breast cancers originating from the terminal ductal lobular units and from the major lactiferous ducts. Although the term "invasive lobular carcinoma" implies a site of origin within the breast lobular epithelium, we were unable to find evidence supporting this assumption. Exceptional excess of fibrous connective tissue and the unique cell architecture combined with the aberrant features at breast imaging suggest that this breast malignancy has not originated from cells lining the breast ducts and lobules. The only remaining relevant component of the fibroglandular tissue is the mesenchyme. The cells freshly isolated and cultured from diffusely infiltrating lobular carcinoma cases contained epithelial-mesenchymal hybrid cells with both epithelial and mesenchymal properties. The radiologic and histopathologic features of the tumours and expression of the mesenchymal stem cell positive markers CD73, CD90, and CD105 all suggest development in the direction of mesenchymal transition. These hybrid cells have tumour-initiating potential and have been shown to have poor prognosis and resistance to therapy targeted for malignancies of breast epithelial origin. Our work emphasizes the need for new approaches to the diagnosis and therapy of this highly fatal breast cancer subtype
Rational series with high image complexity
Get PDFBy using the universal Diophantine representation of recursively enumerable sets of positive integers due to Matiyasevich we construct a Z-rational series gamma Over a binary alphabet X which has a maximal image complexity in the sense that all recursively enumerable sets of positive integers are obtained as the sets of positive coefficients of the series w(-1)gamma where w. X-*. As a consequence we obtain various undecidability results for Z-rational series
Automatically detecting previous programming knowledge from novice programmer code compilation history
Get PDFPrior programming knowledge of students has a major impact on introductory programming courses. Those with prior experience often seem to breeze through the course. Those without prior experience see others breeze through the course and disengage from the material or drop out.The purpose of this study is to demonstrate that novice student programming behavior can be modeled as a Markov process. The resulting transition matrix can then be used in machine learning algorithms to create clusters of similarly behaving students.We describe in detail the state machine used in the Markov process and how to compute the transition matrix. We compute the transition matrix for 665 students and cluster them using the k-means clustering algorithm. We choose the number of cluster to be three based on analysis of the dataset. We show that the created clusters have statistically different means for student prior knowledge in programming, when measured on a Likert scale of 1-5.</p
Dataset of UV induced changes in nuclear proteome obtained by GeLC-Orbitrap/MS in Pinus radiata needles
No full textAlthough responses to UV stress have been characterised at system and cellular levels, the dynamics of the nuclear proteome
triggered in this situation are still unknown, despite its essential
role in regulating gene expression and in last term plant physiology. To
fill this gap, we characterised the variations in the nuclear proteome
after 2 h and 16 h (8 h/day) of UV irradiation by using state-of-the-art mass spectrometry-based shotgun proteomics
methods combined with novel bioinformatics workflows that were employed
in the manuscript entitled “The variations in the nuclear proteome
reveal new transcription factors and mechanisms involved in UV stress
response in Pinus radiata” (Pascual et al., 2016) [1]. We employed in-gel digestion followed by a 120 min gradient prior to MS analysis. Data was processed following two approaches: a database dependent employing the SEQUEST
algorithm and custom databases, and a database independent by mass
accuracy precursor alignment (MAPA). 388 proteins were identified by
SEQUEST search and 9094 m/z were quantified by MAPA. Significant m/z were de novo sequenced using the Novor algorithm. We present here the complete datasets and the analysis workflow.</div
Can organizational size moderate the relationship between sustainable-driven financial management and business competitiveness?
Get PDF Extant literature has pointed to a positive relationship between sustainable-driven management and business competitiveness and organizational size as a moderating factor in such a relationship. In this vein, the Economy for the Common Good is a sustainability framework based on stakeholders’ management that allows embedding sustainable behavior into business strategy and counts with a version adapted to organizations working at a smaller scale like entrepreneurial ventures and SMEs. Hence, the present study aims to assess the impact of sustainable financial management implemented using the Economy for the Common Good framework on business competitiveness and the possible moderating effects of organizational size on this relationship. To do so, the authors apply hierarchical regression analysis to data gathered from 206 European enterprises that implemented sustainable-driven financial management using the Economy for the Common Good framework. Results confirmed the positive impact of sustainable financial management on business competitiveness. However, organizational age and size resulted in nonsignificant variables. Thus, we conclude that sustainable financial management using the Economy for the Common Good framework is a suitable tool for implementation in entrepreneurial ventures and SMEs. </p