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Synthesis of fulleretic composite materials by liquid-directed mechanochemical templation
No full textPredmet istraživanja je usmjeravajući učinak tekućine i fulerena u kontroliranoj mehanokemijskoj sintezi polimorfnih i kompozitnih faza cinkova imidazolata. Osim dosad poznatih faza cinkova imidazolata čije su strukture „preguste“ za apsorpciju fulerena, pripravljene su tri nove topologije kompozita cinkova imidazolata s fulerenom: C 70 @CHA- ZnIm 2 i C 60 @CHA-ZnIm 2 , C60 @X-ZnIm 2 i C 60 @T-ZnIm 2 . X i T faze su zasad nove i nepoznate topologije. Dobiveni spojevi su izučavani difrakcijom rentgenskih zraka na praškastim uzorcima, termogravimetrijom, infracrvenom spektroskopijom i elektronskom spinskom rezonancijom. Dok se CHA-ZnIm 2 i X-ZnIm 2 faza mogu pripraviti samo uz prisustvo fulerena, T-ZnIm 2 faza se može pripraviti i bez fulerena, ali manje količine enkapsuliranog fulerena dodatno stabiliziraju ovu nestabilnu fazu. Količina apsorbiranog fulerena ovisi o vrsti i količini dodanog fulerena (C 60 ili C70 ) i o tipu faze kompozita.The subject of research is the directing effect of liquid and fullerene in the controlled mechanochemical synthesis of polymorphic and composite phases of zinc imidazolate. In addition to the previously known zinc imidazolate phases whose structures are “too dense” for fullerene absorption, the inclusion of fullerene in the structure stabilized three new topologies of zinc imidazolate composites: C70 @CHA-ZnIm 2 and C 60 @CHA-ZnIm 2 , C 60 @X-ZnIm 2 and C 60 @T-ZnIm 2 . X and T phases have a new unreported topology. The obtained compounds were studied by X-ray diffraction on powder samples, thermogravimetry, infrared spectroscopy and electronic paramagnetic resonance. While the CHA-ZnIm 2 and X-ZnIm 2 phases can only be prepared with the addition of fullerene, T-ZnIm 2 phase can be prepared without the presence of fullerenes, but small amounts of encapsulated fullerene additionally stabilize the otherwise unstable phase. The amount of fullerene absorbed depends on the type of fullerene (C 60 or C 70 ), the amount of added fullerene and the type of composite phase
Thermodynamic and structural characterization of cyclopeptide complexes with colorimetric and fluorescent anionic dyes
No full textU ovom su radu ispitana spektroskopska i strukturna svojstva te termodinamička stabilnost kompleksa homociklopentapeptida s kolorimetrijskim i fluorescentnim anionskim bojama u acetonitrilu pomoću spektrofluorimetrijskih i spektrofotometrijskih titracija i simulacija molekulske dinamike. Kao ciklopeptidi korišteni su ciklopentafenilalanin, ciklopentaleucin i derivat ciklopentalizina čije su amino skupine na bočnim ograncima zaštićene BOC skupinama. Kao reprezentativni anioni sulfonatnih fluorescentnih boja korišteni su 8-anilino-1-naftalensulfonska kiselina i alizarin crveno S, a kao reprezentativni anion sulfonatnih kolorimetrijskih boja korišten je metiloranž. Kao reprezentativni anioni karboksilatnih fluorescentnih boja korištene su N-acetilirane aromatske amino kiseline triptofan i fenilalanin. Rezultati upućuju na stvaranje stabilnih kompleksa između ciklopepentaleucina i derivata ciklopentalizina sa sulfonatnim i karboksilatnim fluorescentnim i kolorimetrijskim bojama, dok je u slučaju ciklopentafenilalanina afinitet prema fluorescentnim karboksilatnim bojama nešto viši. Kod nastalih kompleksa ciklopeptida s fluorescentnim sulfonatnim i karboksilatnim bojama u većini slučajeva opažena je značajna razlika u molarnim spektrima kompleksa, dok ta razlika nije uočena kod kompleksa s kolorimetrijskom sulfonatnom bojom. Također, rezultati provedenih MD simulacija u otapalu upućuju na koordinaciju aniona preko amidnih protona ciklopeptida.In this work, spectroscopic and structural properties, as well as thermodynamic stability of homocyclopentapeptide complexes with colorimetric and fluorescent anionic dyes in acetonitrile were examined by means of spectrofluorimetric and spectrophotometric titrations and molecular dynamics simulations. As cyclopeptides, cyclopentaphenylalanine, cyclopentaleucine and cyclopentalysine derivative with BOC protected amino group side chains were used. 8-anilino-1-naftalenesulfonic acid and alizarin red S were used as sulfonic fluorescent dyes representatives, while methyl orange was used as sulfonic colorimetric dye representative. N-acetylated aromatic amino acids tryptophan and phenylalanine were used as carboxylic fluorescent dyes representatives. The results indicate that both of cyclic peptides form stabile complexes with fluorescent and colorimetric sulfonic and carboxylic dyes, while the affinity of cyclopentaphenylalanine towards fluorescent carboxylic dyes is somewhat higher. In most cases a significant difference in molar spectra of fluorescent dye complexes with both peptides were observed. That significant difference was not observed with colorimetric anion dye complexes. Also, the results obtained by MD simulations indicate that the anions are coordinated by the amide protons of the peptide
Spur gear fatigue life with respect to crack initiation in tooth root
No full textU ovom radu, primjenom metode konačnih elemenata (MKE), analizirana su naprezanja prilikom prolaska zuba kroz zahvat te je potom određeno mjesto nastanka zamorne pukotine u korijenu zupčanika te broj perioda do njenog nastanka. Ciklusi naprezanja određeni su za istosmjerno opterećeni zupčani par te za naizmjenično opterećen par. Analizirani su slučajevi sa i bez trenja te su rezultati uspoređeni. U radu su analizirani zupčanici izrađeni iz čelika koji su geometrijski identični.In this paper, finite element method is used to analyze the stress cycle and the location of the fatigue crack in the root of the gear and the number of periods until its occurrence were determined. The stress cycles were determined for pair of gears with direct load and alternating load. Cases with and without friction were analyzed and the results were compared. Analyzed gears are made of steel and are geometrically identical
A contribution on the knowledge of the horticultural flora of Croatia
No full textUresna flora Hrvatske se razlikuje na kopnenom i obalnom dijelu zbog utjecaja reljefa, klime, dostupnosti biljnog materijala i kreativnosti stanovništva. Analizirano je osam ranijih florističkih istraţivanja s područja kontinentalne (Donja Stubica, Karlovac, Posavski Bregi, Virovitica) i obalne (Dubrovnik, Opatija, Susak, Veli Lošinj) Hrvatske. Dokumentirano je 457 svojti iz 106 porodica kontinentalne, te 473 svojte iz 123 porodice obalne Hrvatske. Najzastupljenije porodice kontinentalnog dijela su Asteraceae, Ranunculaceae, Rosaceae i Pinaceae, a obalnog dijela su Rosaceae, Asteraceae, Lamiaceae i Fabaceae. U kontinentalnom području najzastupljenije su euroazijske i hortikulturne svojte, dok u obalnom području dominiraju svojte azijskog, zatim euroazijsko-sjevernoafričkog (tj. sredozemnog) podrijetla. Najzastupljeniji ţivotni oblik je zeljasta trajnica, ali se u velikom broju pojavljuju i listopadni/zimzeleni grm te listopadno/zimzeleno drvo. S obzirom na status u Hrvatskoj prevladavaju alohtone svojte u kulturi i autohtone svojte, ali zabiljeţeno je i deset invazivnih svojti na obalnom te sedam na kontinentalnom području Hrvatske.The horticultural flora of Croatia differs on the mainland and the coastal part due to the influence of relief, climate, availability of plant material and the creativity of the population. Eight earlier floristic surveys from continental (Donja Stubica, Karlovac, Posavski Bregi, Virovitica) and coastal (Dubrovnik, Opatija, Susak, Veli Lošinj) areas of Croatia were analyzed. 457 taxa from 106 families of continental Croatia and 473 taxa from 123 families of coastal Croatia were documented. The most represented families of the continental part are Asteraceae, Ranunculaceae, Rosaceae and Pinaceae, and of the coastal part are Rosaceae, Asteraceae, Lamiaceae and Fabaceae. In the continental area, Euro-Asian and horticultural taxa are most represented, while in the coastal area taxa of Asian, then Euro-Asian-North African (ie Mediterranean) origin dominate. The most common life form is a herbaceous perennial, but there are also deciduous/evergreen shrubs and deciduous/evergreen trees in large numbers. Regarding the status in Croatia, allochthonous taxa in culture and autochthonous taxa predominate, but ten invasive taxa were also recorded on the coastal and seven on the continental area of Croatia
Detekcija benignih varijanti broja kopija analizom kromosomskih mikročipova u hrvatskoj populaciji
No full textCopy number variants are characterized by losses or gains of DNA sequences in a range from 50 base pairs (pb) up to several megabase (Mb) for each copy. The clinical significance of CNVs is classified according to the guidelines of the American College for Medical Genetics and Genomics. Benign copy number variants are widespread in the general population and have no clinical significance. As part of this research, a retrospective-prospective analysis was conducted based on results for 400 patients referred for diagnostic treatment for various types of neurodevelopmental disorders, in the period from September 2021 to May 2023. As part of the research, a register of benign CNVs of the Croatian population is established. The significantly higher frequency of benign CNVs on chromosome 14 (34.75% of the total number of variants) indicates a possible uniqueness within the Croatian population, while benign variants on chromosomes 13, 18 and 20 are almost absent. The distribution of duplications (72.55%) among 2288 variants is significantly more prevalent than deletions (27.45%). Benign variants encompassing segments or entire genes whose specific alleles are assocaited with different diseases (so called morbid genes) like FCGR3A, ATF6, TFG, NIPA1, TAP2, KANSL1 underscore the existence of non-clinically significant variations in coding and regulatory regions of the human genome. This registry represents an important resource not only for diagnostic purposes but also for future research on genomic variability in the Croatian population, providing a systematic insight into benign CNVs.Varijante broja kopija (CNV) označavaju delecije ili duplikacije DNA veličine od 50 parova baza (bp) do nekoliko megabaza (Mb). Klinički značaj CNV-ova klasificira se prema smjernicama Američkog sveučilišta medicinske genetike i genomike. Benigne varijante broja kopija su raširene u općoj populaciji i nemaju kliničkog značaja. U okviru ovog istraživanja provela se retrospektivno-prospektivna analiza kod 400 pacijenata upućenih na dijagnostičku obradu radi različitih tipova neurorazvojnih poremećaja, u razdoblju od rujna 2021. do svibnja 2023. U sklopu istraživanja napravljen je registar benignih CNV-ova hrvatske populacije. Značajno veća učestalost benignih CNV-ova na kromosomu 14 (34.75% od ukupnog broja varijanti) ukazuje na moguću jedinstvenost unutar hrvatske populacije, dok su benigne varijante na kromosomima 13, 18 i 20 gotovo u potpunosti odsutne. Distribucija duplikacija (72,55%) među 2288 varijanti značajno prevladava u odnosu na delecije (27,45%). Benigne varijante koje sadržavaju dio ili cijele gene, čiji su specifični aleli povezani s različitim bolestima (tzv. morbidni geni) poput FCGR3A, ATF6, TFG, NIPA1, TAP2, KANSL1, pokazuju da unutar ljudskog genoma postoje različite varijante u kodirajućim i regulacijskim regijama koje nemaju klinički značaj. Ovaj registar predstavlja važan resurs ne samo za dijagnostičke svrhe već i za buduća istraživanja genomske varijabilnosti u hrvatskoj populaciji, pružajući povezan i sustavan uvid u benigne CNV-ove
Comparison of CAD and BIM modelling strategies
No full textCAD (eng. Computer Aided Design) i BIM (eng. Building Information Modeling) dva su ključna i različita pristupa pri izradi računalnih modela pri konstruiranju i projektiranju. CAD pruža detaljne vizualizacije dijelova i sklopova, dok BIM integrira dodatne projektne informacije. Sve veće korištenje BIM-a u građevinskim projektima, radi svojih bogatih informacija, prisiljava prilagodbu od strane CAD korisnika.
Postoji nekoliko načina interoperabilnosti i prijenosa CAD modela u BIM model. Način koji se pri tome koristi uvelike ovisi o važnosti pojedinih komponenti u daljnjem odvijanju projekta. Prilikom tog prijenosa kod konfiguracijskih modela, jedino se prenosi aktivna konfiguracija. Ova činjenica prisiljava korisnike na pristup izrade dva identična modela, jednog u CAD-u, drugog u BIM-u.
U okviru ovog rada izrađena su dva konfiguracijska modela, jedan u računalnom CAD alatu Onshapeu i drugi u računalnom BIM alatu Revitu. Primjerom modela konfiguracijske kupaonice prikazano je kako se radi o dva u potpunosti različita postupka. Postupak izrade konfiguracijskog modela u CAD-u nikako nije prenosiv na postupak izrade konfiguracijskog modela u Revitu, radi potrebe za definiranja elemenata u obitelji i stroge hijerarhije između njih. Same konfiguracije pružaju više opcija i fleksibilnost u Onshapeu, nego u Revitu značajka Design Options.
Svaki od modela komplementaran je te ima svoje prednosti i mane. U pogledu proizvodnje i brzine izrade modela svakako je CAD model bolja varijanta od BIM modela. Što se tiče implementiranja modela u projekte, radi velikog broja informacija o komponentama ipak je bolji BIM pristup.CAD (eng. Computer Aided Design) and BIM (eng. Building Information Modeling) are two key and distinct approaches in computer modeling for construction and design. CAD provides detailed visualization of parts and assemblies, while BIM integrates additional project information. The increasing use of BIM in construction projects, due to its rich information, necessitataes adaptation for CAD users.
There are several ways of interoperability and transferiing CAD models into BIM models. The method used largely depends on the importance of individual components in the futher progress of the project. During this transfer in configuration models, only the active configuration is transferred. This fact forces users to approach creating two identical models, one in CAD and the other in BIM.
Within the scope of this study, two configuration models were created, one in the computer CAD toll Onshape and the other in the computer BIM toll Revit. This example of a bathroom configuration model illustrates how there are two entirely different procedures. The process of creating a configuration model in CAD is not transferable to the process of creating a configuration model in Revi, due to the need to define element sin families and the strict hierarchy between them. Configurations themselves offer more options and flexibility in Onshape than in Revit's Design Options feature.
Each model is complementary and has its own advantages and disadvantages. In terms of production and speed of model cration, the CAD model is certainly a better option than the BIM model. However, when it comes to implementing models into projects, due to the large amount of information and components, the BIM approach is better
Assessment of data quality for drought index insurance in Eastern Croatia
No full textSve češći i nepredvidljiviji vremenski ekstremi otežavaju razvoj poljoprivrede. Nove tehnologije detekcije, promatranja usjeva i osiguranja pomažu poljoprivrednicima suzbiti financijske štete načinjene vremenskim nepogodama. Razvitkom novih poljoprivrednih tehnologija, ukazuje se potreba za uvođenjem nove vrste osiguranja. Indeksno osiguranje koje koristi metode daljinskih istraživanja u cilju bržeg, efikasnijeg i preciznijeg mjerenja štete na usjevima. Istraživanje se bavi procjenom kvalitete dostupnih podataka za njegovu izradu na području Istočne Slavonije. Rezultati su pokazali kako, na temelju dostupnih podataka, od promatranih usjeva samo pšenica ima uvijete za izradu indeksnog osiguranja.Increasingly frequent and unpredictable weather extremes are affecting the development of agriculture. New technologies for monitoring, observing and insuring crops are helping farmers to minimise the financial losses caused by weather disasters. A new type of insurance is emerging – index-based insurance that uses remote sensing methods to measure crop damage more quickly, efficiently and accurately. The research focuses on assessing the quality of available data for its development in the Eastern Slavonia region. The results have shown that, based on the available data, only wheat among the observed crops fulfils the conditions for the development of index-based insurance
Characterization of autochthonous microorganisms with high ability to degrade hydrocarbons from oil contaminated soils
No full textKako potreba za naftom i njenim proizvodima raste, tako dolazi i do sve češćih onečišćenja okoliša prilikom raznih aktivnosti tijekom njezine uporabe. Zbog svog negativnog utjecaja na sav živi svijet, naftne ugljikovodike nužno je ukloniti iz okoliša. Jedan od postupaka za remedijaciju tla onečišćenog naftom je bioremedijacija. Bioremedijacija je okolišno i ekonomski prihvatljiv postupak za uklanjanje prisutnog onečišćenja u kojem mikroorganizmi i njihovi enzimi imaju ključnu ulogu. Kako bi se povećala učinkovitost bioremedijacije potrebno je selektirati mikroorganizme koji pokazuju afinitet za razgradnju naftnih ugljikovodika. U ovom radu provedena je izolacija, identifikacija i karakterizacija autohtonih mikrobnih kultura iz uzorka tla onečišćenog sirovom naftom u šaržnim uvjetima u periodu 28 dana. Dobivene vrijednosti CFU su se kretale u rangu od 1,20 × 10^7 do 1,15 × 10^9/g tla. Rezultati pokazuju da je aktivnost bakterija i gljiva bila najveća pri pH-vrijednosti 7,25 i 6,5. Na temelju morfologije, biokemijskih testova i MALDI TOF analize identificirane su bakterijske vrste: Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus cereus i Pseudomonas chlororaphis.As the demand for petroleum and petroleum products increases, so does the pollution caused by the various activities associated with the use of petroleum. Because of their negative impact on all living things, petroleum hydrocarbons must be removed from the environment. One of the methods of remediation of oil polluted soil is bioremediation. Bioremediation is an ecologically and economically viable method of removing contaminated sites, in which microorganisms and their enzymes play a key role. In order to increase the efficiency of bioremediation, it is necessary to select microorganisms that have affinity for degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons. In this work, the isolation, identification and characterization of autochthonous microbial cultures from a petroleum contaminated soil sample was carried out under batch conditions over a period of 28 days. Determinated CFU values ranged from 1.20 × 10^7 to 1.15 × 10^9/g soil. The results show that the activity of bacteria and fungi was highest at pH 7.25 and 6.5. Based on morphology, biochemical tests and analysis of MALDI TOF, bacterial species were identified: Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus cereus, and Pseudomonas chlororaphis
Implementation of a parser with the aim of improving IP reuse
No full textCilj ovog diplomskog rada je nadogradnja Infineonovog alata IP repozitorij.
Nadogradnja omogućuje prikaz IP blokova trećih strana koji su ponuđeni Infineonu i koji još nisu
kupljeni. Kroz diplomski rad prikazana je implementacija nadogradnje u backendu i frontendu aplikacije.
Nadogradnja backenda napravljena je korištenjem programskog jezika Python i okvira FastAPI, dok je
nadogradnja frontenda napravljena korištenjem programskog jezika Javascript i okvira Vue.js. Za
spremanje i dohvaćanje podataka korištena je MySQL baza podataka. Također, korišteni su objektnorelacijski
označivač i Alembic. Objektno-relacijski označivač omogućuje definicije i modifikacije tablica u
bazi podataka. Alembic omogućuje stvaranje, upravljanje i pozivanje skripti za upravljanje promjenama u
bazi podataka. Osim implementacije, kroz diplomski rad istaknuta je važnost pisanja detaljnih zahtjeva
za nadogradnju sustava i temeljitog planiranja testiranja. Kao jedan od posljednjih koraka, provedeno je
temeljito testiranje nadogradnje sustava uz prateću testnu dokumentaciju. Naposlijetku, nadogradnja
sustava implementirana je na staging i produkcijskim okruženjima na Infineon Cloud platformi.The goal of this master thesis is to develop an upgrade of Infineon's tool IP repository. The
upgrade provides displaying third-party IP blocks that are offered to Infineon and that are not yet
bought. Implementation of the upgrade in backend and frontend of application is displayed through the
master thesis. The upgrade of backend is developed using programming language Python and
framework FastAPI, while the upgrade of frontend is developed using programming language Javascript
and framework Vue.js. MySQL database is used for saving and fetching the data. Also, object-relational
mapper and Alembic are used. Object-relational mapper provides definition and modification of the
tables in the database. Alembic provides creation, management and usage of the scripts for change
management in the database. Except from the implementation, through the master thesis is highlighted
the importance of writing detailed requirements on the system upgrade and thorough test planning. As
one of the last steps, thorough testing is conducted along with the corresponding test documentation.
Lastly, the system upgrade is implemented on staging and production environments on Infineon Cloud
platform
Pharmacopoeial tests in quality control of dietary supplements for the relief of symptoms of inflammatory bowel diseases
No full textDodaci prehrani koji se koriste kao podrška u liječenju upalnih bolesti crijeva mogu imati značajnu ulogu u ublažavanju simptoma tih stanja zahvaljujući prisutnosti različitih biološki aktivnih spojeva. Također, njihova primjena postaje sve učestalija za povećanje unosa esencijalnih vitamina i minerala. Međutim, zbog manje strogih zakonskih propisa i nedovoljne kontrole, postoji rizik od kontaminacije i potencijalnih nuspojava. Cilj ovog rada bio je procijeniti kvalitetu dodataka prehrani analizom njihovih mehaničkih svojstava, koja su ključna za funkcionalnost i stabilnost proizvoda. Istraživanje je obuhvatilo odabranu skupinu dodataka prehrani koji sadrže crveni brijest ili aloe veru. Ispitivani su gotovi proizvodi u obliku mekih kapsula, tableta i prašaka, pri čemu su analizirani varijabilnost mase, rastrošljivost, raspadljivost, oslobađanje djelatne tvari, gubitak mase sušenjem, nasipna gustoća, gustoća nakon potresanja te broj bubrenja. Sva ispitivanja provedena su u skladu sa smjernicama Američke farmakopeje, čime je osigurana standardizirana metodologija i usporedivost rezultata.Dietary supplements used as supportive therapy for inflammatory bowel diseases can play a significant role in alleviating the symptoms of these conditions due to the presence of various biologically active compounds. Additionally, their use is becoming increasingly common to enhance the intake of essential vitamins and minerals. However, due to less stringent regulatory requirements and insufficient control, there is a risk of contamination and potential side effects.
The aim of this study was to assess the quality of dietary supplements by analyzing their mechanical properties, which are crucial for product functionality and stability. The research included a selected group of dietary supplements containing slippery elm or aloe vera. The tested products included soft capsules, tablets, and powders, with an analysis of mass variability, friability, disintegration, active substance release, weight loss on drying, bulk density, tapped density, and swelling index. All tests were conducted in accordance with the guidelines of the United States Pharmacopeia, ensuring standardized methodology and result comparability