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भारतातील दलितांचे आर्थिक विश्लेषण
No full textInternational audienceDalits in India, formerly known as untouchables, are the lowest rung in India's caste system. According to the Constitution of India, 'Scheduled Caste' is the official term for Dalits. Dalits are now found scattered across various social groups including Hinduism, Buddhism, Sikhism, Christianity, and Islam. The Dalit community in India has been the subject of concern, criticism, and analysis for many years. Even after India's independence from British rule, Dalits still face many forms of discrimination, irony, insecurity, and poverty in their daily life and society. The article will review the economic and social conditions of Dalits in India, the challenges they constantly face, and the government's efforts to address these issues
A lógicA e os fAtos em Wittgenstein
No full textInternational audienceO pensamento tardio de Wittgenstein desenvolve uma concepção de certeza que põe a lógica em linha de conta com a experiência. O pensamento e a ação são determinados por uma estrutura lógica construída ao longo do tempo e em interação com os fatos. O contexto dessa forma de entender a lógica é uma concepção prática do significado que possibilita a investigação filosófica sobre a certeza e os conceitos da psicologia. A regras gramaticais (lógicas) que presidem os jogos de linguagem constituem a unidade da experiência, por isso, a experiência só pode ser compreendida como um elemento interno aos jogos de linguagem, jamais como uma causa dos conceitos, exterior aos jogos de linguagem. Neste artigo, analisa-se a concepção de necessidade lógica nesse contexto conceitual e as razões que sustentam o caráter lógico da reflexão filosófica de Wittgenstein, em especial, nos textos sobre a certeza e a gramática da psicologia
भारतातील दारिद्याची मीमांसा
No full textInternational audiencePoverty is a condition in which an individual or community lacks the financial resources and necessities for a minimum standard of living. Poverty means income from employment is so low that a person cannot meet his basic human needs. Dadabhai Naoroji was the first person who talked about the concept of poverty line before independence. According to the World Bank, "Poverty is the deprivation of human well-being. It includes low income and the inability to obtain the basic goods and services necessary to live with dignity. Poverty includes low levels of health and education, lack of clean water and sanitation, weak physical security, and inadequate capacity." is." In India as of 2011, 21.9% of the population lives below the national poverty line. In 2018, nearly 8% of the world's workers and their families earn less than $1.90 per person per day (international poverty line).दारिद्र्य हि एक अशी स्थिती आहे ज्यात व्यक्ती किंवा समुदायाकडे किमान जीवनमानासाठी आर्थिक संसाधने आणि आवश्यक गोष्टींचा अभाव असतो. दारिद्र्य म्हणजे रोजगारातून उत्पन्नाची प्राप्ती इतकी कमी असते की, व्यक्तीला आपल्या मूलभूत मानवी गरजा पूर्ण करता येत नाहीत. दादाभाई नौरोजी हे पहिले व्यक्ती होते ज्यांनी स्वातंत्र्यापूर्वी दारिद्र्य रेषेच्या संकल्पनेबद्दल बोलले होते. जागतिक बँकेच्या म्हणण्यानुसार, "गरीबी हे मानवी कल्याणापासूनची वंचितता असते. त्यात कमी उत्पन्न आणि सन्मानाने जगण्यासाठी आवश्यक मूलभूत वस्तू आणि सेवा घेण्यास असमर्थता समाविष्ट आहे. गरीबीमध्ये आरोग्य आणि शिक्षणाचे निम्न स्तर, स्वच्छ पाणी आणि स्वच्छता अभाव, कमकुवत शारीरिक सुरक्षा, आणि अपर्याप्त क्षमता यांचा समावेश आहे." भारतात सण 2011 मध्ये 21.9% लोकसंख्या राष्ट्रीय पातळीवर दारिद्र्य रेषेखाली जगते आहे. 2018 मध्ये, जगातील जवळजवळ 8% कामगार आणि त्यांचे कुटुंब दररोज 1.90 डॉलर प्रति व्यक्ती (आंतरराष्ट्रीय दारिद्र्य रेषे) पेक्षा कमी उत्पन्न कमावतात
ApresentAção Presentation
No full textInternational audienceWe present the first batch of texts in the continuous flow publication format. This is another innovation for the journal, part of the activities commemorating its 50th anniversary. With this decision, we hope to further reduce the amount of time between the final approval of texts and their publication. Alves (2023), discloses a set of actions carried out in the last four of the journal, reporting to our reader and other partners of the Trans/Form/Ação
डॉ. आंबेडकरांचे अर्थचिंतन
No full textInternational audienceDr. Babasaheb Ambedkar is a great thinker, leader, and social reformer who not only changed the lives of millions of untouchables but also shaped India as the largest democratic nation by writing the Indian Constitution. Many of us have Dr. B.R. Ambedkar is known as a social reformer and a person who fought for untouchables in India. But, Babasaheb was a great scholar, who has contributed immeasurably as an economist, sociologist, jurist, educationist, journalist, parliamentarian as well as a social reformer and human rights activist. Dr. Ambedkar was one of the multi-faceted personalities who made remarkable contributions to economics. Ambedkar's ideas have had a significant impact on social movements. In the present paper, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar's attempt is made to discuss their immense contribution to economics and also consider its relevance to the present-day Indian economy.डॉ. बाबासाहेब आंबेडकर हे एक महान विचारवंत, नेते आणि समाजसुधारक आहेत ज्यांनी केवळ लाखो अस्पृश्यांचे जीवनच बदलले नाही, तर भारतीय संविधान लिहून भारताला सर्वात मोठे लोकशाही राष्ट्र म्हणून आकार दिला. आपल्यापैकी अनेकांना भारतरत्न डॉ. बी.आर. आंबेडकर एक समाजसुधारक आणि भारतातील अस्पृश्यांसाठी लढा देणारी व्यक्ती म्हणून माहिती आहे. परंतु, बाबासाहेब हे एक महान विद्वान होते, ज्यांनी अर्थशास्त्रज्ञ, समाजशास्त्रज्ञ, कायदेतज्ज्ञ, शिक्षणतज्ज्ञ, पत्रकार, संसदपटू याबरोबरच समाजसुधारक आणि मानवाधिकार म्हणून अतुलनीय योगदान दिले आहे. डॉ. आंबेडकर, अर्थशास्त्रात उल्लेखनीय योगदान असलेले बहुआयामी व्यक्तिमत्त्वांपैकी एक होते. त्याच्या काळातील. आंबेडकरांचे विचारांचा सामाजिक चळवळीवर लक्षणीय परिणाम झाला आहे. प्रस्तुत शोधनिबंधात डॉ. बी.आर. आंबेडकरांच्या अर्थशास्त्रातील अतुलनीय योगदानाबद्दल चर्चा करण्याचा प्रयत्न केला आहे आणि सध्याच्या भारतीय अर्थव्यवस्थेशी त्याची प्रासंगिकता देखील विचारात घेतली आहे
Who Is Imam Mahdi, Prophesied In Other Religions, And From Holy Fatima lineage?
No full textPurpose: In this article, we will discuss the narrations and prophecies that exist in Islam, both in Shia, Sunni and other religions regarding Imam Mahdi. This article also attempts to deal with Holy Fatima and her characteristics. Also, we will show that Imam Mahdi is mentioned not only in other religions but also in other books. Also, this research was conducted to answer and clarify three questions that stated in the Introduction section. Methods: We performed our methods in 4 stages: Identifying studies, Selection of Studies, Collating Studies, Reporting results. Results: According to Abrahamic religions, a person will reappear and establish fairness and justice with the help of God, who is called Imam Mahdi and based on the opinion of Christians, he is Christ. If the Shiites, may Allah help them in His obedience, had fulfilled their covenant with united hearts, then there would have been no delay in meeting the Promised Saviour. Conclusion: The concept of Imam Mahdi is universal and cannot just be rejected. The appearance of Imam Mahdi will coincide with the coming back of Jesus Christ. Imam Mahdi, with the assistance of the Messiah, will ensure the completion and practical actualization of the mission of the Prophet Muhammad. The Hidden Imam wrote to Abu-Omar Ameri: The Prophet's daughter (Holy Fatima) is a nice model for me. We hope this article will take an important step in acquainting people with Imam Mahdi and Jesus Christ and paving the ground for their reappearance
Issues of ubimus archaeology: Beyond pure computing and precision during the analogue-digital transition
No full textInternational audienceThe transition between the analogue-based practices of the 1950s and the digitally based techniques employed during the 1960s provides an interesting confluence of factors that may illuminate some of the challenges faced by post-2020 music making. We apply a ubimus archaeological perspective to address two aspects of creative practice: precision and simulation. Our discussion is based on first-hand sources extracted from the repository Fonds Risset and on a selection of writings by key early practitioners.We provide a working definition of ubimus archaeology and furnish documental evidence to challenge the assumption of precise methods and pure computing in the early days of digital music making. We question the current strategies of repurposing, highlighting the emergence of conflicts between sustainability and innovation. "[We should not] presume to tell a composer what should or should not be done but rather what the results might be if a given thing is done"
A Internet do Bagulho Musical (Internet of Musical Stuff) - IoMuSt
No full textInternational audienceWe introduce IoMuSt-the Internet of Musical Stuff: a proposal to recalibrate the Internet of Musical Things in the light of the current reification of digital creative resources, epitomised by the Non-Fungible Tokens frenzy. As opposed to marketable "things", "stuff" is fluid, malleable, unfixable and pecuniarily irrelevant. Hence, stuff is good raw material for sustainable ubimus creative ecosystemsApresentamos IoMuSt-a Internet do Bagulho Musical: uma proposta para recalibrar a Internet das Coisas Musicais à luz da atual reificação dos recursos criativos digitais, potenciada pelo crescente interesse nos NFTs. Ao contrário das "coisas", o "bagulho" (treco ou tralha) é fluido, maleável, volátil e pecuniariamente irrelevante. Portanto é um material ideal para o estabelecimento de ecossistemas criativos sustentáveis em música ubíqua
डिजिटल चलने आणि पैशाचे भविष्य
No full textInternational audienceRecently, digital currency has shown the potential and tendency to completely change the way society thinks about money. Today we see the emergence of Bitcoin (BTC), Ethereum (ETH) and thousands of other cryptocurrencies. These currencies exist only in electronic form today, prompting global central banks to research how national digital currencies could work. A digital currency is a currency that is available only in electronic form. Electronic versions of currency already dominate the financial systems of most countries. The difference between digital currency and electronic currency already in bank accounts is that digital currency can never take physical form. In June 2019, Facebook-led plans for Libra, their digital currency, were announced and attracted a great deal of world attention. This study will discuss whether digital currency will affect traditional currency, benefits of digital currency and whether this currency will be accepted in the future
आभासी चलन आणि भारतीय अर्थव्यवस्था
No full textInternational audienceVirtual currency, cryptocurrency, or crypto-currency is a collection of binary data designed to act as a medium of exchange. Individual coin ownership records are stored in a digital ledger, a computerized database using robust cryptography to secure transaction records, control the creation of additional coins, and verify coin transfers. Cryptocurrencies are usually fiat currencies, as they have no support or cannot be converted into commodities. Some crypto schemes use validators to maintain cryptocurrency. In the proof-of-stake model, the owners keep their tokens as collateral. In return, they are entitled to a token in proportion to the amount they paid. Typically these token stackers receive additional ownership of the token through a network fee, newly created tokens, or another such reward mechanism. Cryptocurrency does not exist in physical form (like paper money) and is not usually issued by a central authority. Cryptocurrencies typically use decentralized controls against the central bank's digital currency.आभासी चलन, क्रिप्टोकरन्सी किंवा क्रिप्टो-चलन हा बायनरी डेटाचा संग्रह आहे जो एक्सचेंजचे माध्यम म्हणून काम करण्यासाठी तयार केलेला आहे. वैयक्तिक नाण्यांच्या मालकीच्या नोंदी डिजिटल लेजरमध्ये संग्रहित केल्या जातात, जो व्यवहाराच्या नोंदी सुरक्षित करण्यासाठी, अतिरिक्त नाण्यांच्या निर्मितीवर नियंत्रण ठेवण्यासाठी आणि नाण्यांच्या मालकीच्या हस्तांतरणाची पडताळणी करण्यासाठी मजबूत क्रिप्टोग्राफी वापरून संगणकीकृत डेटाबेस आहे. क्रिप्टोकरन्सी सामान्यत: फिएट चलने असतात, कारण त्यांना पाठींबा नसतो किंवा कमोडिटीमध्ये बदलता येत नाही. काही क्रिप्टो योजना क्रिप्टोकरन्सी राखण्यासाठी व्हॅलिडेटर वापरतात. प्रूफ-ऑफ-स्टेक मॉडेलमध्ये मालक त्यांचे टोकन संपार्श्विक म्हणून ठेवतात. त्या बदल्यात त्यांना त्यांनी दिलेल्या रकमेच्या प्रमाणात टोकनवर अधिकार मिळतो. सामान्यतः या टोकन स्टेकर्सना नेटवर्क फी, नव्याने तयार केलेली टोकन्स किंवा इतर अशा बक्षीस यंत्रणेद्वारे टोकनमध्ये अतिरिक्त मालकी मिळते. क्रिप्टोकरन्सी भौतिक स्वरूपात अस्तित्वात नाही (कागदी पैशाप्रमाणे) आणि सामान्यत: केंद्रीय प्राधिकरणाद्वारे जारी केली जात नाही. क्रिप्टोकरन्सी सामान्यत: मध्यवर्ती बँकेच्या डिजिटल चलनाच्या विरूद्ध विकेंद्रित नियंत्रण वापरतात