UTUPub
Not a member yet
55238 research outputs found
Sort by
“Don't touch”: Negotiating the boundaries of acceptable touching in classrooms
Get PDFIn peer interactions within educational settings, students touch each other to display affection, to build a sense of togetherness and to manage each other's participation. On the other hand, embodied acts between students can also be physically forceful, embarrassing, or feel uncomfortable. While certain touch types such as caressing, stroking and tapping are typically associated with displays of affection, all touches are situated, and participants locally negotiate their meanings, functions, and appropriateness. In this article, we examine how boundaries of acceptable touch and rights to touch others are locally negotiated in the classrooms. We analyze three episodes in which the touch-recipient or a bystanding teacher rejected an affectionate student-to-student touch, and the rejection included a verbal description that portrayed the touch as a violation, thus assigning a moral meaning to the tactile act. The data for the study consists of video-recorded classroom interaction, and multimodal conversation analysis is used as the method for analyzing the data. Our analysis shows that in these episodes, two kinds of moral orders were invoked: a more universal one that demands respect for a person's bodily integrity and an institutional one that demands students to maintain an orderly classroom by refraining from disturbing the other's engagement in pedagogical activities.</p
HYTE-toimintamalli: FINGER-elintapaohjelma
No full textFINGER-elintapaohjelma -toimintamallin tavoitteena on muistitoimintojen heikentymisen ehkäisy ikääntyneillä ja muistisairauksien riskitekijöiden vähentäminen. Toimintamalli antaa työkaluja terveydenedistämistyöhön. Toimintamalli soveltuu hyvin suomalaiseen palvelujärjestelmään. Taustalla on laaja tieteellinen näyttö, mutta kokemus- ja asiantuntijatietoon perustuva näyttö on vielä vähäistä. Kokemukset elintapaohjelmasta ovat myönteisiä. Toimintamallin koulutusmateriaalien kehittämistyö on vielä kesken.</p
National trends of surgery for benign prostatic hyperplasia in Finland
No full textPurpose: To investigate national trends of surgical treatment for benign prostatic obstruction (BPO).Methods: The Care Register for Healthcare in Finland was used to investigate the annual numbers and types of surgical procedures, operation incidence and duration of hospital stay between 2004 and 2018 in Finland. Procedures were classified using the Nordic Medico-Statistical Committee Classification of Surgical Procedures coding. Trends in incidence were analyzed with two-sided Cochran-Armitage test. Trends in duration of hospital stay and patient age were analyzed with linear regression.Results: Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) was the most common operation type during the study period, covering over 70% of operations for BPO. Simultaneous with the implementation of photoselective vaporization of the prostate (PVP), the incidence of TURP, minimally invasive surgical therapies, transurethral vaporization of the prostate (TUVP) and open prostatectomies decreased (p Conclusion: The implementation of PVP did not challenge the dominating position of TURP in Finland, but it has probably influenced the overall use of other surgical therapies, excluding transurethral incision of the prostate. The results might suggest that the conservative treatment is accentuated, patient selection is more thorough, and surgical intervention might be placed at a later stage of BPO.</p
Suomalaisen lehdistön keskustelu sukupuolten tasa-arvosta urheilussa 1970- ja 1980-luvulla
No full textKeskustelu tasa-arvosta käynnistyi suomalaisessa lehdistössä toden teolla 1970-luvulla, jolloin myös käsitteet tasa-arvo ja urheilu esiintyivät yhdessä huomattavasti useammin kuin aiemmin. Tässä artikkelissa kysymme, miten urheilun tasa-arvosta keskusteltiin seitsemässä kotimaisessa päivälehdessä ja yhdessä viikkolehdessä 1970- ja 1980-luvulla. Yhteensä 256 artikkelin analysointi diskurssianalyysin ja kontekstoivan lähiluvun keinoin paljastaa urheilu-uutisoinnin mahdollisuuksia ja tapoja vaikuttaa myös urhei-luelämän rakenteisiin. Aineistosta nousee esiin kolme pääteemaa: myönteinen puhe naisten urheilusta, naisten kilpailumenestyksen ja tulosuutisoinnin nousu sekä uuti-sointia hallinnut ulkonäkökeskeisyys, joka vei huomiota naisten urheilusuorituksilta ja hidasti tasa-arvokehitystä ”missikulttuurin” hallitsemassa maassa. Artikkelin tulokset historiallistavat nykyistä keskustelua urheilun sukupuolittuneista rakenteista sekä osoittavat, että tasa-arvotyöltä vaaditaan pitkäjänteisyyttä.</p
NF-E2-related factor 2 activation boosts antioxidant defenses and ameliorates inflammatory and amyloid properties in human Presenilin-1 mutated Alzheimer's disease astrocytes
No full textAlzheimer's disease (AD) is a common dementia affecting a vast number of individuals and significantly impairing quality of life. Despite extensive research in animal models and numerous promising treatment trials, there is still no curative treatment for AD. Astrocytes, the most common cell type of the central nervous system, have been shown to play a role in the major AD pathologies, including accumulation of amyloid plaques, neuroinflammation, and oxidative stress. Here, we show that inflammatory stimulation leads to metabolic activation of human astrocytes and reduces amyloid secretion. On the other hand, the activation of oxidative metabolism leads to increased reactive oxygen species production especially in AD astrocytes. While healthy astrocytes increase glutathione (GSH) release to protect the cells, Presenilin‐1‐mutated AD patient astrocytes do not. Thus, chronic inflammation is likely to induce oxidative damage in AD astrocytes. Activation of NRF2, the major regulator of cellular antioxidant defenses, encoded by the NFE2L2 gene, poses several beneficial effects on AD astrocytes. We report here that the activation of NRF2 pathway reduces amyloid secretion, normalizes cytokine release, and increases GSH secretion in AD astrocytes. NRF2 induction also activates the metabolism of astrocytes and increases the utilization of glycolysis. Taken together, targeting NRF2 in astrocytes could be a potent therapeutic strategy in AD.</p
Uusi strategia vaikean kroonisen munuaistaudin hoidonohjaukseen
No full text• Vaikean munuaistaudin hoitotavat poikkeavat maamme eri osissa eikä potilasohjauksesta ole ollut kansallista ohjetta. • Uuden strategian mukaan kaikista vaikeutuvaa kroonista munuaistautia sairastavista potilaista tulee konsultoida erikoissairaanhoitoa, kun eGFR laskee pysyvästi alle tason 20 ml/min/1,73 m2 .• Hoitotapa vaikuttaa elämänlaatuun, ennusteeseen ja kustannuksiin, ja se tulee valita yksilöllisesti yhdessä potilaan kanssa. • Tavoitteena on lisätä kotihoitoja ja elinsiirtoja sekä kehittää oireenmukaista nefrologista hoitoa.</p
Danaea (Marattiaceae) keeps diversifying, part 2: phylogeny and identification key for 81 taxa
No full textWe have produced a near-complete phylogeny for the neotropical fern genus Danaea (Marattiaceae). The phylogeny is based on four loci of the chloroplast DNA and shows reconstructions of the evolutionary relationships between 68 of the currently recognized 81 taxa of Danaea. A parallel paper (Keskiniva & Tuomisto 2024) draws on this phylogeny to describe 18 new species; here we discuss the phylogeny and its taxonomical implications more broadly. We propose three new synonyms: D. atlantica Christenh. & al. (= D. geniculata), D. draco Christenh. (= D. polymorpha), and D. moralesiana A. Rojas (= D. erecta). On the other hand, we consider D. jamaicensis Underw., which has been synonymized before, to be a distinct species. In addition, we propose that D. xushana is a hybrid between D. simplicifolia and D. nigrescens. We also provide an open-access online key to the 81 taxa. The key is available at https://keys.lucidcentral.org/keys/v4/neo_fern_genus_danaea/.</p
The impact of evidence-based nursing leadership in healthcare settings : a mixed methods systematic review
No full textBackground: The central component in impactful healthcare decisions is evidence. Understanding how nurse leaders use evidence in their own managerial decision making is still limited. This mixed methods systematic review aimed to examine how evidence is used to solve leadership problems and to describe the measured and perceived effects of evidence-based leadership on nurse leaders and their performance, organizational, and clinical outcomes.Methods: We included articles using any type of research design. We referred nurses, nurse managers or other nursing staff working in a healthcare context when they attempt to influence the behavior of individuals or a group in an organization using an evidence-based approach. Seven databases were searched until 11 November 2021. JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for Quasi-experimental studies, JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for Case Series, Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool were used to evaluate the Risk of bias in quasi-experimental studies, case series, mixed methods studies, respectively. The JBI approach to mixed methods systematic reviews was followed, and a parallel-results convergent approach to synthesis and integration was adopted.Results: Thirty-one publications were eligible for the analysis: case series (n = 27), mixed methods studies (n = 3) and quasi-experimental studies (n = 1). All studies were included regardless of methodological quality. Leadership problems were related to the implementation of knowledge into practice, the quality of nursing care and the resource availability. Organizational data was used in 27 studies to understand leadership problems, scientific evidence from literature was sought in 26 studies, and stakeholders' views were explored in 24 studies. Perceived and measured effects of evidence-based leadership focused on nurses' performance, organizational outcomes, and clinical outcomes. Economic data were not available.Conclusions: This is the first systematic review to examine how evidence is used to solve leadership problems and to describe its measured and perceived effects from different sites. Although a variety of perceptions and effects were identified on nurses' performance as well as on organizational and clinical outcomes, available knowledge concerning evidence-based leadership is currently insufficient. Therefore, more high-quality research and clinical trial designs are still needed.Trail registration: The study was registered (PROSPERO CRD42021259624).</p
A concept for international societally relevant microbiology education and microbiology knowledge promulgation in society
No full textExecutive summary: Microbes are all pervasive in their distribution and influence on the functioning and well-being of humans, life in general and the planet. Microbially-based technologies contribute hugely to the supply of important goods and services we depend upon, such as the provision of food, medicines and clean water. They also offer mechanisms and strategies to mitigate and solve a wide range of problems and crises facing humanity at all levels, including those encapsulated in the sustainable development goals (SDGs) formulated by the United Nations. For example, microbial technologies can contribute in multiple ways to decarbonisation and hence confronting global warming, provide sanitation and clean water to the billions of people lacking them, improve soil fertility and hence food production and develop vaccines and other medicines to reduce and in some cases eliminate deadly infections. They are the foundation of biotechnology, an increasingly important and growing business sector and source of employment, and the centre of the bioeconomy, Green Deal, etc. But, because microbes are largely invisible, they are not familiar to most people, so opportunities they offer to effectively prevent and solve problems are often missed by decision-makers, with the negative consequences this entrains. To correct this lack of vital knowledge, the International Microbiology Literacy Initiative-the IMiLI-is recruiting from the global microbiology community and making freely available, teaching resources for a curriculum in societally relevant microbiology that can be used at all levels of learning. Its goal is the development of a society that is literate in relevant microbiology and, as a consequence, able to take full advantage of the potential of microbes and minimise the consequences of their negative activities. In addition to teaching about microbes, almost every lesson discusses the influence they have on sustainability and the SDGs and their ability to solve pressing problems of societal inequalities. The curriculum thus teaches about sustainability, societal needs and global citizenship. The lessons also reveal the impacts microbes and their activities have on our daily lives at the personal, family, community, national and global levels and their relevance for decisions at all levels. And, because effective, evidence-based decisions require not only relevant information but also critical and systems thinking, the resources also teach about these key generic aspects of deliberation. The IMiLI teaching resources are learner-centric, not academic microbiology-centric and deal with the microbiology of everyday issues. These span topics as diverse as owning and caring for a companion animal, the vast range of everyday foods that are produced via microbial processes, impressive geological formations created by microbes, childhood illnesses and how they are managed and how to reduce waste and pollution. They also leverage the exceptional excitement of exploration and discovery that typifies much progress in microbiology to capture the interest, inspire and motivate educators and learners alike. The IMiLI is establishing Regional Centres to translate the teaching resources into regional languages and adapt them to regional cultures, and to promote their use and assist educators employing them. Two of these are now operational. The Regional Centres constitute the interface between resource creators and educators-learners. As such, they will collect and analyse feedback from the end-users and transmit this to the resource creators so that teaching materials can be improved and refined, and new resources added in response to demand: educators and learners will thereby be directly involved in evolution of the teaching resources. The interactions between educators-learners and resource creators mediated by the Regional Centres will establish dynamic and synergistic relationships-a global societally relevant microbiology education ecosystem-in which creators also become learners, teaching resources are optimised and all players/stakeholders are empowered and their motivation increased. The IMiLI concept thus embraces the principle of teaching societally relevant microbiology embedded in the wider context of societal, biosphere and planetary needs, inequalities, the range of crises that confront us and the need for improved decisioning, which should ultimately lead to better citizenship and a humanity that is more sustainable and resilient.</p
Human cytomegalovirus infection enhances 5-lipoxygenase and cycloxygenase-2 expression in colorectal cancer
No full textColorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common and fatal types of cancer. Inflammation promotes CRC development, however, the underlying etiological factors are unknown. Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), a virus that induces inflammation and other cancer hallmarks, has been detected in several types of malignancy, including CRC. The present study investigated whether HCMV infection was associated with expression of the pro-inflammatory enzymes 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and other molecular, genetic and clinicopathological CRC features. The present study assessed 146 individual paraffin-embedded CRC tissue microarray (TMA) cores already characterized for TP53 and KRAS mutations, microsatellite instability (MSI) status, Ki-67 index and EGFR by immunohistochemistry (IHC). The cores were further analyzed by IHC for the expression of two HCMV proteins (Immediate Early, IE and pp65) and the inflammatory markers 5-LO and COX-2. The CRC cell lines Caco-2 and LS-174T were infected with HCMV strain VR1814, treated with antiviral drug ganciclovir (GCV) and/or anti-inflammatory drug celecoxib (CCX) and analyzed by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and immunofluorescence for 5-LO, COX-2, IE and pp65 transcripts and proteins. HCMV IE and pp65 proteins were detected in ~90% of the CRC cases tested; this was correlated with COX-2, 5-LO and KI-67 expression, but not with EGFR immunostaining, TP53 and KRAS mutations or MSI status. In vitro, HCMV infection upregulated 5-LO and COX-2 transcript and proteins in both Caco-2 and LS-174T cells and enhanced cell proliferation as determined by MTT assay. Treatment with GCV and CCX significantly decreased the transcript levels of COX-2, 5-LO, HCMV IE and pp65 in infected cells. HCMV was widely expressed in CRC and may promote inflammation and serve as a potential new target for CRC therapy.</p