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Roman Maritime Loan and the Insurance Contract
No full textPomorski zajam (fenus nauticum) važan je institut rimskog prava koji je imao ključnu ulogu u financiranju pomorskih pothvata i raspodjeli rizika među trgovcima. Njegova pravna konstrukcija omogućavala je zajmodavcu preuzimanje rizika gubitka broda i tereta, čime se ovaj institut u određenim aspektima približava ugovoru o osiguranju. Pritom su usurae maritimae, odnosno visoke kamatne stope, predstavljale naknadu za preuzeti rizik, što se može smatrati funkcionalnim ekvivalentom suvremene premije osiguranja. Unatoč tim sličnostima, pomorski zajam ostaje prvenstveno ugovor kreditne naravi, dok se ugovor o osiguranju temelji na sustavnoj disperziji rizika među osigurateljima. Ključna razlika između ovih instituta leži u strukturi ugovornog odnosa: kod pomorskog zajma zajmodavac preuzima rizik, ali istovremeno očekuje visoku dobit, dok u osiguranju osiguratelj preuzima rizik kao dio profesionalne djelatnosti uz obračunatu premiju. Nadalje, plaćanje naknade kod pomorskog osiguranja obavlja se po završetku pothvata, a kod osiguranja unaprijed. Povijesna i pravna analiza ukazuje na to da pomorski zajam, iako nije bio osiguranje u formalnopravnom smislu, predstavlja njegovu preteču u pogledu konceptualnog razvoja instituta raspodjele rizika.The maritime loan (fenus nauticum) was a most significant contractual institution in Roman law, playing a crucial role in financing maritime ventures and distributing risk among commercial actors. Its legal structure allowed the lender to assume the risk of loss of the ship and cargo, thus drawing certain parallels with the insurance contract. The usurae maritimae—high interest rates—served as compensation for the assumed risk, functioning similarly to modern insurance premiums. Despite these similarities, the maritime loan primarily remained a credit agreement, whereas an insurance contract relies on systemic risk distribution among insurers. The fundamental distinction lies in the contractual framework: in a maritime loan, the lender assumes the risk but expects a high return, whereas in an insurance contract, the insurer assumes the risk as part of a professional service in exchange for a calculated premium. Moreover, repayment of the loan is completed after the voyage, and premiums are paid in advance. Historical and legal analysis suggests that while the maritime loan was not insurance in a formal legal sense, it served as a conceptual precursor to risk distribution mechanisms that later evolved into insurance law
Legal Gaps
No full textSažetak:
Ovaj rad bavi se temom pravnih praznina i cilj rada je prikazati osnovne uvide pravne teorije o pravnim prazninama te provjeriti kako su takvi uvidi primjenjivi u praksi. S obzirom da se pravne praznine ne mogu izbjeći i budući da hrvatski pravni sustav počiva na načelu da sudovi ne smiju odbiti odlučivanje (non liquet) čak i kada zakonodavstvo nije jasno ili nije uopće reguliralo određeno pravno relevantno pitanje, može se očekivati da hrvatski suci popunjavaju pravne praznine primjenom nekih od metoda koje navodi teorija. Osim toga, obzirom da je teorija prava detaljno analizirala pravne praznine i načine njihova popunjavanja na temelju uvida o praktičnom rasuđivanju može se zaključiti da bi i sudska praksa mogla koristiti takve uvide u svom rasuđivanju.
Rad je strukturiran na sljedeći način. Najprije će se prikazati teorijski okvir o pravnim prazninama: pojam pravne praznine, uzroci nastanka pravnih praznina, vrste pravnih praznina, popunjavanja pravnih praznina, uloga načela zakonitosti u slučaju pravnih praznina i razlika u shvaćanju pravnih praznina u javnom i privatno pravu. Nakon teorijskog okvira prikazat će se praksa hrvatskih sudova te posebno praksa Ustavnog suda Republike Hrvatske.This paper deals with the topic of legal gaps, and its goal is to present the basic insights of legal theory on legal gaps and to examine how these insights are applicable in practice. Since legal gaps cannot be avoided, and given that the Croatian legal system is based on the principle that courts must not refuse to make decisions (non liquet) even when the legislation is unclear or has not regulated a specific legally relevant issue, it can be expected that Croatian judges fill legal gaps by applying some of the methods identified by legal theory. Furthermore, since legal theory has thoroughly analyzed legal gaps and ways to fill them based on insights into practical reasoning, it can be concluded that judicial practice could also benefit from such insights in its reasoning.
The paper is structured as follows. First, the theoretical framework of legal gaps will be presented: the concept of a legal gap, the causes of the occurrence of legal gaps, types of legal gaps, filling of legal gaps, the role of the principle of legality in the case of legal gaps, and the differences in understanding legal gaps in public and private law. After the theoretical framework, the practice of Croatian courts, particularly the practice of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Croatia, will be presented
Internal Processes of Experts in Decision-Making
No full textDonošenje odluka jedna je od najbitnijih profesionalnih aktivnosti socijalnog rada posebno ako se radi o socijalnom radu s djecom. Ovaj rad prikazuje različite aspekte odlučivanja te je podijeljen na dva dijela, kognitivne i emocionalne procese odlučivanja. U dijelu rada o kognitivnim procesima obrađuje se procjenjivanje koje je temelj za donošenje svake odluke socijalnog radnika. Objašnjena su dva osnovna pristupa odlučivanja formalni i naturalistički te se opisuju različite poteškoće s kojima se stručnjaci susreću prilikom donošenja odluka. Na samom kraju poglavlja definiraju se analitičko i intuitivno zaključivanje. Za socijalnog radnika bitno je da koristi oba pristupa, analitički pomoću kojeg dobije precizne i jasne zaključke te intuitivni kako bi korištenjem prijašnjeg iskustva i osjećaja došao do određenog zaključka. S obzirom da je emocije nemoguće ukloniti iz procesa donošenja odluka drugi dio rada odnosi se na emocionalne procese. U ovom dijelu opisuje se socijalni rad kao emocionalni rad jer ponašanje socijalnog radnika u određenoj situaciji mora odgovarati onome što korisnik očekuje kao odgovarajuću reakciju. Kako bi se ovo postiglo stručnjaci moraju razvijati svoju emocionalnu inteligenciju odnosno sposobnost da upravljaju vlastitim emocijama. Neke od negativnih posljedica emocionalne uključenosti socijalnog radnika su profesionalno sagorijevanje, sekundarna traumatizacija i vikarijska trauma. S obzirom na rezultate istraživanja koji pokazuju visoku razinu profesionalnog sagorijevanja socijalnih radnika potrebno je provoditi različite oblike stručne pomoći kako bi se spriječile negativne posljedice emocionalne uključenosti, a samim time poboljšao proces donošenja odluka.Decision-making is one of the most important professional activities in social work, particularly in the context of working with children. This paper explores various aspects of decision-making, divided into two parts: cognitive and emotional decision-making processes. The section on cognitive processes discusses assessment, which serves as the foundation for every decision made by a social worker. The two primary decision-making approaches—formal and naturalistic—are explained, along with the various challenges professionals face when making decisions. At the end of the chapter, analytical and intuitive reasoning are defined. A social worker should utilize both approaches: analytical reasoning to arrive at precise and clear conclusions, and intuitive reasoning to draw conclusions based on prior experience and feelings. Since it is impossible to eliminate emotions from the decision-making process, the second part of the paper focuses on emotional processes. Here, social work is described as emotional labor because a social worker’s behavior in a given situation must align with the expectations of the client regarding an appropriate response. To achieve this, professionals must develop their emotional intelligence, particularly the ability to manage their own emotions. Some of the negative consequences of emotional involvement in social work include professional burnout, secondary traumatization, and vicarious trauma. Research findings indicate a high prevalence of professional burnout among social workers, underscoring the need to implement various forms of professional support to mitigate the negative effects of emotional involvement. By doing so, the decision-making process can be improved
Local elections in the City of Zagreb
No full textKroz ovaj rad pažnju ću posvetiti promjenama u pravnom uređenju vezanima za lokalne izbore u Gradu Zagrebu, te ću proći nekoliko bitnih promjena u samom procesu održavanja izbora. Od početnih lokalnih izbora na kojima smo imali mješoviti razmjerno-većinski sustav s kandidacijskim listama i izborima po izbornim jedinicama, preko toga da imamo samo razmjerni sustav s jednom zbirnom kandidacijskom listom do toga da neposredno, odnosno izravno biramo gradonačelnika Grada Zagreba, imenom i prezimenom.
Rad će pregledno na jednom mjestu obuhvatiti rezultate svih lokalnih izbora u Gradu Zagreb, odnose u skupštini grada kroz povijest te pod kojim uvjetima i na koje se načine mijenjala vlast.
Izbori u Gradu Zagrebu u ovome radu podijeljeni su u 3 faze.
Prva faza obuhvaća prvu polovicu devedesetih godina, kada imamo dvostruke izbore na lokalnoj razini. U toj fazi predstavnike u lokalnim predstavničkim tijelima biramo putem jedne zajedničke liste unutar cijele jedinice lokalne samouprave i putem malih izbornih jedinica unutar kojih imamo prebivalište. Druga faza ukida male izborne jedinice te tada glasamo za lokalno predstavničko tijelo isključivo na jednoj listi za cijelu jedinicu lokalne samouprave. I konačno, treća faza, počinje s izborima 2009. kada se uvodi novina u hrvatsku lokalnu samoupravu, biranje izvršnih lokalnih čelnika neposrednim, odnosno izravnim putem na izborima.
Nada je da će ovaj rad potaknuti ljude da se obrazuju i informiraju o lokalnim izborima, da iskoriste mogućnost izlaska na izbore i kao kandidati, i kao birači, te da prate i aktivno sudjeluju u lokalnoj zajednici.Through this thesis, I will focus on changes in the legal regulations related to local elections in the City of Zagreb, and I will go through several important changes in the election process itself. From the initial local elections where we had a mixed proportional-majority system with candidate lists and elections by electoral districts, through having only a proportional system with a single cumulative candidate list, to directly electing the mayor of the City of Zagreb by name and surname
The thesis will clearly include the results of all local elections in the City of Zagreb, relations in the city assembly throughout history, and under what conditions and in what ways the local government has changed.
Local elections in the City of Zagreb in this paper are divided into 3 phases.
The first phase covers the first half of the 1990s, when we have dual elections at the local level. In this phase, representatives in local representative bodies are elected through a single joint list within the entire local self-government unit and through small electoral districts within which we reside. The second phase abolishes small electoral districts, and then we vote for the local representative body exclusively on a single list for the entire local self-government unit.
And finally, the third phase begins with the 2009 elections, when a novelty in Croatian local self-government is introduced: electing executive local leaders directly through elections.
The hope is that this paper will encourage people to educate themselves and inform themselves about local elections, to use the opportunity to participate in elections as candidates and as voters, and to follow and actively participate in the local community
Responsibility of a State for Genocide with Special Focus on the Judgment of the International Court of Justice in the Case Bosnia and Herzegovina v. Serbia
No full textU ovom radu se obrađuje tema genocida koji se promatra kao međunarodni zločin i kao međunarodno protupravni čin. U radu se tako analizira najvažniji dokument koji se odnosi na zabranu genocida, a to je Konvencija o sprječavanju i kažnjavanju zločina genocida iz 1948., donesena pod okriljem Ujedinjenih Naroda. Uspoređuju se pojam genocida kao međunarodni zločin za koji može odgovarati fizička osoba, i pojam genocida kao međunarodno protupravni čin za koji je predviđena odgovornost države. U radu se analiziraju elementi genocida: načini počinjenja (actus reus) kao objektivni element, i genocidna namjera (dolus specialis) kao subjektivni element. Posebna pažnja posvećena je zabrani genocida kao jus cogens pravilu međunarodnog prava i erga omnes međunarodnoj obvezi. Za potrebe prikazivanja teorije u praksi, analizirana je najvažnija presuda Međunarodnog suda za pitanje utvrđivanja odgovornosti države za genocid, presuda u slučaju Bosne i Hercegovine (u tekstu: BIH) protiv Srbije.This paper addresses the topic of genocide as an international crime and genocide as an internationally wrongful act. The paper thus analyzes the most important international legal instrument, which contains the prohibition of genocide, the 1948 Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide, adopted within the auspices of the United Nations. The author compares genocide as a crime under international law, for which a natural person can be held accountable, and genocide as an internationally wrongful act, for which a state can be internationally responsible. The paper also analyzes the elements of genocide: modes of the commission of genocide (actus reus), as the objective element, and the genocidal intent (dolus specialis), a the subjective element. Special attention is given to the prohibition of genocide as a jus cogens rule of international law and an erga omnes obligation under international law. In order to illustrate how the theoretical issues are implememted in practice, the paper examines the landmark judgment adopted by the International Court of Justice relevant to the issues of the responsibility of a state for genocide in the case of Bosnia and Herzegovina v. Serbia
Effectiveness of anti-money laundering policies in developing countries
No full textOvaj rad analizira učinkovitost politika protiv pranja novca u državama u razvoju, s fokusom na Hrvatsku, Brazil i Nigeriju. Kroz pregled zakonskih okvira, institucionalnih kapaciteta i međunarodne suradnje, istražuje izazove i mogućnosti u borbi protiv financijskog kriminala. Posebna pažnja posvećena je ulozi međunarodnih organizacija poput FATF-a, MONEYVAL-a i Egmont Grupe, kao i primjeni suvremenih tehnologija (AI, blockchain) u detekciji sumnjivih transakcija. Studije slučaja, poput „Operacije Lava Jato“ u Brazilu, ilustriraju kako politička volja i pravosudni kapaciteti utječu na provedbu mjera. Zaključuje se da je učinkovita borba protiv pranja novca moguća samo kroz jačanje institucija, međunarodnu suradnju i primjenu naprednih tehnologija.This paper analyzes the effectiveness of anti-money laundering policies in developing countries, with a focus on Croatia, Brazil and Nigeria. Through an overview of legal frameworks, institutional capacities and international cooperation, it explores challenges and opportunities in the fight against financial crime. Special attention is paid to the role of international organizations such as FATF, MONEYVAL and Egmont Group, as well as the application of modern technologies (AI, blockchain) in the detection of suspicious transactions. Case studies, such as "Operation Lava Jato" in Brazil, illustrate how political will and judicial capacity influence the implementation of measures. It is concluded that an effective fight against money laundering is possible only through the strengthening of institutions, international cooperation and the application of advanced technologies
Non-contentious procedure for issuing a decision on the health of a ward
No full textCilj rada je analizirati izvanparnični postupak donošenja rješenja radi zaštite zdravlja štićenika uvedenog Obiteljskim zakonom iz 2014. odnosno 2015. godine kroz prikaz njegovog normativnog uređenja i prvog takvog rješenja u praksi hrvatskog sudovanja. Kako je temeljni subjekt postupka osoba s invaliditetom, druga dionica rada sadrži osnovne crte Konvencije o pravima osoba s invaliditetom, glavnog ugovora s područja njihove međunarodne zaštite čija je potpisnica i Republika Hrvatska. U trećoj dionici rada opisana je Europska konvencija za zaštitu ljudskih prava i temeljnih sloboda s naglaskom na prikaz nekoliko slučajeva kršenja članaka 6. i 8. važnih za procesni položaj osoba lišenih poslovne sposobnosti. U četvrtoj dionici istaknute su nacionalne odrednice zaštite prava osoba s invaliditetom kroz lišenje poslovne sposobnosti i skrbništvo. Nadovezujući se na lišenje poslovne sposobnosti, u petoj dionici opisana je procesna sposobnost tih osoba u sudskom postupku. Izvanparnični postupak radi donošenja rješenja o zdravlju štićenika analiziran je detaljno u šestom dijelu slijedeći normativne odrednice. U svrhu poboljšanja položaja osoba s invaliditetom, osim navedenog postupka Obiteljskim zakonom definirana su stanja o kojima štićenik odlučuje sam te Zakon sadrži i rješenja o anticipiranim naredbama. Uz to, u šestoj dionici rada raspravljaju se osnovna pitanja prvostupanjskog izvanparničnog postupka te odgovarajuća primjena novog Zakona o izvanparničnom postupku. Potom slijedi dio o pravnim lijekovima protiv rješenja o zdravlju štićenika, a u sedmoj dionici rada analizira se predmet iz prakse, rješenje kojim je odlučeno o sterilizaciji štićenice.The aim of the paper is to analyse the non-contentious procedure for the protection of the health of a ward introduced by the Family Act of 2014 and 2015, through an overview of its normative regulation and the first such decision in the practice of Croatian courts. As the main subject of the proceedings is a person with disabilities, the second part of the paper contains the basic features of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, the main treaty in the field of their international protection, which the Republic of Croatia has also signed. In the third part of the paper, the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms is described, with an emphasis on the presentation of several cases of violation of Articles 6 and 8, important for the procedural position of persons deprived of legal capacity. The fourth part highlights the national regulations for the protection of the rights of persons with disabilities by depriving them of legal capacity and guardianship. In the light of the deprivation of legal capacity, the fifth part describes the procedural capacity of these persons in court proceedings. The non-contentious procedure for issuing decisions about the health of a ward is analysed in detail in the sixth part, following the normative regulations. In addition to the above procedure, in order to improve the position of persons with disabilities the Family Act regulates situations in which the ward decides on their own, and the Act contains regulations on advance directives. Furthermore, the sixth part of the paper discusses the basic issues of first-instance non-contentious proceedings and the appropriate application of the new Non-Contentious Procedure Act. Then follows a part on legal remedies against decisions on the health of a ward, and the seventh part of the paper analyses a case from practice, a decision on the sterilisation of a ward
Application of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union according to the Report of the European Commission
No full textRad analizira izvješće Europske komisije o primjeni Povelje Europske unije o temeljnim pravima, koje se bavi djelotvornom sudskom zaštitom i pristupu pravosuđu. Povelja, kao pravno obvezujući akt, kodificira temeljna prava i predstavlja temeljni pravni instrument za njihovu zaštitu unutar Unije. Upravo članak 47. Povelje, kojim se jamči pravo na učinkovit pravni lijek, osigurava pravnim subjektima zaštitu njihovih prava pred Sudom Europske unije ili nacionalnim sudovima, čime se postavlja kao važan alat za ostvarivanje potpune primjene Povelje. Za potpun uvid u kompleksnost i značaj ovog dokumenta, rad započinje povijesnim pregledom evolucije zaštite temeljnih prava od početaka europske integracije, kada ta prava nisu bila eksplicitno kodificirana, već su se oblikovala prvenstveno kroz sudsku praksu, pa do Ugovora iz Maastrichta i potom lisabonske reforme više od pola stoljeća nakon prvotnih Osnivačkih ugovora. Ovom je reformom Povelja stekla pravno obvezujući status, uvodeći Uniju u novu fazu integracije sa snažnijim fokusom na zaštitu temeljnih prava. U središnjem dijelu rada iznosi se pregled relevantnog pravnog okvira EU-a i razmatraju mjere poduzete na razini Unije i država članica u svrhu osiguravanja djelotvorne sudske i izvansudske zaštite i pristupa pravosuđu za sve, uz identifikaciju napretka, izazova i nejednakosti u provedbi među državama članicama. Kroz dodatne izvore i publikacije, rad pruža širi uvid u stanje temeljnih prava unutar Unije, ukazuje na glavne prepreke te razmatra potencijalne perspektive primjene Povelje. Osvrt je i na primjeni Povelje u Republici Hrvatskoj, uz kratak pregled stanja, postignuća i preporuka za daljnje poboljšanje. Zaključno, rad ističe važnost kontinuiranog promicanja znanja i svijesti o Povelji kako bi se osigurala dosljedna provedba njenih prava na svim razinama.The paper analyzes the European Commission's report on the application of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union, which addresses effective legal protection and access to justice. The Charter, as a legally binding act, codifies fundamental rights and represents a key legal instrument for their protection within the Union. It is Article 47 of the Charter, guaranteeing the right to an effective remedy, that ensures legal entities the protection of their rights before the Court of Justice of the European Union or national courts, thus establishing itself as an important tool for achieving the full application of the Charter. For a complete understanding of the complexity and significance of this document, the paper begins with a historical overview of the evolution of fundamental rights protection from the beginnings of European integration, when these rights were not explicitly codified, but were primarily shaped through case law, up to the Maastricht Treaty and subsequently the Lisbon Reform more than half a century after the initial Founding Treaties. This reform granted the Charter legally binding status, introducing the Union into a new phase of integration with a stronger focus on the protection of fundamental rights. The central part of the paper provides an overview of the relevant EU legal framework and examines the measures taken at the Union and Member State level to ensure effective judicial and extrajudicial protection and access to justice for all, while identifying progress, challenges, and inequalities in implementation among Member States. Through additional sources and publications, the paper provides a broader insight into the state of fundamental rights within the Union, points out the main obstacles, and considers potential perspectives for the application of the Charter. It also reviews the application of the Charter in the Republic of Croatia, with a brief overview of the situation, achievements, and recommendations for further improvement. In conclusion, the paper emphasizes the importance of continuously promoting knowledge and awareness of the Charter to ensure the consistent implementation of its rights at all levels
Share capital
No full textPravno uređenje trgovačkih društava temelji se na podjeli na društva osoba i društva kapitala, a temeljni kapital ključna je razlika među njima. Ovaj rad istražuje njegov pojam i funkcije kroz dioničko društvo i društvo s ograničenom odgovornošću, s posebnim naglaskom na tri temeljne uloge: relativno jamstvenu, knjigovodstvenu i obračunsku. Relativno jamstvena funkcija temeljnog kapitala je samo znak trećima da je taj iznos jednom bio uplaćen u društvo, ali ne garantira da društvo njime uvijek raspolaže. Zakon, kroz načela unosa i održanja temeljnog kapitala, nastoji očuvati financijsku stabilnost i spriječiti prevelik nerazmjer između imovine i temeljnog kapitala, iako ne može eliminirati rizik lošeg poslovanja. Knjigovodstvena funkcija temelji se na razlici između imovine koja je dinamična i temeljnog kapitala koji je načelno statičan. Temeljni kapital pripada pasivi, dok se imovina bilježi u aktivi, pri čemu društvo za obveze odgovara svojom imovinom, a ne temeljnim kapitalom. Financijska izvješća, posebice bilanca te račun dobiti i gubitka, daju dublji uvid u strukturu i poslovanje društva te su ključna u procjeni njegove stabilnosti. Obračunska funkcija temeljnog kapitala očituje se kroz dionice kod dioničkih društava i poslovne udjele kod društava s ograničenom odgovornošću. Dok su pravila o dionicama strože propisana zakonom, kod poslovnih udjela postoji veća fleksibilnost u definiranju prava i obveza koje iz njih proizlaze. U oba slučaja, zbroj svih dionica odnosno poslovnih udjela mora odgovarati ukupnom temeljnom kapitalu društva.The legal framework of commercial companies is based on the division between partnerships and capital companies, with share capital being the key distinction between them. This work explores the concept and functions of share capital through joint-stock companies and limited liability companies, with a special focus on its three fundamental roles: the relative guarantee, accounting, and calculation. The relative guarantee function of share capital just signals to third parties that a certain amount was once paid into the company but does not guarantee that the company still possesses it. Through the principles of capital contribution and capital maintenance, the law seeks to preserve financial stability and prevent a significant imbalance between assets and share capital, although it cannot eliminate the risk of poor business performance. The accounting function is based on the distinction between assets, which are dynamic, and share capital, which is generally static. Share capital belongs to the passive side, while assets are recorded under the active side of balance sheet, whereby the company is liable for its obligations with its assets, not its share capital. Financial statements, particularly the balance sheet and the profit and loss account, offer deeper insights into the company's structure and operations and are crucial for assessing its stability. The calculation function of share capital is reflected in shares for joint-stock companies and membership interests for limited liability companies. While the rules governing shares are more strictly regulated by law, membership interests allow for greater flexibility in defining the rights and obligations arising from them. In both cases, the total sum of all shares or membership interests must correspond to the company's total share capital
Education of National Minorities in the Republic of Croatia
No full textTema ovog rada je obrazovni sustav nacionalnih manjina u Republici Hrvatskoj, a koji je organiziran u tri modela: Model A, Model B i Model C. U početku rada prikazuje se kratak povijesni pregled obrazovanja odabranih nacionalnih manjina. Nakon toga, razrađuje se pravni okvir relevantan uz prava i zaštitu nacionalnih manjina u području obrazovanja. Detaljnije su opisani modeli organiziranja nastave, kao i odgojno-obrazovni program za Rome. Osim navedenog, detaljnije se obrađuje i romska nacionalna manjina i specifičnosti koje su uz njih vezane povodom obrazovanja, uz poseban osvrt na Ustavnu tužbu koju je podnijelo četrnaest podnositelja romske nacionalne manjine, kao i dvije presude Europskog suda za ljudska prava. Zaključno, statistički je prikazano trenutno stanje u području obrazovanja nacionalnih manjina u Republici Hrvatskoj.The topic of this paper is educational system of national minorities in Republic of Croatia, which is organised in three models: Model A, Model B and Model C. At the beginning of the paper, a brief historical overview of the education of selected national minorities is presented. After that, the legal framework relevant to rights and protection of education of national minorities is elaborated. Models of teaching organization are described in more detail, as well as the educational program for Roma. Furthermore, the Roma national minority and the specifics related to them regarding education are dealt with in more detail, with particulary review of the Constitutional complaint filed by fourteen applicants from the Roma national minorty, as well as two judgements of the European Court of Human Rights. In conclusion, the current situation in the field of education of national minorities in the Republic of Croatia is presented statistically