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Height Gini
No full textThis variable contains anthropometric information which can be used as a proxy for the inequality of human health and welfare in 119 countries spanning the period 1810-1989, although for most countries only a few birth decades are documented. The data set was created to provide a first attempt to measure inequality, it should be mentioned as a caveat that many individual countries cannot be measured without a substantial amount of measurement error. The tendencies of anthropometric inequality by world region (in which country-specific measurement error tends to average out) is probably informative
Nickel Production
No full textNickel (Ni) is a transition element that exhibits a mixture of ferrous and nonferrous metal properties. It is both siderophile (i.e., associates with iron) and chalcophile (i.e., associates with sulfur). The bulk of the nickel mined comes from two types of ore deposits:
- laterites where the principal ore minerals are nickeliferous limonite [(Fe,Ni)O(OH)] and garnierite (a hydrous nickel silicate), or
- magmatic sulfide deposits where the principal ore mineral is pentlandite [(Ni,Fe)9S8].
(..) Nickel is primarily sold for first use as refined metal (cathode, powder, briquet, etc.) or ferronickel. About 65% of the nickel consumed in the Western World is used to make austenitic stainless steel. Another 12% goes into superalloys (e.g., Inconel 600) or nonferrous alloys (e.g., cupronickel). Both families of alloys are widely used because of their corrosion resistance. The aerospace industry is a leading consumer of nickel-base superalloys. Turbine blades, discs and other critical parts of jet engines are fabricated from superalloys. Nickel-base superalloys are also used in land-based combustion turbines, such those found at electric power generation stations. The remaining 23% of consumption is divided between alloy steels, rechargeable batteries, catalysts and other chemicals, coinage, foundry products, and plating
index file clio-infra
No full textindex file with indicator names for clio-infra. It will allow the indictaors to be recognised by the front end and Data Processing Engine (DPE). If an additional variable needs to be added to clio-infra, just add it to this file and upload it as a new version
VOC transcriptions - GLOBALISE
No full textThis is a collection of machine-generated transcriptions of the ‘Overgekomen brieven en papieren’ of the Dutch East India Company (VOC). They were made by GLOBALISE (https://globalise.huygens.knaw.nl/), a project based at the Huygens Institute (KNAW Humanities Cluster) in the Netherlands and funded by the Dutch Research Council (NWO) under grant no. 175.2019.003.
This collection comprises inventory numbers 1053-4454 and 7527-11024 from the VOC archives, National Archives, The Hague. The scans of the original documents (n=4,802,212) from the period 1610-1796 are available on the website of the National Archives: https://www.nationaalarchief.nl/onderzoeken/archief/1.04.02/
Political Participation
No full textComponent of Vanhanen’s polyarchy index. Political participation is defined as the percentage of adult population that cast a ballot in elections