Repository of Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek
Not a member yet
37744 research outputs found
Sort by
SEASONAL DYNAMICS AND DISTRIBUTION OF INVASIVE ALIEN MOSQUITO SPECIES IN BROD-POSAVINA COUNTY
No full textAzijski tigrasti komarac Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus (Skuse, 1895) i japanski komarac Aedes japonicus (Theobald, 1901) (Diptera; Culidae) su vrste koje izvorno potječu s tropskih i suptropskih područja jugoistočne Azije, no u zadnjih su se nekoliko desetljeća putem trgovine starih guma motornih vozila i uvozom ukrasne biljke Dracena sanderiana (Masters) (engl. lucky bamboo) rasprostranile diljem svijeta. U Hrvatskoj je vrsta Ae. albopictus prvi put zabilježena 2004. godine, a u Brodsko-posavskoj županiji 2016. godine. Prva pojava vrste Ae. japonicus u Hrvatskoj je dokumentirana 2013. godine, a u Brodsko-posavskoj županiji 2017. godine. Monitoring je proveden u razdoblju od svibnja do listopada 2019. godine u suradnji sa Zavodom za javno zdravstvo Brodsko-posavske županije, a u sklopu nacionalnog sustava praćenja invazivnih vrsta komaraca na području Republike Hrvatske. Rezultati su potvrdili prisutnost obiju vrsta uz izraženu dominantnost vrste Ae. albopictus. Azijski tigrasti komarac je zbog svoje uloge u prijenosu uzročnika bolesti, prvenstveno, dengue, chikungunya i žute groznice, od velikog javnozdravstvenog značaja te zahtijeva kontrolu na globalnoj razini. U svrhu očuvanja zdravlja ljudi nužna je edukacija šire javnosti koja bi zajedno s primjenom ciljanih tretmana suzbijanja komaraca pridonijela sprječavanju distribucije i smanjenju brojnosti invazivnih vrsta komaraca.The Asian tiger mosquito Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus (Skuse, 1895) and Asian bush
mosquito Aedes japonicus (Theobald, 1901) (Diptera; Culidae) both originate from the tropical and subtropical areas of Southeast Asia, but in the last few decades have spread globally with the help of the international trade of used tires and decorative plant Dracena sanderiana (Masters) better known as „lucky bamboo“. First specimen of Ae. albopictus mosquito in Croatia was collected in 2004, and in Brod-Posavina County in 2016. First findings of Ae. japonicus in Croatia were recorded in 2013, and in Brod-Posavina County in 2017. The monitoring was conducted between May and October of 2019 in cooperation with Institute for Public Health of Brod-Posavina County as a part of the national system for monitoring of invasive mosquito species in Croatia. The results showed the presence of both species and also dominance of Ae. albopictus compared to Ae. japonicus. The Asian tiger mosquito is of major public health concern as it is a vector of pathogens,
primarily yellow fever, dengue and chikungunya viruses, therefore it has to be monitored on a global scale. In order to preserve public health both the public education and focused mosquito control strategies are need to prevent the invasion, establishment, and colonization of invasive mosquito species
Snake venoms and their application
No full textLjekovita svojstva otrova zmija čovjeku su poznata već dugi niz godina. Njihova primjena u tradicionalnoj
medicini potaknula je mnoge znanstvenike da detaljnije istraže njegove komponente. Rezultati istraživanja
redovno pokazuju mnoga korisna svojstva otrova koja se mogu primijeniti pri liječenju bolesti poput raka te
pri liječenju srčanih bolesti koje predstavljaju liječnicima velik izazov. Zahvaljujući modernim tehnikama
istraživanja otkriva se sve više novih komponenata otrova koje se mogu iskoristiti za proizvodnju novih
lijekova.The healing properties of snake venoms have been known to man for many years. Their application in
traditional medicine has inspired many scientists to investigate its components in more detail. The results of
research regularly show many useful properties of toxins that can be used in the treatment of diseases such as
cancer and in the treatment of heart disease, which is a great challenge for doctors. Thanks to modern research
techniques, more and more new components of toxins are being discovered that can be used to produce new
drugs
INFLUENCE OF NANOPARTICLES ON SOIL MICROBIOM
No full textZbog svojih specifičnih svojstva i širokog raspona primjene, nanočestice i nanomaterijali
danas se sve više primjenjuju u različitim poljima znanosti i granama ljudske djelatnosti
poput farmacije, medicine, poljoprivrede, tekstilne industrije i industrije boja, naftne industrije te prehrambene industrije. Posljedično tome povećava se broj nanočestica ispuštenih u
okoliš. S obzirom na njihov negativan utjecaj raste zabrinutost za ljude i okoliš od zagaĎenosti tla i vode. Nanočestice metala i metalnih oksida te nanočestice ugljikovih oksida i
nulto-valentnog ţeljeza mogu uzrokovati modifikacije mikrobioma, odnosno mikrobnih
aktivnosti u tlu te posljedično tome utjecati na plodnost i funkciju tla te biogeokemijske
cikluse, zbog čega je procjena nanotoksičnosti od iznimne vaţnosti.Due to its specific properties and wide range of applications, nanoparticles and nanomaterials are increasingly used today in various fields of science and branches of human
activity such as pharmaceuticals, agriculture, textile and dye industry, oil industry and food
industry. Consequently, the number of nanoparticles released into the environment increases. Given their negative impact, concerns for people and the environment are growing.
Nanoparticles of metals and metal oxides and nanoparticles of carbon oxides and zerovalent iron can modificate microbiome, more precisely, microbial activities in the soil and
consequently impact the amount of biogeochemical cycles – which is the reason why the
assessment of nanotoxicity is extremely important
The impact of noise pollution on marine invertebrates
No full textAntropogeni izvori buke pod morem te njihovi učinci na
morske beskralježnjake rastući su globalni problem. U radu je opisano širenje zvuka u morskoj
vodi te temeljne komponente podvodne buke. Morski beskralježnjaci gotovo isključivo
percipiraju komponentu gibanja čestica, a u tome im pomažu osjetilni receptori u vidu
osjetilnih dlačica i statocista. Eksperimentalno izlaganje zvuku može biti akutno i kronično.
Iako je većina dosadašnjih studija bazirano na istraživanju obrazaca ponašanja i kretanja, u
novije vrijeme raste broj studija koje proučavaju fiziološke, biokemijske i genetičke odgovore
morskih beskralježnjaka prilikom izlaganja buci sa rastućim dokazima o štetnosti
antropogenog zvuka u moru.Anthropogenic sources of underwater noise and their effects on sea
invertebrates have grown into global problem. This thesis describes the propagation of sound
in seawater and the underlying components of underwater noise. Sea invertebrates almost
exclusively perceive the particle movement component which is assisted by sensory receptors
such as sensory hair and statocysts. Experimental exposure to sound can be acute and chronic.
Although most of the studies so far have been based on looking into patterns of behavior and
movement, in recent time there has been an increase of studies studying the biochemical,
physiological and genetic responses of sea invertebrates during the sound exposure with the
growing evidence of the detrimental effects of anthropogenic noise in the sea
Synthesis of coumarin-3-carboxylic acid derivatives in deep eutectic solvents
No full textZelena kemija relativno je nov koncept na polju kemije koji je u proces sinteze uveo
alternativna otapala. Vrsta alternativnog otapala koje je korišteno za sintezu derivata kumarin-
3-karboksilne kiseline bilo je eutektičko otapalo sintetizirano od dvije komponente kolinklorida i mliječne kiseline. Za sintezu derivata kumarin-3-karboksilne kiseline primijenjenaje i
mehanokemijska sinteza. Mehanokemijska sinteza temelji se na primjeni mehaničke sile koja
potiče kemijske reakcije između reaktanata, a provedena je korištenjem kugličnog mlina,uz
octenu kiselinu kao katalizator.Green chemistry is a relatively new concept in the chemistry,which introduced alternative
solvents in the synthesis. The type of alternative solvent which was used for the synthesis of
coumarin-3-carboxylic acid derivatives was a deep eutectic solvent composed of two
components, choline chloride and lactic acid, namely. Mechanochemical synthesis was also
used for the synthesis of coumarin-3-carboxylic acid derivatives. Mechanochemical synthesis
is based on the use of mechanical force which stimulates chemical reactions between reactants
and it was carried out using a ball mill, with acetic acid as a catalyst
HYBRIDIZATION OF GREY AND BLACK CROW IN EUROPE
No full textSiva vrana (Corvus corone cornix L.) i crna vrana (Corvus corone corone L.) su ptice iz porodice
vrana koje su mnogobrojne na području Europe, Sj. Amerike i Azije. Cilj završnog rada je istraživanje,
razmatranje i utvrđivanje veličine i granice područja hibridizacije ovih dviju vrsta u Europi te pokušati odrediti
i utvrditi koji biotički ili abiotički čimbenici su odgovorni za razvijanje (nastajanje) hibrida na ograničenom
području središnje Europe. Pregledom literature utvrđeno je da jedini geni koji se značajno razlikuju između
dviju varijanti su oni koji su uključeni u određivanje boje perja. To sugerira da se svaki oblik preferira u
partnerstvu s partnerima iste boje kao i oni sami.Hooded crow (Corvus corone cornix L.), and carrion crow (Corvus corone corone L.) are
members of the corvid family that are numerous in Europe, N. America and Asia. The aim of this thesis is
investigate, deliberation and determination of dimensions and boundaries of hybridization between this two
species in Europe, try to define and affirm which biotic or abiotic factors are responsible for developing
(formation) hybrids on restricted domain in middle Europe. A rewiev of literature found that the only genes
that differ significantly between the two variants are those involved in determination of the color of the
feathers. This suggests that each form prefers in partnership with partners of the same color as themselves
THE EFFECT OF PESTICIDES ON BIOFILM ACTIVITY IN SOIL
No full textU današnje vrijeme sve intenzivnije tretiranje zemlje
pesticidima dovelo je do stvaranja brojnih ekoloških problema. Sve veća prisutnost polutanata
u tlu dovodi do promjene njegovog sastava i kvalitete. Biofilmovi igraju važnu ulogu u
održavanju tla, a učinci pesticida na njihovu metaboličku aktivnost ostaju slabo istraženi. Ovaj
rad pokušava proučiti i objasniti učinke pesticida propikonazola i klorantraniliprola na
mikrobne zajednice u močvarnom glejnom tlu prije i nakon suše.Nowadays, intensive treatment of soil with pesticides is leading to numerous
ecological problems. The ever increasing presence of pollutants in soil is inducing a change in
it's composition and quality. Biofilms play an important role in maintaining soil fertility and
effects of pesticides on microbial activity remain poorly researched. This thesis tries to study
and explain effects of propiconazole and chlorantraniliprole on microbial communities in
wetland gleyic soil before and after drought
The Optimisation of the Computer Image Analysis Method for Evaluating the Quality of Bread with Added Acorn Flour
No full textOvaj diplomski rad usmjeren je na razvoj i verifikaciju automatiziranog postupka računalne analize slike za procjenu kvalitete kruha s dodatkom brašna od žira (Quercus rotundifolia). U istraživanju su analizirani različiti algoritmi segmentacije slike kako bi se odredili ključni parametri strukture kruha, uključujući broj šupljina, prosječnu veličinu šupljina i poroznost. Algoritmi kao što su Default, IsoData, Li, Moments i Otsu pokazali su se najprikladnijima za analizu, pružajući konzistentne rezultate, dok se IsoData algoritam posebno istaknuo kao najuspješniji zbog svoje stabilnosti i pouzdanosti. Nasuprot tome, algoritmi poput MinError, MaxEntropy, Yen i Triangle pokazali su manju učinkovitost zbog varijacija u rezultatima i nerealne filtracije, osobito kod uzoraka s kompleksnom strukturom. Istraživanje je pokazalo da veći udio brašna od žira povećava broj šupljina, prosječnu veličinu šupljina i poroznost kruha, pri čemu uzorci s 100% brašna imaju najvišu vrijednost ovih parametara. Povećanje udjela vode iznad 100% smanjilo je broj šupljina, ali je povećalo prosječnu veličinu šupljina i poroznost kod uzoraka s brašnom od žira. U uzorcima bez žira, udio vode nije imao značajan utjecaj, što ukazuje na ključnu ulogu brašna od žira u formiranju strukture kruha.This thesis deals with the development and verification of an automated image analysis method for the evaluation of the quality of bread with the addition of acorn flour (Quercus rotundifolia). In the study, different image segmentation algorithms were analysed to determine important structural parameters of the bread, including the number of voids, average void size and porosity. Algorithms such as Default, IsoData, Li, Moments and Otsu were found to be the most suitable for the analysis and provided consistent results, with the IsoData algorithm standing out as the most successful due to its stability and reliability. In contrast, algorithms such as MinError, MaxEntropy, Yen and Triangle were less effective due to fluctuations in results and unrealistic filtering, especially for samples with complex structure. The study showed that a higher proportion of acorn flour increased the number of voids, the average void size and the porosity of the bread, with samples containing 100% acorn flour having the highest values for these parameters. Increasing the water content above 100% reduced the number of voids but increased the average void size and porosity in samples with acorn flour. In samples without acorn flour, the water content had no significant effect, emphasising the key role of acorn flour in shaping the bread structure
EFFECTS OF NANOPARTICLE SIZE IRON OXIDES ON REPRODUCTION AND BIOCHEMICAL MARKERS IN Enchytraeus crypticus AND Enchytraeus albidus (OLIGOCHAETA) SPECIES
No full textNanočestice mogu potaknuti stvaranje slobodnih radikala i inducirati oksidativni stres te tako poremetiti
antioksidativni obrambeni sustav organizama. Nanočestice željezovog oksida primjenjuju se u remedijaciji
onečišćenog okoliša i medicini zbog svojih superparamagnetskih svojstava. Primjena različitih vrsta
nanočestica je sve veća te se zbog toga očekuje njihova veća prisutnost i u okolišu. Zbog toga je važno istražiti
mogući negativni utjecaj takvih čestica na različite organizme u okolišu. Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je analizirati
utjecaj željezovih oksida nano veličine čestica (Fe2O3 (20-40 nm), Fe2O3 (bulk), Fe3O4 (50-100 nm) i Fe3O4
(<5 µm, bulk)) na reprodukciju vrsta Enchytraeus crypticus i Enchytraeus albidus te njihov utjecaj na aktivnost
biokemijskih markera glutation-S-transferaze (GST), karboksilesteraze (CES) i reaktivnih supstanci
tiobarbiturne kiseline (TBARS) kod Enchytraeus albidus. Rezultati istraživanja pokazuju da je E. albidus
osjetljivija vrsta od E. crypticus pri izlaganju nano veličine čestica željezovog oksida. Sve čestice imale su
inhibitorni učinak na reproduktivni uspjeh E. crypticus, a čestice (Fe2O3 (20-40 nm), Fe3O4 (50-100 nm) i
Fe3O4 (<5 µm) na E. albidus. Također, sve čestice uzrokovale su mortalitet odraslih jedinki E. albidus.
Promjenu aktivnosti GST uzrokovale su čestice Fe2O3 (20-40 nm) i Fe3O4 (<5 µm) dok su samo čestice Fe3O4
(<5 µm) uzrokovale povećanje lipidne peroksidacije.Nanoparticles can stimulate the production of free radicals and induce oxidative stress, thus disrupting the
antioxidant defense system of organisms. Iron oxide nanoparticles are used in environment and medicine due
to their superparamagnetic properties. The use of different types of nanoparticles is increasing and so their
greater presence in the environment is expected. It is therefore important to investigate the possible negative
impact of such particles on various organisms in the environment. The aim of this study was to analyze the
influence of nanoparticle size iron oxides (Fe2O3 (20-40 nm), Fe2O3 (bulk), Fe3O4 (50-100 nm) and Fe3O4 (<5
µm, bulk)) on the reproduction of Enchytraeus crypticus and Enchytraeus albidus species and their effect on
the activity of biochemical markers glutathione-S-transferase (GST), carboxylesterase (CES) and
thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) in Enchytraeus albidus. The results of the study show that E.
albidus is a more sensitive species than E. crypticus when exposed to nano-sized iron oxide particles. All
particles had an inhibitory effect on the reproductive success of E. crypticus, while particles (Fe2O3 (20-40
nm), Fe2O3 (bulk), Fe3O4 (50-100 nm) had same effect on E. albidus. In addition, all particles caused mortality
in adult E. albidus individuals. The change in GST activity was caused by Fe2O3 particles (20-40 nm) and
Fe3O4 (<5 µm) while only Fe3O4 particles (<5 µm) caused an increase in lipid peroxidation
LEUCOCHLORIDIUM SPP. MORPHOLOGY AND SPOROCYST DEVELOPMENT IN SNAIL TENTACLES
No full textLeucochloridium sp. pripada razredu metilja (Trematoda) koji su česti nametnici u dišnom, probavnom,
mokraćnom i krvoţilnom sustavu kraljeţnjaka. Leucochloridium sp. jedan je od najpoznatijih nametnika
zbog karakterističnog ţivotnog ciklusa i neobičnih sporocista pomoću kojih nastoji privući konačnog
domadara. Sporociste koje razvijaju ţivo su obojene, razgranate i sadrţavaju zrele leţne vrećice ispunjene
metacerkarijama. Središnji dio sporociste ima reproduktivnu i trofičku funkciju dok se leţne vrećice smatraju
svojevrsnim uzgojnim komorama. Sporociste mogu biti različitog obojenja, ovisno o vrsti, a pigmentacija se
mijenja pod utjecajem okolišnih čimbenika ili tijekom ontogeneze. Istraţivanja provedena na različitim
kontinentima ukazuju da se obojenja sporocista europskih populacija razlikuju od primjerice jedinki
pronaĎenih u Japanu, premda u anatomskim obljeţjima izmeĎu navedenih populacija nisu uočene razlike.Leucochloridium sp. belongs to the class of flukes (Trematoda) that parasite in the respiratory, digestive,
urinary and vascular systems of vertebrates. Leucochloridium sp. is a well-known parasite due to its
characteristic life cycle and unusual sporocysts with which it seeks to attract its final host. The sporocysts
they develop are vividly stained, branched, and contain mature broodsacs filled with metacercariae. The
central part of the sporocyst has a reproductive and trophic function while broadsacs act as brood chambers.
Sporocysts can have different colours, which is often species-specific, but the colour can change under the
influence of environmental factors or during ontogenesis. Research conducted on different continents
indicated that the sporocysts colouration of European populations differs from individuals found in Japan, but
no differences were observed in the anatomical features between these populations