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Determination of iron and manganese in dietary supplements for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease by atomic absorption spectrometry
No full textS obzirom na sve učestaliju pojavnost upalnih bolesti crijeva, raste i interes za dodatke prehrani
koji se koriste kao potporna terapija u njihovom liječenju. Budući da su dodaci prehrani u
Europskoj uniji regulirani kao hrana, a ne kao lijekovi, njihova je kontrola manje stroga, što ističe
važnost neovisnog ispitivanja njihove kvalitete. U ovom su radu analizirani dodaci prehrani koji
sadrže kurkumu, indijski tamjanovac, crni papar i justiciju. Ukupno je analizirano petnaest uzoraka
kupljenih u trgovinama zdrave hrane i putem internetske prodaje. Nakon mikrovalne digestije,
sadržaj željeza i mangana određen je metodom atomske apsorpcijske spektrometrije. Rezultati su
pokazali varijabilnost u koncentracijama ispitivanih metala među različitim pripravcima, pri čemu
su najviše vrijednosti zabilježene u uzorcima justicije i indijskog tamjanovca. Dobiveni rezultati
u skladu su s podacima iz dostupne literature, što potvrđuje pouzdanost korištene metode analize.
Analizirani dodaci prehrani pokazali su se kao vrijedan izvor željeza i mangana te potencijalno
mogu pridonijeti smanjenju nutritivnih deficita kod osoba s upalnim bolestima crijeva. Njihova
uloga u nadopunjavanju prehrane i očuvanju zdravlja dodatno potvrđuje potrebu za redovitom
kontrolom njihove kakvoće i sigurnosti.Given the increasing incidence of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), there is growing interest
in dietary supplements used as supportive therapy in their treatment. Since dietary supplements
are regulated as food in the European Union, rather than as medicines, their quality control is less
stringent, highlighting the importance of independent product testing. This study analyzed dietary
supplements containing turmeric, Indian frankincense, black pepper, and Green chiretta. A total
of fifteen samples were examined, purchased from health food stores and via online retailers.
Following microwave-assisted digestion, the content of iron and manganese was determined using
flame atomic absorption spectrometry. The results showed variability in the concentrations of the
analyzed trace metals among the different supplements, with the highest levels found in samples
containing Green chiretta and Indian frankincense. The obtained values were consistent with data
reported in the scientific literature, confirming the reliability of the analytical method used. The
analyzed dietary supplements proved to be valuable sources of iron and manganese and may help
reduce deficiencies of these essential micronutrients in individuals with IBD. Their role in
complementing the daily diet and maintaining health underlines the need for regular quality and
safety control of such products
Assault Ramp for Urban Tactical Vehicle
No full textOklopni robotski sustav MV-3 Hystrix je višenamjensko daljinski upravljivo vozilo namijenjeno za pružanje potpore intervencijskih postrojbama prilikom izvođenja protuterorističkih operacija. Zbog svojih dimenzija može ga se koristiti unutar zatvorenih prostora i objekata te otvorenih prostora s uskim prolazima. Vozilo na sebi ima sklopive štitove pomoću kojih se može prilagoditi određenom zadatku.
Diplomski rad izrađen je u suradnji s tvrtkom DOK-ING d.o.o. zbog potrebe razvoja sustava za povišeni taktički ulazak na spomenutom vozilu. Izvedeno je projektiranje navalne rampe u formi alata koja može doseći visine prvog i drugog kata zgrade pri čemu je bilo potrebno osigurati sigurno kretanje najviše dvaju člana intervencijskih postrojbi. Provedeno je koncipiranje rampe i određenih funkcija rampe. Kao dodatna oprema na rampi su osigurani prihvati za dva štita, ljestve i uže. Provedeni su proračuni i izrađena je tehnička dokumentacijaThe MV-3 Hystrix armored robotic system is a multi-purpose remote-controlled vehicle intended to provide support to intervention units during counter-terrorist operations. Due to its dimensions, it can be used inside closed spaces and buildings, as well as open spaces with narrow passages. The vehicle has foldable shields with which it can be adapted to a specific task.
The diploma thesis was prepared in cooperation with the company DOK-ING d.o.o. due to the need to develop a system for elevated tactical entry on the vehicle. The design of an assault ramp in the form of a tool was carried out. The ramp needs to reach the heights of the first and second floors of a building, while ensuring safe movement of two members of the intervention units. There are insured mounts for additional equipment which are two shields, a ladder and a rope. Calculations were carried out and technical documentation was prepared
Optimization of Gluten-Free Bread Formulation with Quercus pubescens Acorn Flour, Whey Proteins and Xanthan Gum Using Response Surface Methodology and Computer Vision Analysis
No full textU ovom radu istražen je utjecaj dodatka koncentrata proteina sirutke i ksantan gume na fizikalna, strukturna, teksturalna i senzorska svojstva kruha bez glutena pripremljenog na osnovi mješavine rižinog brašna i brašna žira hrasta medunca (Quercus pubescens). Primjenom metode odzivnih površina (RSM) ispitani su odgovori: svjetlina i kromatske komponente boje (L*, a*, b*), teksturalni parametri (otpornost na žvakanje, elastičnost, kohezivnost), broj i veličina šupljina, ukupna poroznost, specifični volumen i senzorska prihvatljivost. Rezultati su pokazali da oba dodatka imaju značajan, često nelinearan i međusobno ovisan utjecaj na navedena svojstva. Proteini sirutke povećali su svjetlinu (L*), veličinu šupljina i ukupnu poroznost, ali smanjili broj šupljina, kohezivnost i elastičnost. Ksantan guma je povećala broj šupljina, otpornost na žvakanje, elastičnost, kohezivnost i senzorsku prihvatljivost, no u višim koncentracijama djelovala je negativno na teksturalna svojstva. Kvadratni i linearni modeli imali su visoke vrijednosti koeficijenata determinacije (R² > 0,9), a računalna analiza slike omogućila je objektivnu kvantifikaciju strukturnih promjena. Optimalna formulacija (15 % proteina sirutke, 1,47 % ksantan gume) rezultirala je najvišom senzorskom ocjenom (7,83/9), dobrom poroznošću (33,12 %) i minimalnim otporom žvakanju. Statistički modeli i provedena optimizacija pokazali su visoku pouzdanost i primjenjivost u razvoju i industrijskoj validaciji bezglutenskih formulacija.This study investigated the effects of whey protein concentrate and xanthan gum on the physical, structural, textural, and sensory properties of gluten-free bread formulated from a mixture of rice flour and downy oak (Quercus pubescens) acorn flour. Using response surface methodology (RSM), key quality parameters were evaluated, including crumb color (L*, a*, b*), textural attributes (chewiness, elasticity, cohesiveness), pore number and size, total porosity, specific volume, and sensory acceptability. The results showed that both additives exerted significant, often nonlinear and interactive effects on the measured responses. Whey protein increased crumb brightness (L*), pore size, and porosity, but decreased the number of pores, elasticity, and cohesiveness. Xanthan gum enhanced pore number, chewiness, elasticity, cohesiveness, and sensory quality, but at higher concentrations, it negatively affected texture. The statistical models showed high predictive reliability (R² > 0.9), and image analysis was successfully used to objectively quantify crumb structure. The optimal formulation (15% whey protein, 1.47% xanthan gum) achieved the highest sensory score (7.83/9), favorable porosity (33.12%), and minimal chewiness. The RSM models and optimization confirmed the potential for application in the development and industrial validation of gluten-free formulations
Renal function and pharmacotherapy in cardiac surgery patients
No full textKardiokirurški pacijenti su pod povećanim rizikom od nastanka oštećenja bubrežne funkcije, stoga je ovaj rad imao za
cilj utvrditi rizične lijekove s obzirom na bubrežnu funkciju u kardiokirurških pacijenata i analizirati vrstu preporuka.
Određeni lijekovi smatraju se rizičnima s obzirom na bubrežnu funkciju ako su kontraindicirani, zahtijevaju optimizaciju
doziranja ili povećano praćenje pacijenta. Istraživanje je sveukupno uključilo 64 kardiokirurška pacijenta koji su
uglavnom bili starije životne dobi i na politerapiji zbog brojnih komorbiditeta.
Sveukupno je utvrđeno 102 lijeka, od kojih je rizičnih lijekova s obzirom na bubrežnu funkciju bilo 79, a prosječan broj
rizičnih lijekova po pacijentu je bio 5,48. Najčešće su rizični lijekovi bili iz ATK skupine C, a pojedinačno najčešći
rizičan lijek je bio bisoprolol. Sveukupno je utvrđeno 10 kategorija rizika s obzirom na bubrežnu funkciju. Sveukupno
je utvrđeno 16 lijekova koji su zahtijevali intervenciju sukladno sažecima opisa svojstava (15,69% od ukupnog broja
lijekova i 20,25% od ukupnog broja rizičnih lijekova), a upućeno je ukupno 28 intervencija. Najviše utvrđenih rizičnih
lijekova je prema sažetku opisa svojstava zahtijevalo intervenciju u vidu prilagodbe doze i/ili intervala doziranja, a
najčešća intervencija je upućena za eplerenon, u vidu prilagodbe doziranja. Ostali prijedlozi intervencija upućeni su
zbog kontraindikacije, potrebe za promjenom intervala doziranja ili neučinkovitosti lijeka s obzirom na pristigli nalaz
bubrežne funkcije.
Jedan od važnih farmakoterapijskih problema je primjena lijekova u oštećenoj bubrežnoj funkciji. Klinička farmacija
ima i za cilj redovitom analizom farmakoterapije pravovremeno utvrditi farmakoterapijske probleme i povećavati
sigurnost primjene lijekova u oštećenoj bubrežnoj funkciji.Cardiac surgery patients are at increased risk of developing renal impairment; therefore, the aim of this study was to
identify renal risk drugs (RRD) in cardiac surgery patients and to analyze the nature of the recommendations provided.
Certain medications are considered high-risk for renal function if they are contraindicated, require dose optimization, or
necessitate increased patient monitoring. The study included a total of 64 cardiac surgery patients, most of whom were
elderly and undergoing polypharmacy due to multiple comorbidities.
In total, 102 medications were identified, of which 79 were classified as RRDs. The average number of RRDs per patient
was 5,48. The most common RRDs belonged to ATC group C. Bisoprolol was the most frequently prescribed RRD.
Overall, ten categories of renal risk were identified, A total of 16 medications required intervention according to the
Summaries of product characteristics (15,69% of all medications and 20,25% of RRDs), interventions were initiated 28
times. The largest number of medications, according to the Summaries of product characteristics, required dose and/or
dosing interval adjustments as an intervention. The most frequently intervened drug was eplerenone, due to the need for
dosage adjustment. Other proposed interventions were due to contraindications, the need for changes in dosing intervals,
or drug ineffectiveness based on renal function test results.
The use of medications in patients with impaired renal function is a significant pharmacotherapeutic problem. Clinical
pharmacy aims to regularly assess pharmacotherapy in order to timely identify pharmacotherapeutic problems and
enhance patient safety
Corrosion inhibitors for prevention of corrosion in geothermal power plants equipment
No full textTema ovog rada su inhibitori korozije za zaštitu opreme u sustavima za proizvodnju geotermalne energije. Geotermalna energija, kao obnovljivi i održiv izvor, sve se više koristi za proizvodnju električne energije i industrijske procese, ali eksploatacija geotermalnih sustava donosi ozbiljne izazove u pogledu korozijske otpornosti materijala zbog visokih temperatura, tlakova i prisutnosti agresivnih medija poput kiselina, klorida i sumporovodika.
U teorijskom dijelu rada obrađeni su osnovni principi iskorištavanja geotermalne energije, vrste geotermalnih elektrana, zahtjevi za materijale koji se koriste u ekstremnim radnim uvjetima te tipovi korozijskih oštećenja koji se najčešće pojavljuju u takvim sustavima. Poseban naglasak stavljen je na mehanizme djelovanja inhibitora korozije, njihove klasifikacije, kemijski sastav i primjenu u svrhu produljenja vijeka trajanja opreme.
Eksperimentalni dio rada obuhvaća ispitivanja učinkovitosti inhibitora korozije na čelicima L80 i P110, koji se često koriste za proizvodnju bušotinskih cijevi. Ispitivanja su provedena u 15%-tnoj otopini HCL i HCL s dodatkom metanola pri 200 °C i 70 bara, u autoklavu Chandler 5617. Korišteni su inhibitori korozije na bazi dušika, a njihova učinkovitost je procijenjena metodom gubitka mase te su rezultati prikazani tablično.
Na temelju dobivenih podataka izrađene su preporuke za odabir inhibicijskog sustava te je u CAD programu modeliran dio sustava za transport fluida u geotermalnim elektranama, uzimajući u obzir brzinu korozije. Rezultati potvrđuju važnost odgovarajuće inhibicijske zaštite za produljenje radnog vijeka opreme i osiguranje ekonomske isplativosti eksploatacije geotermalne energije.The topic of this thesis is corrosion inhibitors used for protecting equipment in geothermal energy production systems. Geothermal energy, as a renewable and sustainable source, is increasingly utilized for electricity generation and industrial applications. However, its exploitation introduces significant material degradation challenges due to high temperatures, pressures, and the presence of aggressive media such as acids, chlorides, and hydrogen sulfide.
The theoretical part of the work covers the principles of geothermal energy use, types of geothermal power plants, material requirements for extreme conditions, and typical forms of corrosion damage. Particular focus is given to the mechanisms of corrosion inhibitor action, their classifications, chemical compositions, and applications for prolonging equipment service life.
The experimental section presents the investigation of corrosion inhibitor efficiency on L80 and P110 steels, commonly used for production tubing and casing. Tests were conducted in 15% HCl and HCl with methanol at 200 °C and 70 bar using a Chandler 5617 autoclave. Nitrogen-based inhibitors were used for corrosion inhibition. Corrosion rates were determined by mass loss measurements, and results were presented in tables.
Based on the results, recommendations for optimal inhibitor formulation were proposed, and a CAD model of a geothermal fluid transport section was created, integrating corrosion rate analysis. Findings confirm that appropriate corrosion inhibition significantly improves the durability of metallic components and supports the economic viability of geothermal exploitation
Hydrological and Seismic Impacts on Groundwater at a Landfill Site
No full textPodzemne vode čine važan dio prirodnog vodenog ciklusa, a njihova kvaliteta je ključna za očuvanje okoliša, osobito u područjima u blizini odlagališta otpada. U ovom radu proučavani su hidrološki i seizmički čimbenici koji mogu utjecati na razinu i kvalitetu podzemnih voda odlagališta neopasnog otpada „Goričica“. Istraživanja su provedena u periodu od 2018. do 2024. godine. Istraživanje je pokazalo kako prirodni utjecaji mogu privremeno poremetiti uobičajene obrasce podzemnih tokova i kvalitete podzemne vode, ali i da se pravilnim sustavom nadzora mogu pravodobno prepoznati i pratiti takve promjene. Rad pruža dublji uvid u složen odnos između prirodnih pojava i podzemnih voda odlagališta otpada te ističe važnost kontinuiranog monitoringa u zaštiti vodonosnika i okoliša.Groundwater is an essential component of the natural water cycle, and its quality is crucial for environmental protection, especially in areas near waste disposal sites. This thesis examines the hydrological and seismic factors that may influence the level and quality of groundwater at the “Goričica” non-hazardous waste landfill. The research was conducted over the period from 2018 to 2024. The study revealed that natural influences can temporarily disrupt typical groundwater flow patterns and water quality, but that such changes can be timely identified and monitored through an effective monitoring system. The paper provides a deeper insight into the complex relationship between natural phenomena and landfill groundwater and emphasizes the importance of continuous monitoring for the protection of aquifers and the environment
Sources and effects of chemical hazards in technical inspection station
No full textU ovom radu prikazani su rezultati istraživanja koja su provedena u Stanici za tehnički pregled vozila Sisak. Provedena su mjerenja koncentracije kemijskih štetnosti, odnosno plinova i prašine, koji mogu nastati tijekom rada s motornim vozilima. Posebna pažnja posvećena je analizi koncentracija ugljikovog monoksida (CO), ugljikovoga dioksida (CO₂), dušikovih oksida (NOx), te čestica čađe koji se svrstavaju među zagušljivce, nadražljivce i prašine. Mjerenja su provedena sukladno važećim zakonskim propisima i normama, a rezultati su uspoređeni s graničnim vrijednostima profesionalne izloženosti koje su definirane zakonskom regulativom. Dobiveni podaci pokazuju da su sve koncentracije ispod propisanih graničnih vrijednosti, što ukazuje na to da uvjeti rada u Stanici za tehnički pregled vozila Sisak ne predstavljaju rizik za zdravlje zaposlenika. Također, utvrđeno je da su u radnom prostoru poduzete sve potrebne tehničke i organizacijske mjere zaštite, uključujući adekvatnu ventilaciju i redovito održavanje sustava za odvod ispušnih plinova, čime se osigurava radno okruženje bez štetnog utjecaja na zdravlje. Ovi rezultati potvrđuju usklađenost poslovanja s principima zaštite na radu i očuvanja sigurnosti zaposlenika.This thesis presents the results of research conducted at the Vehicle technical inspection station Sisak. Measurements were carried out of the concentration of chemical hazards, i.e. gases and dust, which can be generated during work with motor vehicles. Special attention was paid to the analysis of concentrations of carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO₂), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and soot particles, which are classified as suffocating agents, irritants, and dusts. The measurements were carried out in accordance with the applicable legal regulations and standards, and the results were compared with the occupational exposure limit values defined by the legislation. The data obtained show that all concentrations are below the prescribed limit values, which indicates that the working conditions at the Vehicle technical inspection station Sisak do not pose a risk to the health of employees. It was also determined that all necessary technical and organizational protection measures were taken in the workplace, including adequate ventilation and regular maintenance of the exhaust gas removal system, which ensures a working environment without harmful effects on health. These results confirm the compliance of the business with the principles of occupational safety and the preservation of employee safety
Fatty acid composition of the dog semen and seminal plasma
No full textThe aim of this study was to determine the fatty acid composition of spermatozoa and
seminal plasma of dogs and its relationship with ejaculate quality, since to our knowledge, data
on the composition of fatty acids (FA) in seminal plasma, their effect on sperm, and data on the
composition of fatty acids in dog sperm are limited. Out of 46 semen collections that were
performed on the owner’s demand for semen evaluation, we analyzed 35 spermatozoa
collections and 45 seminal plasmas. Dogs were subjected to a clinical examination, B-mode
ultrasonography of the testes, epididymis and prostate, semen evaluation after collection using
CASA system that included 11 parameters (VAP, VSL, VCL, ALH, BCF, STR, LIN, ELONG,
AREA, MOT, PMOT – divided into 4 categories of movement : RAP, MED, SLOW, STATIC)
as well as standard microscopic procedure (volume, pH, concentration and semen viability –
HOS test and Bloom staining). After the evaluation of semen quality, the seminal plasma was
separated from spermatozoa. From both spermatozoa and seminal plasma total lipids were
extracted then converted to methyl esters and analyzed on gas chromatograph. Results show
that the most dominated group in both sample types was saturated FA, with C16:0 as most
represented, and both were significantly higher in spermatozoa (p=0.04, p<0.01). Second group
in representation was polyunsaturated FA in both sample types, while the least represented was
monounsaturated FA. Furthermore, essential FA, C18:2n-6 and conditionally essential FA,
C20:5n-3 were significantly higher in seminal plasma (p=0.04. p<0.01). Ratios of conditionally
essential FA, AA/EPA (arachidonic/eicosapentaenoic FA) and DHA/EPA (docosahexaenoic
/eicosapentaenoic FA) were significantly higher in dog's spermatozoa compared to seminal
plasma (p<0.01, p<0.01). Seminal plasma FA composition also showed significant correlations
between spermatozoa morphological parameters; AA/DHA ratio correlated positively, while
C22:5 correlated negatively with pathologically changed spermatozoa midpiece (r=0.49, r=-
0.57; respectively; p<0.05). Regarding CASA spermatozoa parameters and FA spermatozoa
composition, we found that MUFA, C18:3n-3 and EPA correlated positively with VCL µm/s
(r=0.41, 0.37 and 0.37; respectively; p<0.05). MUFA also correlated with medium velocity
distribution (r=0.41; p<0.05). Furthermore, C18:3n-3 showed positive correlation with motility
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(r=0.40; p<0.05). Composition of FA in canine spermatozoa and seminal plasma as well as
significant correlations of FA and semen quality parameters found in this study suggest
importance of PUFA, especially n-3 family PUFA content, in the physiological function of
spermatozoa and thus point to the importance of quality nutrition on the fertility of dogs. The
link between the FA composition of spermatozoa and seminal plasma with the quality of the
ejaculate is particularly important, as it could help in finding markers that will indicate the
quality of the ejaculate and thus serve in clinical work, considering the increasing number of
dogs that have a problem with reduced fertility.jihovu povezanost s kvalitetom ejakulata, budući da su prema našim saznanjima podaci
o sastavu masnih kiselina u sjemenoj plazmi, njihovom učinku na spermije te podaci o sastav
masnih kiselina spermija u pasa ograničeni. Od 46 polučivanja sjemena koje je učinjeno na
zahtjev vlasnika radi procjene kvalitete sjemena, analizirano je 35 uzorkovanja spermija i 45
sjemenih plazmi. Na psima je proveden klinički pregled te je ocjenjena kvaliteta ejakulata
nakon polučivanja korištenjem parametara računalno potpomognute analize spermija (VAP,
VSL, VCL, ALH, BCF, STR, LIN, ELONG, AREA, MOT, PMOT - dodatno podijeljeno u
četiri kategorije kretanja: RAP, MED, SLOW, STATIC) i standardnom mikroskopskom
pretragom (volumen, pH, koncentracija i vitalnost spermija -HOS test i bojenje po Bloom-u).
Nakon procjene kvalitete sjemena, sjemena plazma je odvojena od spermija. Iz spermija i
sjemene plazme ekstrahirani su ukupni lipidi, zatim prevedeni u metilne estere i analizirani na
plinskom kromatografu. Rezultati pokazuju da su zasićene masne kiseline (MK)
najdominantnija skupina masnih kiselina u obje vrste uzoraka, s C16:0 kao najzastupljenijom,
čiji je postotak bio značajno viši u spermijima (p=0.04, p<0.01). Druge po zastupljenosti u oba
tipa uzorka bile su višestruko nezasićene MK, dok su najmanje zastupljene bile jednostruko
nezasićene MK. Nadalje, esencijalna MK, C18:2n-6 i uvjetno esencijalna MK, C20:5n-3 bile
su značajno više u sjemenoj plazmi (p=0.04. p<0.01). Omjeri uvjetno esencijalnih MK,
AA/EPA i DHA/EPA bili su značajno viši u spermijima pasa u usporedbi sa sjemenom
plazmom (p<0.01, p<0.01). Sastav MK sjemene plazme značajno korelira s morfološkim
pokazateljima spermija; omjer AA/DHA korelirao je pozitivno, dok je C22:5 korelirao
negativno s patološki promijenjenim srednjim dijelom spermija (r=0,49, r=-0,57). Što se tiče
pokazatelja računalno potpomognute analize spermija i sastava MK spermija, utvrđeno je da
MUFA, C18:3n-3 i EPA pozitivno koreliraju s VCL µm/s (r=0,41, r=0,37, r=0,37; p<0.05).
MUFA također značajno korelira s distribucijom srednje brzine (r=0,41; p<0.05). Nadalje,
C18:3n-3 značajno pozitivno korelira s motilitetom (r=0,40; p<0.05). Sastav MK u spermijima
pasa i sjemenoj plazmi kao i značajne korelacije MK i pokazatelja kvalitete sjemena pronađenih
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u ovom istraživanju, upućuju na važnost višestruko nezasićenih MK, posebice sadržaja
višestruko nezasićenih MK iz n-3 obitelji, u fiziološkoj funkciji spermija pa rezultati upućuju
na važnost kvalitetne ishrane na plodnost pasa. Posebice je važna poveznica između
masnokiselinskog sastava spermija i sjemene plazme s kvalitetom ejakulata, jer u budućim
istraživanjima pruža mogućnost pronalaženja markera koji će upućivati na kvalitetu ejakulata i
time poslužiti u kliničkom radu, s obzirom na sve veći broj pasa koji imaju problem s plodnošću
Automation of optical 3D scanning instrument
No full textCilj ovog diplomskog rada je automatizacija procesa mjerenja optičkim mjernim uređajem ATOS 5x. Navedeni optički mjerni uređaj tvrtke GOM i ABB robot, model IRB4600 čine mjerni sustav. Komunikacija između upravljačkog sustava robota i mjernog uređaja ostvarena je primjenom komunikacijskog protokola koji se za tu svrhu razvija na Katedri za alatne strojeve. Objašnjeni su principi i vrste skeniranja te korištenje mjernog uređaja ATOS 5x pomoću GOM Inspect softvera. Korišteni model komunikacije klijent-poslužitelj detaljno je pojašnjen. Na kraju rada napravljena su probna mjerenja primjenom razvijenog komunikacijskog protokola.In this thesis the goal is to accomplish an automatic 3D optical scanning system using ATOS 5x device. The thesis describes methods of communication and data exchange between ABB robot and mentioned measuring device using communication protocol developed for this purpose at the Chair of machine tools. The principles and types of scanning are explained, as well as the use of the ATOS 5x measuring device with the GOM Inspect software. The system was tested and client-server communication was implemented, with the communication methods explained in detail. At the end of the work, test measurements were performed using the developed communication protocol
Optical separation in e-waste recycling
No full textSvake godine na tržište se stavlja velika količina električne i elektroničke opreme, a istovremeno se mala količina električnog i elektroničkog otpada pravilno prikuplja i reciklira. U EE-otpadu su sadržane velike količine opasnih tvari, ali i vrijednih sirovina. Nakon primarnog uklanjanja opasnih tvari, ovaj otpad se usitnjava i razdvaja. U ovom diplomskom radu su navedeni i opisani postupci usitnjavanja i razdvajanja EE-otpada. Detaljno je opisan proces recikliranja kućanskih uređaja. Optičko razvrstavanje je napredan postupak koji se koristi za razvrstavanje usitnjenog EE-otpada. Optički separator je uređaj visoke osjetljivosti koji može razvrstavati EE-otpad na temelju boje, oblika i transparentnosti. U radu su opisane njegove mogućnosti i prednosti te ograničenja i nedostaci.
U eksperimentalnom dijelu ovog diplomskog rada ispitane su mogućnosti optičkog separatora na uzorku usitnjenog EE-otpada te je napravljena usporedba s podatcima dobivenim postupkom ručne separacije.Every year, a large amount of electrical and electronic equipment is placed on the market, while at the same time a small amount of electrical and electronic waste (WEEE) is properly collected and recycled. E-waste contains large quantities of hazardous substances, but also valuable raw materials. After the primary removal of hazardous substances, this waste is shredded and separated. In this master thesis the procedures of shredding and separation of e-waste are listed and described. The process of recycling household appliances is described in detail. Optical sorting is an advanced process used to sort shredded e-waste. An optical separator is a highly sensitive device that can sort e-waste based on color, shape, and transparency. In this thesis capabilities and advantages are described as well as its limitations and disadvantages.
In the experimental part of the master thesis the possibilities of the optical separator on the sample of crushed EE-waste were examined and a comparison was made with the data obtained by the manual separation process