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Nature based tourism in the slunjsko-plitvička area
No full textOvaj rad istražuje turizam temeljen na prirodi u slunjsko-plitvičkom kraju, s naglaskom na povezanost Nacionalnog parka Plitvička jezera s ostalim atrakcijama u blizini. Cilj istraživanja bio je analizirati motivaciju, aktivnosti, obilježja putovanja i zadovoljstvo posjetitelja, kao i ispitati turističku ponudu i infrastrukturu ovog područja. Podaci su prikupljeni putem anketnog istraživanja posjetitelja Nacionalnog parka i Rastoka. Rezultati istraživanja pokazuju visoko zadovoljstvo posjetitelja s prirodnim ljepotama i kulturnom baštinom, no također ukazuju na nedostatak koordinacije između različitih turističkih lokaliteta, što može rezultirati fragmentiranim iskustvom za posjetitelje. Iako postoje jasne prednosti u prirodnim resursima, infrastruktura nije dovoljno razvijena i usklađena s potrebama svih dionika, a povećan turistički pritisak stvara izazove u održavanju i očuvanju tih resursa. Istraživanje naglašava potrebu za integracijom svih ključnih atrakcija u jedinstvenu ponudu, koja bi omogućila lakšu povezanost između lokaliteta, te za održivim razvojem turizma koji poštuje prirodne i kulturne vrijednosti. Daljnji razvoj trebao bi uključivati bolju suradnju između lokalne zajednice, pružatelja usluga i turističkih dionika, čime bi se stvorila dugoročna održivost ovog područja.This thesis explores nature-based tourism in slunjsko-plitvička area, with a focus on the connection between Plitvice Lakes National Park and other nearby attractions. The aim of the research was to analyse visitor motivation, activities, travel characteristics, and satisfaction, as well as to examine the tourism offerings and infrastructure of the region. Data was collected through a survey conducted with visitors of Plitvice Lakes National Park and Rastoke. The findings show high visitor satisfaction with the natural beauty and cultural heritage, but also point to a lack of coordination between various tourist sites, which can result in a fragmented experience for visitors. While there are clear advantages in natural resources, the infrastructure is not sufficiently developed and aligned with the needs of all participants, and increased tourist pressure creates challenges in maintaining and preserving these resources. The research highlights the need to integrate all key attractions into a unified offering, which would improve connectivity between sites, and for sustainable tourism development that respects natural and cultural values. Further development should include better collaboration between the local community, service providers, and tourists, creating long-term sustainability for the area
The impact of technology on the health and education of preschool children
No full textTehnološki napredak proteklih desetljeća imao je dubok utjecaj na sve aspekte ljudskog života, uključujući i odgoj i obrazovanje djece. Kao odgojitelj iznimno mi je važno obratiti pozornost na to kako predškolska djeca, koja se nalaze u jednoj od faza fizičkog, emocionalnog i kognitivnog razvoja, reagiraju na tehnologiju i stalan porast prisutnosti iste u njihovom okruženju. U vremenu kada su pametni telefoni, tableti, računala i drugi digitalni uređaji postali prioritetni alati u svakodnevnom životu, čak i bebe imaju pristup virtualnom svijetu, prije nego steknu osnovne motoričke i socijalne vještine. Ako se koristi na pravilan način, tehnologija može pružiti obrazovne i razvojne koristi, uključujući pristup edukativnim materijalima koji mogu promovirati ranu pismenost, kreativnost i kritičko razmišljanje. Međutim, prekomjerna ili nepropisno usmjerena uporaba tehnologije može dovesti do niza štetnih učinaka na zdravlje i razvoj djeteta, od problema s vidom i smanjene fizičke aktivnosti do otežanog predviđanja i korištenja socijalnih vještina te emocionalne labilnosti. Ovaj rad istražuje kako tehnologija utječe na odgoj predškolskog djeteta. Cilj je prikazati kako tehnologija utječe na razne aspekte razvoja predškolske djece i ulogu odgajatelja, ali i roditelja, u usmjeravanju i umjeravanju uporabe tehnologije u ranom djetinjstvu. Podržana je suvremenim istraživanjima o dječjem razvoju, zdravlju i obrazovanju, a na kraju se nude preporuke kako optimizirati uporabu tehnologije.The technological progress of the past decades has had a profound impact on all aspects of human life, including the upbringing and education of children. As an educator, it is extremely important for me to pay attention to how preschool children, who are in one of the stages of physical, emotional and cognitive development, react to technology and the constant increase in its presence in their environment. At a time when smartphones, tablets, computers and other digital devices have become priority tools in everyday life, even babies have access to the virtual world, before they acquire basic motor and social skills. If used properly, technology can provide educational and developmental benefits, including access to educational materials that can promote early literacy, creativity, and critical thinking. However, excessive or improperly directed use of technology can lead to a number of adverse effects on a child's health and development, from vision problems and reduced physical activity to difficulty predicting and using social skills and emotional lability. This paper investigates how technology affects the health and upbringing of a preschool child. The goal is to show how technology affects various aspects of preschool children's development and the role of parents and educators in guiding and moderating the use of technology in early childhood. It is supported by modern research on child development, health and education, and at the end recommendations are offered on how to optimize the use of technology
Stability of nitrilase during synthesis of (R)-4-chloro-3-hydroxybutyric acid
No full textEnzimi, odnosno biokatalizatori, imaju brojne prednosti nad kemijskim katalizatorima te se zbog toga njihova upotreba i potražnja u farmaceutskoj industriji neprestano povećava. Enzimi koji kataliziraju reakcije hidrolize nitrila u karboksilne kiseline i amonijak bez stvaranja amidnih međuprodukata nazivaju se nitrilazama. Nitrilaza se koristi kao biokatalizator u reakcijama pretvorbe (R)-4-klor-3-hidroksibutironitrila u (R)-4-klor-hidroksibutansku kiselinu. Zatim dolazi do spontane ciklizacije (R)-4-klor-3-hidroksibutanske kiseline u
(R)-3-hidroksi-γ-butirolakton koji je svestrani kiralni gradivni blok, a često se koristi u sintezama mnogih farmaceutskih polimera i otapala. U ovome se radu pratila stabilnost nitrilaze pri sintezi (R)-4-klor-hidroksibutanske kiseline. Sinteza (R)-4-klor-hidroksibutanske kiseline provedena je u kotlastom reaktoru. Spektrofotometrijskim mjerenjima određivana je aktivnost nitrilaze pri različitim koncentracijama supstrata, (R)-4-klor-3-hidroksibutironitrila, kroz vremensko razdoblje od 24 h te su uspoređeni eksperimentalno dobiveni podaci s onima predviđenim matematičkim modelom. Uočeno je da aktivnost nitrilaze pada s vremenom, odnosno dolazi do deaktivacije nitrilaze. Iz dobivenih eksperimentalnih podataka procijenjena je konstanta deaktivacije pri različitim koncentracijama supstrata i enzima te je zaključeno kako početni uvjeti u reaktoru utječu na stabilnost nitrilaze.Enzymes, also known as biocatalysts, have numerous advantages over chemical catalysts and because of that their use and demand in pharmaceutical industry is constantly growing. The enzymes that catalyze reactions of nitrile hydrolisis into carboxylic acids and ammonia without the formation of amide intermediates are called nitrilases. Nitrilases are used in conversion reactions (R)-4-chlorine-3-hydroxybutyronitrile into
(R)-4-chlorine-3-hydroxybutyric acid. Afretwords, a spontaneous reaction of cyclisation (R)-4-chlorine-3-hydroxybyric acid into (R)-3-hydroxy-γ-butyrolactone occurs, a versatile chiral building block, often used in synthesis of numerous pharmaceutical polymers and solutions. In this paper, the stability of nitrilase during the synthesis of
(R)-4-chlorine-3-hydroxybutyric acid was monitored. The synthesis of
(R)-4-chlorine-3-hydroxybutyric acid takes place in a batch reactor. The activity of nitrilase at different contrentrations of the substrate, (R)-4-chlorine-3-hydroxybutyronitrile, over a period of 24 hours was measured with the spectrophotometric assay. The experimentally obtained data was compared with those predicted by the mathematical model. It was observed that the activity of nitrilase decreases with time and it was concluded that deactivation of nitrilase occurs. The deactivation constant at different substrate and enzyme concentration was estimated from the obtained experimental data and it was concluded that the initial conditions in the reactor affect the stability of nitrilase
Traditional use of medicinal herbs in the Jastrebarsko area
No full textOvo je etnobotaničko istraživanje provedeno na području grada Jastrebarskog s naglaskom na prigradska
naselja Cvetković, Donji Desinec, Gornji Desinec, Prhoć i Prodin Dol, a u njemu je sudjelovalo 15 ispitanika
starije životne dobi (između 67 i 83 godine). Kriterij uključivanja u istraživanje bio je stjecanje znanja o
ljekovitom bilju putem usmene predaje. Ispitanici su sveukupno naveli 46 biljnih vrsta korištenih u liječenju,
a zabilježene su i njihove druge primjene. Najviše spomenutih biljnih vrsta pripadalo je porodicama
Asteraceae i Rosaceae, a prava kamilica, crna bazga, planinska čuvarkuća, malolisna lipa, obična kopriva i
vinova loza bile su ljekovite biljke od najvećeg značaja. Čajevi pripremljeni u obliku infuza bili su
najzastupljeniji ljekoviti pripravci, oralni put primjene bio je najučestaliji te su se listovi najčešće koristili u
njihovoj pripremi. Najveći broj biljnih vrsta primjenjivao se kod smetnji probavnog i dišnog sustava te kože.
Tradicionalna primjena biljaka u ljekovite svrhe zabilježena na području Jastrebarskog opravdana je i
potkrijepljena literaturnim podacima za većinu biljnih vrsta. Potrebno je provesti opsežnije i detaljnije
istraživanje u svrhu zapisivanja još raznolikije primjene biljaka navedenog područja s ciljem oplemenjivanja
i vrednovanja tradicije.This is an ethnobotanical study conducted in the area of the city of Jastrebarsko, with a focus on the suburban
settlements of Cvetković, Donji Desinec, Gornji Desinec, Prhoć, and Prodin Dol. The study involved 15
elderly participants (aged between 67 and 83). The inclusion criterion for the study was the acquisition of
knowledge about medicinal plants through oral tradition. The participants mentioned a total of 46 plant
species used in treatment, and their other uses were also recorded. Most of the mentioned plant species
belonged to the Asteraceae and Rosaceae families, with true chamomile, black elderberry, houseleek, smallleaved
linden, common nettle, and grapevine being the most significant medicinal plants. Teas prepared in
the form of infusions were the most common medicinal preparations, the oral route of administration was the
most frequent, and leaves were most often used in their preparation. The largest number of plant species was
used for digestive, respiratory, and skin disorders. The traditional use of plants for medicinal purposes
recorded in the Jastrebarsko area is justified and supported by literature data for most plant species. More
extensive and detailed research is needed to document even more diverse uses of plants from this area, with
the aim of enriching and valuing the tradition
Spectrophotometric determination of ionisation constant of resveratrol analogues
No full textPoznavanje konstante ionizacije (Ka) izuzetno je važno prilikom razvoja novih lijekova s obzirom da nam omogućuje predviđanje ponašanja lijekova u fiziološkim uvjetima. Također, ima važnu ulogu kod određivanja ADMET (apsorpcija, distribucija, metabolizam, izlučivanje, toksičnost) svojstava lijekova. Vrijednosti pKa moguće je odrediti različitim metodama poput potenciometrije, kapilarne elektroforeze, tekućinske kromatografije te UV/VIS spektrofotometrije. U ovom radu određene su pKa vrijednosti novih analoga rezveratrola
UV/VIS spektrofotometrijskom metodom. Eksperimentalno određene pKa vrijednosti iznose: 9.80±0.09, 9.94±0.14, 9.10±0.05, 9.44±0.04 i 9.58±0.16.The knowledge of ionisation constant (Ka) is extremly important for the development of new drugs as it allows us to predict the behavior of drugs under psysiological conditions. It also plays a crucial role in determinig the ADMET (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, toxicity) prosperties of drugs. The pKa values can be determined using various methods such as potentiometry, capillary electrophoresis, liquid chromatography, and UV/VIS spectrophotometry. In this study, the pKa values of new resveratrol analogs were determined using the UV/VIS spectrophotometric method. The experimentally determined pKavalues are: 9.80±0.09, 9.94±0.14, 9.10±0.05, 9.44±0.04 and 9.58±0.16
Computational investigation of the interactions of organic pollutants and poly(ethylene terephthalate)
No full textPoli(etilen tereftalat) (PET) je široko korišten polimer, kojeg odlikuju izvrsna mehanička svojstva i kemijska otpornost. Zahvaljujući raširenoj uporabi, često dospijeva u okoliš, gdje se fragmentira na mikro- i nanočestice. U takvom obliku može ostvariti interakcije s raznim organskim onečišćivalima, što ima znatne okolišne implikacije. Ab initio metode pružaju mogućnost detaljnog istraživanja tih interakcija na atomskom nivou, što omogućuje razumijevanje temeljnih sila koje upravljaju vezivanjem organskih molekula na površinu
PET-a. U ovom radu provedeno je istraživanje interakcija između PET-a i dvaju organskih onečišćivala: fenola i anilina, korištenjem DFT metode M06L(GD3)/6-31G(d,p) za geometrijsku optimizaciju modelnih sustava PET-fenol i PET-anilin u softverskom paketu Gaussian. Energija interakcije određena je koristeći osnovni skup 6-31++G(d,p), kako bi se dodatno pokušale bolje opisati disperzijske interakcije. Nadalje, korištena je „counterpoise“ metoda kako bi se korigirala pogreška superpozicije osnovnih skupina. Dobivene energije kompleksacije sustava PET-fenol i PET-anilin su negativne, što ukazuje na stabilnost kompleksa. Međutim, analiza dekompozicije energije otkriva kako sustav PET-anilin ima jače disperzijske interakcije i manju repulziju, što rezultira stabilnijim kompleksom u usporedbi sa sustavom PET-fenol. Elektrostatske interakcije slične su u oba sustava, a parcijalni naboji dobiveni Merz-Kollman analizom ukazuju na jake negativne naboje na kisikovim atomima, što omogućuje stvaranje vodikovih veza. Vizualizacija elektrostatskog potencijala također ide u prilog tomu, pri čemu su kisikovi i dušikovi atomi ključni u stvaranju elektrostatskih interakcija.Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) is a widely used polymer known for its excellent mechanical properties and chemical resistance. Due to its extensive use, it often ends up in the environment, where it fragments into micro- and nanoparticles. In these forms, it can interact with various organic contaminants, leading to significant environmental implications. Ab initio methods provide the opportunity to investigate these interactions in detail at the atomic level, enabling an understanding of the fundamental forces that govern the binding of organic molecules to the surface of PET. In this study, interactions between PET and two organic pollutants, phenol and aniline, were investigated using the DFT method M06L(GD3)/6-31G(d,p) for the geometric optimization of the interacting model systems, i.e., PET-phenol and PET-aniline in the Gaussian software package. The interaction energy was determined using the 6-31++G(d,p) basis set to better account for dispersion interactions. Furthermore, the "counterpoise" method was applied to correct for the basis set superposition error (BSSE). The resulting complexation energies for the PET-phenol and PET-aniline systems were negative, indicating favourable interactions and complex stability. However, the energy decomposition analysis revealed that the PET-aniline system exhibits stronger dispersion interactions and lower repulsion, leading to a more stable complex compared to the PET-phenol system. The electrostatic interactions were similar in both systems, with partial charges obtained from the Merz-Kollman analysis indicating significant negative charges on oxygen atoms, facilitating hydrogen bond formation. The visualization of the electrostatic potential further supported this, showing that oxygen and nitrogen atoms are key contributors to the electrostatic interactions
DEVELOPMENT OF AUTOMATIC FISH FEEDING SYSTEM IN CAGE FARMING
No full textOvaj rad se bavi razvojem automatiziranog sustava za hranjenje ribe u manjim ribogojilištima, s ciljem smanjenja troškova i poboljšanja učinkovitosti. Sustav se temelji na pneumatskom transportu hrane, pri čemu se koristi manji kompresor, plovilo i spremnik prilagođeni manjim proizvođačima. Kroz automatizaciju procesa hranjenja smanjuje se fizički rad radnika i skraćuje vrijeme potrebno za hranjenje ribe, čime se povećava produktivnost. Sustav uključuje komponente poput aluminijskih spremnika, pužnice za transport hrane i dozatora koji omogućuju precizno doziranje. Hrana se transportira zrakom kroz cjevovod do hranilice koja ravnomjerno raspoređuje peletiranu hranu u kavezima. Ovaj pristup osigurava jednostavniju i bržu primjenu u manjim uzgajalištima, bez potrebe za velikim financijskim ulaganjima. Upotrebom ekološki prihvatljivih materijala produljuje se vijek trajanja sustava i smanjuje negativan utjecaj na okoliš. Cilj rada je predstaviti rješenje koje omogućava manjim ribogojilištima primjenu naprednih tehnologija za hranjenje ribe, uz povećanje učinkovitosti i održivosti poslovanja.This paper deals with the development of an automated fish feeding system for smaller fish farms, with the aim of reducing costs and improving efficiency. The system is based on pneumatic food transport, utilizing a smaller compressor, vessel, and storage tank tailored for smaller producers. By automating the feeding process, physical labor is reduced, and the time required to feed the fish is shortened, thus increasing productivity. The system includes components such as aluminum storage tanks, an auger for food transport, and a dispenser that ensures precise dosing. The food is transported through a pipeline by air to the feeder, which evenly distributes pelletized food within the cages. This approach ensures easier and faster application in smaller farms, without the need for large financial investments. The use of environmentally friendly materials extends the lifespan of the system and reduces its negative impact on the environment. The goal of this paper is to present a solution that enables smaller fish farms to adopt advanced fish feeding technologies, increasing efficiency and business sustainability
The economic impact of demographic aging on the labor market
No full textCilj ovog završnog rada je analizirati ekonomske posljedice demografskog starenja stanovništva na tržište rada te ponuditi smjernice za ublažavanje negativnih učinaka. Razumijevanje demografskih promjena i njihova utjecaja na tržište rada ključno je za oblikovanje učinkovitih politika koje će podržati održivi gospodarski rast i socijalnu sigurnost. Starenje stanovništva predstavlja rastući globalni izazov s ekonomskim posljedicama, osobito za tržište rada. Kako se udio starijeg stanovništva povećava, radna se snaga smanjuje, što dovodi do manjka radnika i smanjenja ukupne produktivnosti. Takva situacija stvara pritisak na sustave socijalne skrbi i mirovinske fondove jer sve manji broj radno aktivnih osoba mora uzdržavati sve veći broj umirovljenika. Kako bi se ublažile posljedice, države često uvode mjere poput podizanja dobi za odlazak u mirovinu, promicanja veće participacije žena i starijih osoba na tržištu rada te poticanja imigracije. Demografsko starenje predstavlja izazov koji zahtijeva sveobuhvatan pristup i koordinirane napore cijelog društva, osobito vlade i poslodavaca.The goal of this final paper is to analyze the economic consequences of the demographic aging of the population on the labor market and to offer guidelines for mitigating the negative impacts. Understanding demographic changes and their impact on the labor market is key to designing effective policies that will support sustainable economic growth and social security. Population aging represents a growing global challenge with economic consequences, especially on the labor market. As the proportion of the elderly population increases, the labor force shrinks, leading to a shortage of workers and a decrease in overall productivity. This situation puts pressure on social welfare systems and pension funds, as the decreasing number of working people has to support the growing number of retirees. To mitigate the consequences, states often introduce policies such as raising the retirement age, promoting greater participation of women and older workers in the labor market, and encouraging immigration. Demographic aging is a challenge that requires a comprehensive approach and coordinated efforts of the entire society, especially the government and employers
Cardiovascular Diseases of the Population of the Town of Sinj
No full textUvod: Kardiovaskularne bolesti (KVB) vodeći su uzrok smrtnosti i obolijevanja u svijetu i Hrvatskoj te predstavljaju veliki javnozdravstveni problem. Također je poznato da se kardiovaskularne bolesti u velikoj mjeri mogu i prevenirati
Cilj: Utvrditi epidemiološke osobitosti oboljelih od kardiovaskularnih bolesti na području grada Sinja.
Hipoteza: Kardiovaskularne bolesti su vodeći uzroci korištenja zdravstvene zaštite te uzroci smrtnosti stanovnika grada Sinja.
Metode: Epidemiološke osobitosti će se utvrditi na temelju podataka o korištenju bolničke zdravstvene zaštite (baze HZJZ) te mortalitetnih podataka Državnog zavoda za statistiku Republike Hrvatske za područje grada Sinja u desetogodišnjem razdoblju. Podaci će se prikazati metodama deskriptivne statistike. Za statističku analizu korišten je Hi kvadrat test za usporedbu kategorijskih podataka unutar i među skupinama te Cochran-Armitage trend test za analizu trenda kategorijskih podataka.
Rezultati: U promatranom desetogodišnjem razdoblju (2014. – 2023.) na području grada Sinja ukupno je zabilježeno 21,307 hospitalizacija, od čega se 2,541 (11,9 %) odnosila na KVB, što ih svrstava među tri vodeća uzroka korištenja bolničke zdravstvene zaštite. Najzastupljenija dijagnostička podskupina bile su ishemijske bolesti srca s udjelom od 23,5 %, dok su cerebrovaskularne bolesti činile 20,8 % svih hospitalizacija povezanih s bolestima cirkulacijskog sustava. Osim navedenih, značajan udio hospitalizacija odnosio se i na bolesti arterija, arteriola i kapilara te ostale oblike srčanih bolesti.
Analiza prema spolu pokazala je statistički značajnu razliku, pri čemu su muškarci činili 57,97 % svih hospitaliziranih zbog kardiovaskularnih bolesti, dok je udio žena iznosio 42,03 % (P < 0,001). Nadalje, razlika u učestalosti hospitalizacija između muškaraca i žena bila je značajna i u usporedbi s hospitalizacijama zbog ostalih bolesti, gdje su muškarci češće bili hospitalizirani zbog KVB u odnosu na druge dijagnoze.
Dobna struktura hospitaliziranih također ukazuje na prevagu starije populacije. Osobe starije od 65 godina činile su 62,02 % svih hospitaliziranih zbog kardiovaskularnih bolesti, dok su mlađi od 65 godina činili preostalih 37,98 % (P < 0,001). Stariji bolesnici bili su dominantno zastupljeni u gotovo svim dijagnostičkim podskupinama, osim u slučaju bolesti vena, limfnih žila i limfnih čvorova, gdje je zabilježena veća učestalost kod mlađih bolesnika.
Ukupna smrtnost u Sinju tijekom promatranog razdoblja iznosila je 2.531 osoba, od čega je 1.146 osoba (45,3 %) preminulo od posljedica kardiovaskularnih bolesti. Time su one potvrđene kao vodeći uzrok smrti u lokalnoj populaciji. Premda su udjeli umrlih od KVB-a varirali tijekom godina, analizom je utvrđen značajan trend opadanja smrtnosti od tih bolesti (P = 0,02), uz najveći udio zabilježen 2017. godine (51,79 %), a najmanji 2021. godine (37,86 %). Usporedbom s nacionalnim prosjekom (38,8 % u 2023. godini), razlika u udjelu umrlih u Sinju nije bila statistički značajna (P = 0,17).
Zaključak: Rezultati potvrđuju hipotezu da su KVB vodeći uzroci korištenja zdravstvene zaštite i mortaliteta stanovništva Sinja, što potvrđuje potrebu za pojačanim preventivnim djelovanjem, osobito među starijom muškom populacijom.Introduction: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) are the leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide, including in Croatia, and represent a major public health issue. It is also well known that cardiovascular disease can be largely prevented
Objective: To determine the epidemiological characteristic of individuals suffering from cardiovascular disease in Sinj
Hypothesis: Cardiovascular disease are the leading cause of healthcare utilization and the cause of mortality among residents of Sinj.
Methods: Epidemiological characteristics will be determined based on data on the use of hospital healthcare services (HZJZ database) and mortality data from the Croatian Bureau of Statistics for the area of Sinj over ten years. The data will be presented using descriptive statistical methods. For statistical analysis, the Chi square test was used to compare categorical data within and between groups, and the Cochran-Armitage trend test was used to analyse the trend of categorical data.
Results: In the observed ten-year period (2014.–2023.), a total of 21,307 hospitalizations were recorded in the city of Sinj, of which 2,541 (11,9 %) were related to CVD, placing them among the top three causes of inpatient healthcare utilization. The most represented diagnostic subgroup was ischemic heart disease, accounting for 23,5 % of all cardiovascular-related hospitalizations, followed by cerebrovascular diseases with 20,8 %. In addition to these, a significant proportion of hospitalizations were related to diseases of the arteries, arterioles, capillaries, and other forms of heart disease.
Analysis by sex showed a statistically significant difference, with men accounting for 57,97 % of all hospitalizations due to cardiovascular diseases, while the proportion of women was 42,03 % (P < 0,001). Furthermore, the difference in hospitalization rates between men and women was also significant when compared to hospitalizations for other diseases, with men being more frequently hospitalized due to cardiovascular causes.
The age structure of hospitalized patients also indicated a predominance of the older population. Individuals aged 65 and over accounted for 62,02 % of all hospitalizations due to cardiovascular diseases, while those under 65 made up the remaining 37,98 % (P < 0,001). Older patients were predominantly represented in almost all diagnostic subgroups, except for diseases of the veins, lymphatic vessels, and lymph nodes, which were more prevalent among younger patients.
During the observed period, the total mortality in Sinj was 2,531 individuals, of whom 1,146 (45,3 %) died because of cardiovascular diseases, confirming them as the leading cause of death in the local population. Although the proportion of deaths due to CVD varied over the years, the analysis showed a significant decreasing trend in mortality from these diseases (P = 0,02), with the highest proportion recorded in 2017 (51,79 %) and the lowest in 2021 (37,86 %). When compared with the national average (38,8 % in 2023), the difference in the proportion of cardiovascular deaths in Sinj was not statistically significant (P = 0,17).
Conclusion: The results confirm the hypothesis that CVD are the leading causes of healthcare utilization and mortality among the population of Sinj, highlighting the need for enhanced preventive measures, particularly among the older male population
Development of the system for robot instalation on the steam generator's tube sheet
No full textU ovom radu prikazan je razvoj sustava za instalaciju robota na cijevnu stijenu generatora pare. Prvi korak razvojnog procesa opisanog u radu je istraživanje tržišta u sklopu kojeg su prikazani relevantni sustavi dostupni na tržištu kao i nekoliko patenata. Na temelju analize tržišta i pregleda patenata generirana je funkcijska dekompozicija prema kojoj je generirana morfološka matrica unutar koje su opisani neki od mogućih načina rješavanja parcijalnih problema definiranih funkcijskom dekompozicijom. Kombiniranjem rješenja iz morfološke matrice generirana su tri koncepta koja su zatim uspoređena i vrednovana i odabran je koncept za daljnju razradu. Odabrani koncept je razrađen, odabrane su i proračunate komponente, izrađen 3D model i na kraju je izrađena tehnička dokumentacija.This thesis presents the development of the system for robot installation on the steam generator’s tube sheet. The first step of the development process described in this paper is market research in which the relevant systems and patents are presented. Based on the market analysis and patent review, a functional decomposition was generated according to which a morphological matrix was generated within which some of the possible ways of solving partial problems defined by functional decomposition were described. By combining the solutions from the morphological matrix, three concepts were generated which were then compared and evaluated and a concept was selected for further elaboration. The selected concept was elaborated, components were selected and calculated, a 3D model was created and finally the technical documentation was prepared