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Development and validation of the puppy blues scale measuring temporary affective disturbance resembling baby blues
No full textIt has been described that many puppy owners experience a state called puppy blues involving stress, worry, anxiety, strain, frustration, or regret. While puppy blues is a commonly used term among dog owners, the term is nearly nonexistent in scientific literature. In turn, analogous phenomenon, postpartum affective disturbance of infant caregivers, is well described in the literature. This study aimed to develop and validate the first questionnaire to evaluate puppy blues. The methodology involved generating scale items based on a qualitative review of 135 pilot survey responses from people who had experienced distress during the puppy period, conducting exploratory factor analysis for the final scale items from a dataset of 1801 answers from Finnish dog owners (92% women), and collecting test-retest data from 265 individuals to assess the consistency of the measurement of items and factor structure across time. In addition, we collected an independent sample of 326 owners of 1-2-year-old dogs who answered the survey both regarding puppy period and current moment. The results indicate that the scale is a valid and reliable tool for measuring dog owners' negative experiences and feelings related to puppyhood. We discovered three factors that describe different aspects of puppy blues: Frustration, Anxiety, and Weariness, which accounted for a significant proportion of the variance in puppy blues. The study demonstrated good internal consistency and consistency across two independent samples for the three identified factors. The test-retest reliability of the factors was good. Responses for the current timeframe compared to puppyhood experiences revealed significantly lower current scores across all factors for the current period, validating that the scale captures distress during puppyhood that diminishes over time. Interestingly, we found a fading affect bias where recollections of the experiences in the puppy period became more positive with time. Our findings shed light on the characteristics of puppy blues and provide a useful retrospective tool for measuring it
Metabolic fate of DHA from regio- and stereospecific positions of triacylglycerols in a long-term feeding trial in rats
No full textThis study investigated the impact of regio- and stereospecific position of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in dietary triacylglycerols (TAGs) on the fatty acid composition of tissues and organs in rats. Four-week feeding with TAGs containing DHA in sn-1, 2, or 3 position and palmitic acid in the remaining positions at a daily dosage of 500 mg TAG/kg body weight significantly increased the DHA content in all organs and tissues in rats, except in the brain, where the change in DHA level was not statistically significant. The group fed sn-1 DHA showed a significantly higher content of DHA in the plasma TAG than the group fed sn-3 DHA. The sn-3 DHA group had higher levels of DHA in the visceral fat compared to the sn-1, sn-2, as well as all other groups. This is the first study showing that DHA from sn-1 and sn-3 positions of dietary TAGs have differential accumulation in tissues. The new findings improved the current knowledge on the significance of TAG isomeric structure for the bioavailability and metabolic fate of DHA. © 2023 The AuthorsAuthor keywordsBioavailability; Docosahexaenoic acid; n-3 deficiency; Phospholipids; Positional isomer; Triacylglycerols</p
Transitioning to Quality Education
No full textIn subject teacher education, the main issues in sustainable development education (SDE) lie in questions as to what the educators are supposed to teach, what the status of subject teacher education is today in embedding SDE, and how SDE relates to the focus on professional competencies in teacher education. The aim of this study is to investigate the subject student teachers’ views on their social competencies in teaching students about sustainable development (SD) with respect to local, regional, and global environmental issues. The study questions were: (1) What kind of environmental problems do the students regard as core environmental problems—locally, regionally, and globally? (2) What kind of opportunities do the students feel they have to socially influence local, regional and global environmental issues? (3) How do the students identify and understand the social relationships in the classroom? and (4) How do the students see their likelihood of influencing the school culture they are working in with respect to sustainable development? A total of 142 subject student teachers at six Finnish universities were surveyed. The material was collected using a web-based questionnaire and analyzed by inductive content analyses based on two factors: (1) the multidimensional adapted process model of teaching, especially regarding teachers’ social competences and (2) the competences in SDE. The results showed the students are concerned about issues such as climate change and littering, and would address these by reasonable knowledge construction and social means. In the school environment, the students are interested in SD decision-making, and they value equality and the mental well-being of students, which are supported by the quality of education goals, especially Sustainable Development Goal 4 (SDG4). The findings are discussed with respect to the social skills introduced in the multidimensional adapted process model of teaching, in particular with respect to the UNESCO’s listed competencies in teaching and learning about SD.</p
Interactions of sulfur-containing gas with magnesia-chromite refractory in nickel flash smelting furnace
No full textAs-received and spent magnesia-chromite refractories from a nickel flash smelting furnace were analyzed and compared to shed light on the interactions between the gas phase and the refractory material, a topic that has not received previous research effort. Based on the results, process-originated gaseous sulfur-containing species, such as SO2 and SO3, played a key role in the refractory reactions. In the absence of a surface deposit, the hot end of the refractory underwent attack by SO2, resulting in sulfation of both the periclase and chromite phases, which has not been reported before. In the presence of a surface deposit, the sulfation of main phases in the near-surface regions did not occur, but sulfur-bearing species diffused deeper into the refractory material, where they reacted with MgO and CaO, forming MgSO4 and CaSO4. In addition to the detected sulfur penetration, impurity elements, e.g., As; K, and Pb, had diffused towards the cold end of the refractory. This suggests these elements could have entered the refractory as gaseous species and then condensed at low enough temperatures
Professional collaboration for children and adolescents with neurodevelopmental disorders: a scoping review
No full textThis scoping review aims to synthesise what is known about professional collaboration among schools, healthcare and social care for children with neurodevelopmental disorders. Papers (N = 29; discussions, theoretical, empirical; 2003–2022) were selected in early 2023 from seven databases and supplemented by manual search. The analysis was conducted using qualitative content analysis. The results revealed the forms, underpinning factors and benefits of collaboration. Collaboration was seen as important in assessment and interventions, evaluation, support planning, co-therapy, service coordination and school transitions, and when carrying out these, teamwork and consultation were seen as essential. Collaborative competencies, shared understanding and dialogic interactions were suggested to promote collaboration. The main challenges were professional competition, time shortage, legal constraints and difficulty in accessing information. This review suggests that there is a vital need for functional, professional collaboration in supporting children with neurodevelopmental disorders. This necessitates systemic changes, such as restructured organisations, active parental involvement, effective and open communication and collaborative competencies among professionals. Schools should play a central role in providing support through collaborative action.</p
Kansallisoikeistolainen itseymmärrys 1929–1932
No full textMaailmansotien välisen ajan suomalaista oikeistoa tarkastelevasta tutkimuskentästä erottuu viimeistään 1980-luvulta alkaen kaksi erilaista tulkintalinjaa. Niistä varhaisempi on keskittynyt tulkintaan valkoisen Suomen kokemasta kommunismin uhasta ja sen torjumisesta. Uudemmassa tulkintalinjassa painottuvat radikaalin oikeiston omaehtoiset pyrkimykset, jotka kyseenalaistivat vallitsevan yhteiskuntajärjestyksen. Tässä artikkelissa kommentoimme molempien tulkintalinjojen vakiintuneita johtopäätöksiä ja analysoimme kansallisoikeistolaisuu-deksi kutsumaamme mentaliteettia, jossa oikeistolaisuus ymmärrettiin yhteiskunnalliset ristiriidat ylittävänä ja hengeltään epäpoliittisena valtioajatteluna. Argumentoimme, ettei kommunismiuhan ja reaktion narratiivissa ole riittävästi huomioitu yhteiskunnan demokratisoitumista luokkatietoisen oikeistoradikalismin aiheuttajana. Tutkimushavaintomme on, että kansallisoikeistolaisen mentaliteetin mielekäs selittäminen vaatii ennen kaikkea sen omaehtoisten yhteiskunnallisten tavoitteiden ja itseymmärryksen analyysia. Kansallisoikeiston idealismia heijastanut politiikka ei ensisijaisesti ollut puolustavaa tai säilyttävää vaan aktiivista ja taistelevaa.</p
Internet-based breastfeeding peer support for breastfeeding parents : An integrative review
No full textAim: To explore what Internet-based breastfeeding peer support offers to breastfeeding parents.Design: Integrative review.Data sources and review methods: A systematic literature search was conducted in March 2024 using the following electronic databases: CINAHL, The Cochrane Library, PubMed/MEDLINE and PsycINFO. Database searches yielded 717 results. Two researchers removed the duplicates (n = 256) and screened the remaining titles (n = 461), abstracts (n = 197) and full texts (n = 60) independently. Eventually, 19 studies were included in the review. The chosen studies had qualitative (n = 11), quantitative (n = 6), or mixed methods designs (n = 2) and were published between 2015 and 2024. Qualitative content analysis was conducted.Results: The main categories were supplying support that is responsive to the needs of parents and belonging to a breastfeeding community. The parents looked for and received breastfeeding support, advice, information, emotional support, reassurance and access to shared experiences from various online breastfeeding peer support groups. The support groups helped them in their breastfeeding decisions, thus making a difference in their breastfeeding experience. The support groups created breastfeeding communities for these parents and they were able to bond with others, feel like they belonged and share experiences. Additionally, these breastfeeding communities helped to normalize various breastfeeding practices.Conclusion: Breastfeeding peer support groups can offer parents the support and guidance they seek and a sense that they are part of a breastfeeding community. However, it is vital these groups are efficiently moderated to ensure the advice parents receive is evidence-based and the support is encouraging.Impact: These findings show that well-moderated online breastfeeding peer support can offer parents high-quality support. It is essential for health care professionals to be aware of the various options available in order to recommend high-quality support groups for breastfeeding parents.Reporting method: PRISMA.Patient or public contribution: This was an integrative review therefore no patient or public contribution was necessary.</p
Aikuisopiskelijat olennaisen äärellä
No full text”Työura nähdään nykyään monimutkaisena kehkeytymisenä, johon vaikuttaa niin sattuma kuin jatkuva oppiminen. Uuden ammatin opiskelu avaa mahdollisuuksia uudistaa ja päivittää ammatillista identiteettiä”, kommentoi alanvaihtajia tutkiva Mirva Heikkilä aikuisten uratarinoita.</p
Euclid preparation LXX. Forecasting detection limits for intracluster light in the Euclid Wide Survey
No full textThe intracluster light (ICL) permeating galaxy clusters is a tracer of the cluster assembly history and potentially a tracer of their dark matter structure. In this work, we explore the capability of the Euclid Wide Survey to detect ICL using H-E-band mock images. We simulated clusters across a range of redshifts (0.3-1.8) and halo masses (10(13.9)-10(15.0) M-circle dot) using an observationally motivated model of ICL. We identified a 50-200 kpc circular annulus around the brightest cluster galaxy (BCG) in which the signal-to-noise ratio of the ICL is maximised and used the S/N within this aperture as our figure of merit for ICL detection. We compared three state-of-the-art methods for ICL detection and found that a method that performs simple aperture photometry after high-surface brightness source masking is able to detect ICL with minimal bias for clusters more massive than 10(14.2) M-circle dot. The S/N of the ICL detection is primarily limited by the redshift of the cluster, which is driven by cosmological dimming rather than the mass of the cluster. Assuming the ICL in each cluster contains 15% of the stellar light, we forecast that Euclid will be able to measure the presence of ICL in up to similar to 80 000 clusters of >10(14.2) M-circle dot between z = 0.3 and 1.5 with an S/N>3. Half of these clusters will reside below z = 0.75, and the majority of those below z = 0.6 will be detected with an S/N>20. A few thousand clusters at 1.33. The surface brightness profile of the ICL model is strongly dependent on both the mass of the cluster and the redshift at which it is observed so that the outer ICL is best observed in the most massive clusters of >10(14.7) M-circle dot. Euclid will detect the ICL at a distance of more than 500 kpc from the BCG, up to z = 0.7, in several hundred of these massive clusters over its large survey volume
Sensory profiles and oxidative stability of linseed oil microencapsulated with pea, soy, and whey proteins in high-fat food models
No full textTo hinder oxidation and mask flavor, linseed oil was encapsulated using maltodextrin with pea, soy, or whey protein, and incorporated in dark chocolate and shortbread cookie models. While the spray dried emulsions with whey protein and maltodextrin were most stable, this behaviour did not translate to food models. In volatiles, the fortification with pea protein capsules had closer resemblance to the control than other spray-dried samples. Storage time increased the volatiles of particularly soy and whey samples. In flavor, the pea sample, and in appearance and texture, the soy sample resembled closest the control chocolate. Addition of the spray dried emulsion increased the darkness, rancidity, roasted flavor, and hardness of the cookies. While the pea protein emerged as an intriguing choice for shell material in spray-drying of linseed oil, also fortification with nonencapsulated linseed oil resulted in favorable outcomes based on sensory perception and volatile profiles of the food models