Repository of the University of Rijeka, Faculty of Medicine
Not a member yet
7184 research outputs found
Sort by
Tehnologija i kontrola kakvoće hrane biljnog podrijetla : priručnik za vježbe
No full textPREDGOVOR
Tehnologija i kontrola kakvoće hrane biljnog podrijetla obvezni je predmet na drugoj
godini Sveučilišnog diplomskog studija sanitarnog inženjerstva, a ovaj je priručnik dio
obvezne ispitne literature za taj predmet.
Cilj predmeta je da student usvoji znanja i vještine potrebne za stručnu komunikaciju o
pitanjima dobre proizvodne i dobre higijenske prakse sa strukama izravno uključenim u
poslovanje s hranom biljnog podrijetla.
Priručnikom je obuhvaćeno 35 sati organizirane vježbovne nastave, od čega 70 % čini
laboratorijski rad (senzorske i fizičko-kemijske analize), a preostalo su pogonske vježbe
(terenska nastava) i vježbe iz analize sadržaja deklaracije proizvoda. Hrana biljnog
podrijetla predstavljena je s nekoliko odabranih primjera proizvoda i njihovih analitičkih
parametara.
Svaka od 12 vježbi u svom uvodnom dijelu sadrži teorijske postavke kojima se studenta
upućuje na karakter analitičkog postupka, značenje informacija koje iz njega proizlaze te
primjenu u praksi. Navođenjem ishoda učenja studenta se usmjerava na ono što treba
imati u fokusu tijekom pripremanja i provođenja vježbe te tijekom pripreme za provjeru
usvojenih znanja i vještina. U tom su kontekstu osmišljeni i zadatci za samostalno
vježbanje i samoprovjeru znanja koji se nalaze na kraju svake vježbe. Rješenja ovih
zadataka nisu navedena u priručniku zbog namjere da student ispravnost svojih
odgovora i načina rješavanja zadataka provjeri u izravnim konzultacijama s nastavnicima.
Olivera Koprivnja
Radikalna prostatektomija s proširenom zdjeličnom limfadenektomijom: utjecaj odvojenog vs. zajedničkog slanja limfnih čvorova na patohistološku analizu
No full textIntroduction: In prostate cancer (PC), it is well established that the wider the
anatomical template of dissection, the higher the number of lymph nodes (LNs) retrieved, and the
higher the nodal yield, the better the detection of metastasis1,2.
Objectives: The objectives of this study were to evaluate if the change in submission methodology
(en bloc vs. separate) had an impact on the number of total LNs identified per patient and the number
of positive LNs found, and to determine the impact of individual pathologists on the number of total
LNs and positive LNs.
Patients and methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of hospital records of patients with
PC in whom radical prostatectomy (RP) with pelvic lymphadenectomy (PLND) was done in the
period from November 2012 to December 2018. We used only a single-surgeon series in order to
avoid performance bias in the lymphadenectomy template. Pathohistological examinations were performed
by our hospital’s two dedicated urogenital pathologists. Patients were divided into high and
intermediate risk groups according to the European Association of Urology (EAU) guidelines, based
on submission methodology of the lymphadenectomy tissue and by the pathologist performing the
examinations. The number of LNs and number of positive LNs acquired were then compared using
the Mann-Whitney test.
Results: Patients who underwent separate submission of lymphadenectomy tissue had a significantly
higher nodal yield, but there was no difference in the number of positive LNs. There was no significant
difference in the total number of LNs acquired and LN metastases detected between our two pathologists
when comparing them by submission technique.
Conclusions: Separate submission of lymphadenectomy tissue resulted in a higher nodal yield, but it
did not translate to a higher number of positive LNs found.UVOD: U raku prostate od ranije je ustanovljeno što su širi anatomski rubovi disekcije limfnih čvorova više limfnih
čvorova je nađeno, a što je veći ukupan broj limfnih čvorova bolje se otkrivaju metastaze u istima.(1,2)
CILJEVI: Ciljevi ove studije bili su istražiti da li promjena u metodi uzorkovanja (u odvojenim spremnicima vs en bloc)
ima utjecaja na ukupan broj limfnih čvorova otkrivenih po pacijentu i na broj otkrivenih pozitivnih limfnih čvorova te koji je
utjecaj pojedinog patologa na ukupan broj limnih čvorova i broj pozitivnih limfnih čvorova.
MATERIJALI I METODE: U ovoj retrospektivnoj analizi koristili smo podatke iz bolničke arhive za sve pacijente
kojima je učinjena radikalna prostatektomija sa zdjeličnom limfadenektomijom u periodu od studenog 2012 do prosinca
2018 u Kliničkom bolničkom centru Rijeka. Koristili smo podatke pacijenata koji su imali istog vodećeg kirurga da bi izbjegli
individualni utjecaj pojedinog kirurga na anatomski opseg limfadenektomije. Dva urogenitalna patologa naše bolnice
su provela sve patohistološke preglede. Pacijenti su bili podijeljeni na bolest visokog i srednjeg rizika prema smjernicama
Europske udruge urologa (EAU), zatim prema metodi uzorkovanja limfadenektomijskog tkiva i prema patologu koji je
proveo patohistološku analizu. Ukupan broj limfnih čvorova i broj pozitivnih limfnih čvorova je zatim uspoređen koristeći
Mann Whitney test.
REZULTATI: Kada se tkivo limfadenektomije uzorkuje u odvojenim spremnicima otkrije se značajno više limfnih čvorova,
ali nema razlike u broju nađenih metastaza u limfnim čvorovima. Kada smo uspoređivali naše patologe, nije bilo značajne
razlike u broju nađenih limfnih čvorova niti u broju otkrivenih metastaza u limfne čvorove kada se uspoređuju prema metodi
uzorkovanja limfadenektomijskog tkiva.
ZAKLJUČAK: Uzorkovanje limfadenektomijskog tkiva u odvojenim spremnicima rezultira većim ukupnim brojem
nađenih limfnih čvorova, ali ne dovodi do većeg broja nađenih metastaza u limfne čvorove
Relationship Between the Use of Fitness Trackers and Smartwatches for Monitoring Physical Activity and the Sociodemographic Characteristics of Long-Term Care Residents During the COVID-19 Lockdown
No full textBackground and Objectives: The use of wearable fitness technology is a trend nowadays and has significant potential in promoting an active lifestyle among long-term care (LTC) residents. The objectives of this observational study were to examine the use of fitness trackers and smartwatches for monitoring physical activity and to analyze the relationship between the use of these technological solutions and the sociodemographic characteristics of LTC residents during the COVID-19 lockdown. Materials and Methods: Face-to-face interviews were conducted with 198 LTC residents stationed in eleven organizational units that provide long-term accommodation services for older adults in the city of Zagreb in Croatia. LTC residents aged 65 and older who receive the 1st level of accommodation services in the social care system according to their functional ability and health status were included in this study. Results: During the COVID-19 lockdown, 19.19% of LTC residents used wearable activity trackers. Gender (p = 0.0411) and education level (p = 0.0485) were recognized as significant sociodemographic predictors regarding the use of fitness trackers and smartwatches for monitoring physical activity. An odds ratio for gender of 0.454 (95% CI: 0.213–0.969) indicates that women have a 54.6% lower chance of using fitness trackers and smartwatches then men. The odds ratio for the education effects of 0.050 (95% CI: 0.003–0.980) demonstrates that there is a 95% lower chance of using fitness trackers and smartwatches for individuals with only elementary education as opposed to university graduates. Conclusions: The sociodemographic differences of LTC residents regarding the use of fitness trackers and smartwatches require further research, but they are also an incentive for the implementation of these technological solutions to protect the health of older adults
TOUCH AND SKIN DISEASES
No full textKoža i osjet dodira najranije se razviju tijekom intrauterinog razvoja, što govori o njihovoj
važnosti i na biološkom i na emocionalnom planu. Koža i mozak povezani su bidirekcional- no.
Poznate su regije mozga, neurotransmitorski i hormonski sustavi povezani s dodirom i prepoznavanjem
emocionalnog značenja dodira. Osjet dodira ima važnu ulogu u komunika- ciji i prenošenju različitih
emocija. Komunikacija dodirom počinje još intrauterino i prvi je oblik komunikacije nakon rođenja.
Kontakt „koža na kožu”, njega djeteta, maženje, zagrljaji i ostali načini stimulacije osjeta dodira
važni su za biološki rast i razvoj, kao i za psiho- loško zdravlje. Dimenzija uloge dodira najviše
se spoznala kroz primjere deprivacije ovog osjeta. Uskrata dodira u najranijoj dobi može
rezultirati zaostajanjem u fizičkom razvoju, zaostajanjem na kognitivnom planu, a može rezultirati
promjenama u ponašanju u smjeru agresivnog ponašanja ili osjećaja srama te može umanjiti izglede za
oporavak od bolesti u djece, napose u institucijama. S deprivacijom osjeta dodira dovodi se u vezu
niz kroničnih bolesti kože, neki funkcionalni i psihosomatski poremećaji te više mentalnih
poremećaja. U ovom radu, kroz prikaz pacijenta koji boluje od psorijaze, nastojat ćemo i na
kliničkome planu prikazati poveznicu između kože i emocija.The skin and the sense of touch are the earliest to develop during intrauterine development,
which speaks of their importance both biologically and emotionally. Skin and brain
are connected bidirectionally. Brain regions, neurotransmitter and hormonal systems associated
with touch and recognition of the emotional meaning of touch, are well known. The
sense of touch plays an important role in communication and conveying different emotions.
Communication through touch begins intrauterine and is the first form of communication
after birth. Skin-to-skin contact, child care, cuddling, hugs and other ways of stimulating
the sense of touch are important for biological growth and development, as well as for psychological
health. The dimension of the role of touch is best understood through examples
of deprivation of this sensation. Deprivation of touch at an early age can result in delayed
physical development and delayed cognitive development, as well as changes in behavior
towards aggressive behavior or feelings of shame, and can reduce the chances of recovery
from illness in children, especially in institutions. A number of chronic skin diseases, some
functional and psychosomatic disorders and several mental disorders are associated with
the deprivation of the sense of touch. In this paper, through the presentation of a patient
suffering from psoriasis, we will attempt to present the link between skin and emotions on
a clinical level
The Use of Liver Support System Devices in Acute Liver Failure as a Consequence of Metastatic Melanoma in the Liver: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
No full textIntroduction: Melanoma often metastasizes to the liver, leading to significant morbidity and mortality. Liver injury can also occur due to hepatitis caused by immunotherapy used in the treatment of melanoma. Case Presentation: This case report presents a 38-year-old male diagnosed with advanced melanoma who experienced acute liver failure (ALF) initially thought to be a side effect of immunotherapy. Despite following aggressive supportive care as per the latest guidelines, the patient’s condition deteriorated rapidly. It was discovered that the patient had liver metastases. As the tumor had a positive BRAF mutation, we opted for invasive treatment with therapeutic plasma exchange to restore liver function and create the conditions for initiating treatment with BRAF/MEK inhibitors. After the use of a liver support device, the liver function was resolved, and a BRAF/MEK inhibitor was introduced. After 2 months of targeted therapy, a favorable effect and good melanoma control are observed. Conclusion: The report underscores the complexity of managing melanoma with liver metastasis and the urgent need for advancements in treatment modalities ALF in oncology patients. We suggest that invasive treatment methods, such as liver support system devices, should be considered in well-selected oncology patients, even in advanced stages of disease
Genital Atrophy after Menopause and Urinary Incontinence
No full textGlavni uzrok urogenitalne atrofije kod žena u menopauzi je gubitak estrogena. Genitourinarni sindrom menopauze uključuje vulvovaginalnu atrofiju i postmenopauzalne promjene donjega urinarnog trakta kao što su učestalost mokrenja, nikturija, žurnost, urinarna inkontinencija i infekcije mokraćnog sustava. Genitourinarni sindrom je kronično stanje sa simptomima koji se s vremenom pogoršavaju kod neliječenih žena. Atrofične promjene vulve, vagine i donjega urinarnog trakta mogu imati veliki utjecaj na kvalitetu života žena u postmenopauzi, a kliničari bi trebali ispravno identificirati obrazac promjena u genitourinarnom sindromu menopauze i liječiti ih na odgovarajući način.The major cause of urogenital atrophy in menopausal women is estrogen loss. The genitourinary syndrome of menopause includes vulvovaginal atrophy and postmenopausal changes of the lower urinary tract such as frequency, nocturia, urgency, urinary incontinence and urinary tract infections. Genitourinary syndrome is a chronic condition with symptoms deteriorating over time in untreated women. Atrophic changes of the vulva, vagina and lower urinary tract can have a large impact on quality of life in postmenopausal women, and clinicians should correctly identify the pattern of changes in genitourinary syndrome of menopause and manage them appropriately
Ethical attitudes and perspectives of AI use in medicine between Croatian and Slovenian faculty members of school of medicine: Cross-sectional study
No full textArtificial intelligence (AI) is present in preclinical, clinical and research work, in various branches of medicine. Researchers and teachers at school of medicines may have different ethical attitudes and perspectives about the implementation of AI systems in medicine. Methods We conducted an online survey among researchers and teachers (RTs) at the departments and institutes of two Slovenian and four Croatian Schools of Medicine. Results The sample included 165 and 214 researchers and teachers in Slovenia and Croatia, respectively. The sample of respondents in Slovenia and Croatia was comparable in demographical characteristics. All participants reported high emphasis on the bioethical principles when using artificial intelligence in medicine, its usefulness in certain circumstances, but also caution regarding companies providing AI systems and tools. Slovenian and Croatian researchers and teachers shared three similar perspectives on the use of AI in medicine–complying with highest ethical principles, explainability and transparency and usefulness of AI tools. Higher caution towards use of AI in medicine and effect on autonomy of physicians was expressed in Croatia, while in Slovenia high emphasis was put on understanding how AI works, but also the concerns regarding willingness and time of physicians to learn about AI. Conclusion Slovenian and Croatian researchers and teachers share ethical attitudes and perspectives with international researchers and physicians. It is important to facilitate understanding of the implications of AI use in medicine and set a solid evidence-based ground to tackle ethical and legal issues
Adults with congenital heart disease: what every cardiologist should know about their care
No full textAbstract As patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) continue to enjoy longer lives, non-congenital cardiologists and other healthcare professionals are increasingly encountering them in their practice and are challenged by their specific needs. Most under- and post-graduate medical training tends to overlook this common pathology, resulting in insufficient awareness of post-repair or post-palliation residual lesions and sequelae from previous interventions. In a strive towards improving the quality of care for this ever-growing cardiovascular patient cohort, it is prudent to outline the areas of concern and specific management needs pertaining to adult patients with CHD and share it with non-CHD professionals. The purpose of this paper is to offer essential guidance to physicians, including cardiologists, when they encounter a patient with CHD in a non-congenital healthcare setting