Repository of the University of Rijeka, Faculty of Medicine
Not a member yet
7184 research outputs found
Sort by
Bullying as a public health problem
No full textKako bismo zaustavili nasilje među djecom, moramo prepoznati i procijeniti problem, razgovarati o njemu, educirati i obučiti i aktere procesa i one koji im pomažu da ga riješe te stvoriti klimu nulte tolerancije na vršnjačko nasilje u društvu osiguravajući pritom i obeštećenje žrtve kao i adekvatnu kaznu za počinitelja. Zlostavljanje je sveprisutan problem koji negativno utječe i na nasilnika i na žrtvu. Uz multidisciplinarni tim koji se uključuje u rješavanje problema svakako moraju biti uključeni i obitelj nasilnika i žrtve.In order to stop violence among children, we must recognize and assess the problem, talk about it, educate and train both the actors of the process and those who help them to solve it, and create a climate of zero tolerance for peer violence in society, ensuring compensation for the victim as well as adequate punishment for the abuser. Abuse is a pervasive problem that negatively affects both the abuser and the victim. In addition to the multidisciplinary team involved in solving the problem, the family of the abuser and the victim must also be involved
Molecular Biology of Neuroblastoma: Innovative Approaches to Diagnosis and Therapy
No full textOvaj pregledni rad detaljno razmatra složene molekularne mehanizme nastanka i progresije neuroblastoma, s posebnim naglaskom na inovativne pristupe dijagnozi i liječenju. Analizirane su ključne molekularne promjene uključujući održavanje telomera i mutacije u signalnim putevima RAS i p53, koje su kritične za određivanje kliničkog fenotipa i ishoda bolesti. Jedan od najvažnijih nalaza je važnost održavanja telomera za preživljavanje tumorskih stanica. Tumori s aktivacijom telomeraze ili alternativnim putem produženja telomera (ALT) pokazuju agresivniji klinički tijek i lošiju prognozu. Inovativne dijagnostičke metode, kao što su analiza ekspresije TERT i statusa MYCN te MIBG metoda snimanja, omogućuju preciznu stratifikaciju pacijenata u skupine rizika. Ove metode povećavaju dijagnostičku točnost i pomažu u personaliziranom terapijskom pristupu, čime pozitivno utječu naučinkovitost liječenja i smanjenje nuspojave. U kombinaciji s inhibitorima signalnih puteva, kao što su ALK inhibitori, moguće je značajno poboljšati ishode liječenja. Razvoj imunoterapija koje ciljaju specifične molekularne promjene u tumorskom mikrookolišu, poput CD24, otvara nove mogućnosti za terapiju. Ove nove spoznaje omogućuju razvoj kombiniranih terapija koje ciljaju više onkogenih puteva istovremeno. Personalizirana medicina predstavlja ključni korak u terapiji neuroblastoma.This review paper provides a detailed examination of the complex molecular mechanisms contributing to the development and progression of neuroblastoma, with a particular emphasis on innovative approaches to diagnosis and treatment. Key molecular changes are analyzed, including telomere maintenance and mutations in the RAS and p53 signaling pathways, which are critical for determining the clinical phenotype and disease outcome. One of the most significant findings is the importance of telomere maintenance for tumor cell survival. Tumors with telomerase activation or the alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT) pathway exhibit a more aggressive clinical course and poorer prognosis. Innovative diagnostic methods, such as TERT expression analysis and MYCN status, along with MIBG imaging, enable precise patient stratification into risk groups. These methods not only increase diagnostic accuracy but also aid in personalized therapeutic approaches, thereby enhancing treatment efficacy and reducing side effects. In combination with signaling pathway inhibitors, such as ALK inhibitors already in clinical trials, it is possible to significantly improve treatment outcomes. The development of immunotherapies targeting specific molecular changes in the tumor microenvironment, such as CD24, opens new therapeutic possibilities. These new insights allow for the development of combined therapies that target multiple oncogenic pathways simultaneously. Personalized medicine represents a key step in the therapy of neuroblastoma
The role of GAP43 protein in neuro-recovery after degenerative and traumatic nerve tissue damage
No full textGAP43 je protein uključen u neurorazvoj, neuroplastičnost i neurooporavak središnjeg živčanog sustava te ima veliku ulogu u sinaptogenezi odgovornoj za učenje i pamćenje. Gen za GAP43 nalazi se na trećem kromosomu, a protein se sintetizira u tijelu neurona odakle se vezikulama transportira do svoje funkcionalne lokacije na konusima rasta i presinaptičkim završecima gdje se pričvršćuje uz membranu pomoću palmitinske kiseline. Fosforilirani GAP43 ispunjava svoju ulogu u rastu aksona i usmjeravanju konusa rasta tako što utječe na dinamiku aktinskih filamenata i time na oblikovanje membrana koje stvaraju sinaptičke veze. GAP43 također ostvaruje svoju ulogu modulirajući dostupnost fosfatidilinozitol 4,5-bisfosfata (PIP2) u plazma membrani i omogućavajući signalne putove ključne za stanično funkcioniranje.
Na razinu ekspresije GAP43 utječu različita patološka stanja. Ekspresija GAP43 je povećana nakon traumatske ozljede mozga, što ukazuje na moguću ulogu u neurooporavku. GAP43 je također uključen u različita neurodegenerativna stanja, kao što su Alzheimerova bolest i Parkinsonova bolest. U Azheimerovoj bolesti disregulacija i nakupljanje nefunkcionalnog GAP43 može doprinijeti temeljnim patofiziološkim procesima, dok s druge strane smanjena razina funkcionalnog GAP43 može pogoršati zdravstveno stanje bolesnika. Smanjena koncentracija funkcionalnog GAP43 također doprinosi patogenezi Parkinsonove bolesti zbog pojačanog stvaranja glijalnog ožiljka i naglašene patološke destrukcije stanica koje su dio nigrostrijatalnog puta.GAP43 is a protein involved in neurodevelopment, neuroplasticity and neurorecovery of the central nervous system. It plays a significant role in synaptogenesis and is, therefore, responsible for learning and memory. The gene for GAP43 is located on the third chromosome, and the protein is synthesized in the body of the neuron, from where it is transported by vesicles to its functional location on growth cones and presynaptic terminals. The GAP43 protein is attached to the membrane by palmitic acid. Phosphorylated GAP43 fulfils its role in axon growth and growth cone guidance by influencing the dynamics of actin filaments and, thus, the patterning of the membrane that forms synaptic connections. GAP43 also exerts its role by modulating the availability of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) at the plasma membrane and provides the signalling pathways crucial for cellular functioning.
The expression level of GAP43 is affected by various pathological conditions. GAP43 expression is increased after traumatic brain injury, suggesting a possible role in neurorecovery. GAP43 is also involved in various neurodegenerative conditions, such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. In Alzheimer's disease, dysregulation and accumulation of non-functional GAP43 may contribute to the underlying pathophysiological processes. On the other hand, a reduced level of functional GAP43 may worsen the patient's health condition. Decreased concentration of functional GAP43 also contributes to the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease due to the enhanced creation of glial scars and increased pathological destruction of cells that are part of the nigrostriatal pathway
Ultrasound versus x-rays in diagnostics of pulmonary pathology in intensive care unit patients
No full textOvaj rad, pregledom literature istražio je i usporedio učinkovitost ultrazvuka pluća (LUS) s klasičnom radiografijom (RTG) u dijagnostici plućnih patologija s naglaskom na pleuralni izljev, atelektazu i konsolidacije u bolesnika jedinica intenzivnog liječenja (JIL). Cilj je bio procijeniti dijagnostičku točnost, praktičnost i time utjecaj na kliničke ishode ova dva slikovna modaliteta.
Konvencionalni rendgenski snimak prsnog koša bio je standardna tehnika snimanja za dijagnosticiranje plućnih stanja u odjelima intenzivne medicine. Međutim, ima ograničenja u osjetljivosti i specifičnosti, posebno za određena stanja poput pleuralnog izljeva, pneumotoraksa i konsolidacije pluća. Ultrazvuk pluća pojavio se kao obećavajuća alternativa, koja nudi nekoliko prednosti u odnosu na RTG, uključujući odsutnost ionizirajućeg zračenja, snimanje u stvarnom vremenu te bolju osjetljivost i specifičnost za ove dijagnoze. Najnovija istraživanja upućuju na pomak prema široj upotrebi ultrazvuka pluća u jedinicama intenzivne medicine, uz uvjet adekvatne edukacije i Rutinska primjena ultrazvuka pluća umjesto RTG-a toraksa u ovim slučajevima pokazuje poboljšanu dijagnostičku točnost, brže donošenje kliničkih odluka i bolji sveukupni ishod za bolesnike liječene u jedinicama intenzivne medicine.This paper, through a review of the literature, investigated and compared the effectiveness of lung ultrasound (LUS) with conventional radiography (RTG) in the diagnosis of lung pathologies with an emphasis on pleural effusion, atelectasis and consolidation in the intensive care unit (ICU). The aim was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy, practicality and temporal impact on clinical outcomes of these two imaging modalities.
Conventional chest X-ray has been the standard imaging technique for the diagnosis of pulmonary conditions in intensive care units. However, it has limitations in sensitivity and specificity, especially for certain conditions such as pleural effusion, pneumothorax, and lung consolidation. Lung ultrasound has emerged as a promising alternative, offering several advantages over X-ray, including the absence of ionizing radiation, real-time imaging, and better sensitivity and specificity for these diagnoses. The latest research points to a shift towards a wider use of lung ultrasound in intensive care units, with the condition of adequate education and routine use of lung ultrasound instead of chest X-ray in these cases shows improved diagnostic accuracy, faster clinical decision-making and better overall outcome for patients treated in the units of intensive care medicine
Sustainable diet of students
No full textSuvremeno društvo danas svjedoči dvostrukoj krizi koja ozbiljno ugrožava budućnost - krizi ljudskog zdravlja i klimatskoj krizi. Promjena prema održivim obrascima prehrane može utjecati pozitivno na oba izazova. Održiva prehrana ima mali utjecaj na okoliš, pridonosi prehrambenoj sigurnosti i zdravom životu sadašnjih i budućih generacija, štiti i poštuje bioraznolikost i ekosustav, kulturološki je prihvatljiva, pristupačna, ekonomski poštena i dostupna, nutritivno bogata, sigurna i zdrava uz optimiranje prirodnih i ljudskih resursa.
Individualni obrasci prehrane često su neodgovarajući i rezultiraju porastom učestalosti pretilosti i kroničnih nezaraznih bolesti, dok istovremeno imaju snažan negativan utjecaj na okoliš doprinoseći klimatskim promjenama. Obrasci prehrane s visokim unosom hrane biljnog podrijetla, niskim unosom životinjskih proteina i prerađene hrane, a u koje se ubrajaju mediteranska, protuupalna i EAT-Lancet Planetary Healthy Diet rezultiraju boljim lipidnim statusom, manjom pojavom pretilosti, a ujedno su dokazano održivi. Za procjenu utjecaja individualne prehrane na okoliš kao markeri se najčešće koriste ugljični, vodeni i ekološki otisak. Pregled literature je pokazao da nema radova koji se bave povezivanjem obrazaca prehrane, utjecaja na okoliš i parametara zdravstvenog statusa među studentskom populacijom pa je za očekivati da ovaj projekt značajno doprinese znanstvenim spoznajama.Modern society today is witnessing a double crisis that seriously threatens the future - a human health crisis and a climate crisis. A change towards sustainable eating patterns can have a positive impact on both challenges. Sustainable nutrition has a low impact on the environment, contributes to food security and a healthy life for current and future generations, protects and respects biodiversity and the ecosystem, is culturally acceptable, affordable, economically fair and available, nutritionally rich, safe and healthy while optimizing natural and human resources.
Individual dietary patterns are often inappropriate and result in an increase in the frequency of obesity and chronic non-communicable diseases, while at the same time they have a strong negative impact on the environment, contributing to climate change. Diet patterns with a high intake of plant-based foods, low intake of animal proteins and processed foods, which include the Mediterranean, anti-inflammatory and EAT-Lancet Planetary Healthy Diet results in better lipid status, less obesity, and are also proven to be sustainable. To assess the impact of individual nutrition on the environment, carbon, water and ecological footprints are most often used as markers. The review of the literature showed that there are no works dealing with the connection of dietary patterns, environmental impact and parameters of health status among the student population, so it is to be expected that this project will contribute significantly to scientific knowledge
Dermatomyositis - clinical presentation and current treatments
No full textDermatomiozitis je sistemska autoimuna bolest koja pripada heterogenoj skupini autoimunih poremećaja koji se nazivaju idiopatske upalne miopatije. Karakterizirana je specifičnim kožnim promjenama, slabošću proksimalnih mišića i različitim sistemskim manifestacijama koje variraju ovisno o dobi pojave bolesti. DM se može javiti u dječjoj dobi, odrasloj dobi te može biti induciran lijekovima. Uzrok i mehanizam nastanka bolesti još uvijek nisu potpuno shvaćeni, iako se prepoznaje niz faktora za koje se vjeruje da igraju ulogu u patogenezi, uključujući genetske, imunološke i okolišne čimbenike. Patognomonične kožne promjene dermatomiozitisa su Gottronove papule, Gottronov znak i heliotropni eritem. Ostale karakteristične promjene obuhvaćaju Shawlov znak, V znak, Holsterov znak, te promjene na noktima i vlasištu. Najčešće je zahvaćena proksimalna muskulatura ramenog i zdjeličnog obruča, dok se u mnogim slučajevima prvo zahvaćaju mišići vrata i trbuha. Sistemske manifestacije bolesti obuhvaćaju opće simptome, zahvaćenost pluća, kardiovaskularnog sustava, zglobova te gastrointestinalnog sustava. Kod odraslih osoba s dermatomiozitisom često se javlja intersticijska bolest pluća i povećan rizik od maligniteta, dok je kod djece s juvenilnim dermatomiozitisom češća pojava kalcifikacija kože i lipodistrofije. Dijagnoza bolesti postavlja se na temelju kliničkih i laboratorijskih kriterija te biopsije mišića. Terapija DM-a je indivdualizirana ovisno o ozbiljnosti kožne bolesti, prisutnosti mišićnih te sistemski simptoma. Važnu u ulogu u terapiji ima fotoprotekcija uz odgovarajuću lokalnu ili sistemsku terapiju.Dermatomyositis is a systemic autoimmune disease that belongs to the heterogeneous group of autoimmune disorders known as idiopathic inflammatory myopathies. It is characterized by specific skin changes, proximal muscle involvement, and various systemic manifestations that vary depending on the age of onset of the disease. DM can occur in childhood, adulthood, and can be drug-induced. The cause and mechanism of the disease are not fully understood, although several factors are believed to play a role in pathogenesis, including genetic, immunological, and environmental factors. Pathognomonic skin changes of dermatomyositis include Gottron's papules, Gottron's sign, and heliotrope erythema. Other characteristic changes include Shawl's sign, V sign, Holster's sign, as well as nail and scalp changes. The most commonly affected muscles are the proximal muscles of the shoulder and pelvic girdle, while in many cases, the muscles of the neck and abdomen are affected first. Systemic manifestations of the disease include general symptoms, lung, cardiovascular, joint, and gastrointestinal involvement. In adults with dermatomyositis, an interstitial lung disease often occurs, along with an increased risk of malignancy, while in children with juvenile dermatomyositis, skin calcifications and lipodystrophy are more common. The diagnosis of the disease is based on clinical and laboratory criteria and muscle biopsy. Treatment of DM is individualized depending on the severity of skin disease, presence of muscle, and systemic symptoms. Photoprotection along with appropriate local or systemic therapy plays an important role in therapy
Synergistic effect of metal ions eluted from orthodontic appliances on the proteome of yeast mitochondria
No full textKvasac Saccharomyces cerevisiae kao modelni organizam često se koristi u nizu temeljnih bioloških istraživanja, prvenstveno zbog jednostavne manipulacije. U ovom je istraživanju korišten soj kvasca Saccharomyces cerevisiae W303 u svrhu proučavanja toksičnosti metalnih iona koji su dobiveni eluiranjem dijelova ortodontske naprave u hranjivu podlogu kao medij. Upotrijebljena je cijela ortodontska naprava koju sačinjavaju dva žičana luka, dvadeset bravica, četiri prstena te dvadeset ligatura, a vrijeme eluiranja bilo je 14 dana. Broj poraslih stanica mjerio se pomoću LUNA-FLTM Dual fluorescence cell counter uređaja, gdje se osim vitalnosti, može pratiti i način rasta stanica. Vijabilnost kvasca određena je AO/PI bojom. U eluatima, ispitan je sadržaj i sastav metalnih iona metodom masene spektrometrije s induktivno spregnutom plazmom. Izolacija mitohondrija, a naposljetku proteina iz mitohondrija korak je koji slijedi nakon uzgoja kvasca na podlogama s eluiranim metalnim ionima. Dobiveni proteini ispitivani su te identificirani vezanim sustavom spektrometra masa visoke rezolucije sa tekućinskom kromatografijom. Metalni ioni koji prevladavaju u podlozi jesu ioni željeza, nikla, bakra, kroma, aluminija te u manjim količinama kobalta, mangana, molibdena te titanija. Ovim istraživanjem analizirano je ukupno 284 proteina, od kojih je 199 proteina pokazalo povećanu ekspresiju u odnosu na netretirani uzorak, dok su 4 proteina pokazala smanjenu ekspresiju. Identificiran je 31 protein koji je eksprimiran samo u tretmanu od 14 dana, dok je 50 proteina koji su eksprimirani samo u kontroli. U ovom radu nismo uspjeli povezati dobivene rezultate proteina promijenjenog izričaja s količinom i vrstama eluiranih metalnih iona u podlogu na kojoj je kvasac uzgajan.The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is frequently used as a model organism in a range of basic biological research, mainly because it is easy to manipulate. In this study, the yeast strain Saccharomyces cerevisiae W303 was used to investigate the toxicity of metal ions obtained by elution of parts of the orthodontic appliance into the culture medium. The entire orthodontic appliance was used, consisting of two wire arches, twenty brackets, four bands and twenty ligatures, and the elution time was 14 days. The number of proliferated cells was measured using the LUNA-FLTM dual fluorescence cell counter, which can be used to monitor the type of cell growth in addition to viability. The vitality of the yeast was determined using AO/PI staining. The content and composition of the metal ions in the eluates was analysed using mass spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma. The isolation of the mitochondria and finally the proteins from the mitochondria is the next step after the growth of the yeast on substrates with eluted metal ions. The proteins obtained were analysed and identified using a high-resolution mass spectrometer in conjunction with liquid chromatography. The predominant metal ions in the substrate are iron, nickel, copper, chromium, aluminium and, in smaller quantities, cobalt, manganese, molybdenum and titanium. A total of 284 proteins were identified in this study, of which 199 proteins showed increased expression compared to the untreated sample, while 4 proteins showed decreased expression. 31 proteins were identified that were only expressed in the eluate of the 14-day treatment, while 50 proteins were only expressed in the control sample. In this work, the results of the metal ions eluted into the yeast medium could not be correlated with the identified and modified mitochondrial proteins isolated after treatment with such a medium
Antioxidant properties of by-products in tomato processing
No full textRajčica (Solanum lycopersicum L.) zauzima važno mjesto u prehrani. Često se koristi svježa, ali i prerađena. Tijekom industrijske prerade rajčica, kao nusprodukt zaostaje velika količina sjemenki koja se uglavnom tretira kao biootpad. Sjemenke rajčica izuzetno su bogate različitim bioaktivnim spojevima kao primjerice likopenom, β-karotenom, polifenolima, askorbinskom kiselinom (vitamin C) te tokoferolima (vitamin E) koji su dobro poznati antioksidansi. Cilj istraživanja bio je ispitati antioksidacijska svojstva sjemenki dviju sorti rajčica „cherry“ i „jabučar“. U istraživanju su korištene rajčice uzgojene na području sjeverozapadne Istre, 2023. godine. Mjerenja su provedena metodom elektronske spinske rezonancije (ESR), uporabom 2,2-difenil-1-pikrilhidrazil (DPPH) radikala. Ova spektroskopska tehnika omogućuje precizno mjerenje koncentracije radikala u uzorku. Ispitan je utjecaj temperature skladištenja sjemenki na antioksidacijsku snagu (AP). Jedan dio sjemenki skladišten je pri sobnoj temperaturi, a drugi u hladnjaku pri +4 °C. Ispitan je i utjecaj zamrzavanja sjemenki pri −18 °C čime se suzbija neželjena pojava insekata. Ekstrakti su pripremljeni mljevenjem sjemenki, a zatim su iz njih ekstrahirane aktivne komponente miješanjem u etanolu tijekom 5 min. Uzorci su potom centrifugirani i izdvojen je tekućinski dio. Etanolnoj otopini DPPH poznate koncentracije dodani su ekstrakti te je mjeren gubitak signala tijekom 30 min. Rezultati su pokazali približno jednaku AP vrijednost obje vrste rajčica prije skladištenja. Tijekom skladištenja pri različitim temperaturama i zamrzavanjem došlo je do značajne promjene antioksidacijske aktivnosti i antioksidacijskog kapaciteta što je utjecalo na promjenu AP vrijednosti. Početne razlike u antioksidacijskoj snazi posljedica su različitog kemijskog sastava sjemenki rajčice jabučara i cherry rajčica. Sjemenke rajčice jabučara obiluju polifenolima, koji su osjetljivi na niske temperature skladištenja zbog čega najveću vrijednost antioksidacijske snage pokazuju upravo sjemenke rajčice jabučara skladištene pri sobnoj temperaturi (24 °C) tijekom 3 mjeseca, za razliku od sjemenki cherry rajčica koje obiluju likopenom i askorbinskom kiselinom na čiji sadržaj pozitivno utječe niža temperatura skladištenja zbog čega sjemenke cherry rajčica skladištene u hladnjaku pri +4 °C prednjače u antioksidacijskog snazi tijekom 6. i 9. mjeseca skladištenja.Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) occupies an important place in the diet. It is often used fresh, but also processed. During the industrial processing of tomatoes, a large amount of seeds are left behind as a byproduct, which are mostly treated as biowaste. Tomato seeds are extremely rich in various bioactive compounds such as lycopene, β-carotene, polyphenols, ascorbic acid (vitamin C) and tocopherols (vitamin E), which are well-known antioxidants. The aim of the research was to examine the antioxidant properties of the seeds of two varieties of tomatoes "cherry" and "apple". Tomatoes grown in the area of northwestern Istria in 2023 were used in the research. The measurements were carried out by the electron spin resonance (ESR) method, using the 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical. This spectroscopic technique enables precise measurement of the concentration of radicals in the sample. The influence of seed storage temperature on AP was examined. One part of the seeds was stored at room temperature, and the other in a refrigerator at +4 °C. The impact of freezing seeds at −18 °C, which suppresses the unwanted appearance of insects, was also tested. The extracts were prepared by grinding the seeds, and then the active components were extracted from them by stirring in ethanol for 5 min. The samples were then centrifuged and the liquid part was separated. Extracts were added to an ethanolic solution of DPPH of known concentration, and signal loss was measured for 30 min. The results showed an approximately equal AP value of both types of tomatoes before storage. During storage at different temperatures and by freezing, there was a significant change in antioxidant activity and antioxidant capacity, which affected the change in AP value. Initial differences in antioxidant power are due to the different chemical composition of apple and cherry tomato seeds. Apple seeds are rich in polyphenols, which are sensitive to low storage temperatures, which is why apple seeds stored at room temperature (24 °C) for 3 months show the highest antioxidant power, unlike cherry tomato seeds, which are rich in lycopene and ascorbic acid, the content of which is positively affected by lower storage temperatures which is why cherry tomato seeds stored in the refrigerator at +4 °C lead in antioxidant power during the 6th and 9th months of storage
Effects of High-Intensity Training on Complete Blood Count, Iron Metabolism, Lipid Profile, Liver, and Kidney Function Tests of Professional Water Polo Players
No full textAIM: Our goal was to examine the effect of high-intensity physical activity on changes in the lipid profile, complete blood count (CBC), iron metabolism, and kidney and liver function tests of professional water polo players. METHODS: This study included twenty professional male water polo players. Blood sampling was carried out at the beginning of the season and during periods of high-intensity training. CBCs were determined with a Siemens Advia 2120i hematology analyzer. A Beckman CoulterAU680 chemistry analyzer was used to determine the serum concentrations/activities of lipid profiles and liver and kidney function test analytes. The lipid athlete scores were also determined. RESULTS: The mean corpuscular volume (p = 0.006), platelet count (p = 0.008), and mean platelet volume (p < 0.001) significantly decreased during the high-intensity period, compared with the beginning of the season. The total iron-binding capacity increased (p = 0.001), and ferritin concentrations significantly declined (p = 0.017). The lipid profiles revealed a significant difference between phases, with slight increases in serum total (p = 0.025) and LDL cholesterol (p = 0.002) levels and a decrease in triglyceride concentrations (p = 0.040) in the high-intensity period. During the high-intensity period, the liver and kidney function tests showed a substantial positive effect on lactate dehydrogenase levels (p < 0.001), aspartate aminotransferase (p = 0.028) serum activity, and total protein concentrations (p = 0.033), compared with the beginning of the season. CONCLUSIONS: Water polo players might exhibit a decrease in some CBC parameters, an increase in LDL cholesterol, and a decrease in liver function biomarkers due to intense training at the peak of the competitive season. Kidney function biomarkers remain unchanged
Usporedba pojavnosti melanoma u kontinentalnoj i priobalnoj Hrvatskoj
No full textMelanom je zločudni tumor koji nastaje malignom preobrazbom melanocita. Na razvoj melanoma utječu okolišni i genetski čimbenici. Postoji 5 vrsta melanoma: površinsko šireći, nodularni,akrolentiginozni, amelanotični, lentigo maligni i desmoplatični melanom. Za prepoznavanje melanom koristi se ABCDE pravilo. Analiza trendova pojavnosti melanoma u kontinentalnoj i priobalnoj Hrvatskoj pokazuje trend porasta, s većim stopama incidencije kod muškaraca. U 2019. godini najveću stopu incidencije od kontinentalnih županija imala je Varaždinska županija, a od priobalnih Splitsko-dalmatinska županija