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Boat charter and lease agreements
No full textBrodarski ugovor ili ugovor o najmu broda je ugovor kod kojeg brodar obavlja prijevoz stvari određenim brodom ili određenim brodskim prostorom. Ugovor o zakupu broda je ugovor kod kojeg zakupodavatelj daje zakupoprimatelju brod na upotrebu u svrhu obavljanja plovidbene djelatnosti. Kod ugovora o najmu broda ne dolazi do promjene brodara, dok kod ugovora o zakupu broda brodar postaje zakupoprimatelj. Ugovor o najmu je ugovor u kojem najmodavatelj predaje određenu stvar najmoprimatelju na upotrebu, dok je ugovor o zakupu ugovor u kojem zakupodavatelj predaje određenu stvar zakupoprimatelju na korištenje. Glavna razlika između ugovora o najmu i zakupu jest to što zakupoprimatelj ima pravo crpiti plodove, dok najmoprimatelj nema. U radu se određuju glavne značajke ugovora o najmu i zakupu broda te ugovora o najmu i zakupu općenito.A charterparty is a contract in which a shipowner provides a transportation of goods by a certain ship or a certain space of a ship. A bareboat charter is a contract in which a lessor gives a lessee a vessel for use for a purpose of carrying out a navigation activity. A change of shipowner does not occur in the case of a charterparty, while in the case of a bareboat charter, a lessee becomes a shipowner. A rental contract is a contract in which the lessor undertakes to deliver to the lessee a specified thing for use, while a lease contract is a contract in which the lessor undertakes to deliver to the lessee a specified thing for enjoyment. The main difference between a rental and lease contract is that in a lease contract the lessee has a right of usufruct, while in a rental contract the lessee doesn't have that right. This paper determines main characteristics of a charterparty and a bareboat charter as well as main characteristics of a rental and lease contract
ECDIS
No full textCilj ovog završnog rada je objasniti funkcioniranje i važnost ECDIS sustava prema suvremenim navigacijskim zahtjevima. Pomorske karte imaju dugu povijest razvoja, a u ECDIS sustavu one su digitalizirane, što značajno unaprjeđuje i olakšava narudžbu i korekcije pomorskih karata. Ipak, praksu široko dostupnih ENC karata još uvijek nisu prihvatile sve zemlje, što ukazuje na to da postoji prostor za poboljšanja i usvajanja najboljih praksi. Uz to, dan je osvrt na karakteristike ECDIS sustava, njegove komponente, prednosti i nedostatke te pitanje sigurnosti i pouzdanosti. U radu je dan primjer pomorske nezgode prilikom uporabe ECDIS sustava. Dodatno, razmotrene su vektorske i rasterske karte te njihove glavne međusobne razlike, kao i razlike u odnosu na papirnate pomorske navigacijske karte. Ovaj rad može biti od koristi praktičarima u struci, kao i onima koji žele rasvijetliti određene nejasnoće u pogledu pogrešaka i nesreća koje mogu biti posljedica neadekvatne uporabe ECDIS sustava.The aim of this final paper is to explain the functioning and importance of the ECDIS system according to modern navigation requirements. Nautical charts have a long history of development, and in the ECDIS system they have been digitized, which significantly improves, and facilitates the ordering, and correction of nautical charts. However, the practice of widely available ENC maps has not yet been accepted by all countries, indicating that there is space for improvement and adoption of best practices. In addition, a review of the characteristics of the ECDIS system, its components, advantages and disadvantages, and the issue of security, and reliability, are given. The paper gives an example of a maritime accident when using the ECDIS system. Besides, vector and raster maps and their main mutual differences, as well as differences in relation to paper nautical charts are considered. This paper can be useful to practitioners in the profession, as well as to those who want to shed light on certain ambiguities regarding errors and accidents that may result from inadequate use of the ECDIS system
Prevention of sea pollution by oils and exhaust gases
No full textU današnjim uvjetima porasta djelatnosti pomorstva i broja brodova više se vodi računa o očuvanju okoliša. Prethodnih godina, kada je svijest o zagađenju okoliša bila manja, more se nekontrolirano zagađivalo i to je kao posljedicu ostavilo velike probleme za ekosustav. Sprječavanje onečišćenja okoliša sa brodova regulirano je propisima i dokumentima provedenih od strane raznih organizacija. Ovaj rad govori o razvoju pravnih dokumenata za sprječavanje onečišćenja mora i okoliša sa naglaskom na MARPOL 73/78 konvenciju. Također su opisani i uređaji koji se koriste na brodovima sa ciljem sprječavanja onečišćenja mora. Cilj rada je detaljan opis spomenutih uređaja i njihova koleracija sa propisima konvencija.Nowadays due to higher maritime activity and increasing number of ships, more attention is paid to preserving the environment. In previous years, when awareness of environmental pollution was lower, there was more uncontrolled pollution which caused huge enviromental issues. The prevention of environmental pollution by ships is regulated by regulations and documents brought by various organisations. This paper discusses the development of legal documents for the prevention of marine and environmental pollution with an emphasis on the MARPOL 73/78 convention. Devices used on ships to prevent marine pollution are also described. The aim of this paper is a detailed description of the operation of the mentioned devices and their correlation with the convention regulations
Traffic infrastructure of Dubrovnik-Neretva county
No full textPrometna infrastruktura je važna za gospodarstvo države, ali i za zadovoljstvo građana. Dubrovačko-neretvanska županija je bitno prometno čvorište za međunarodni promet, te su potrebna ulaganja u njenu prometnu povezanost. U Hrvatskoj je najrašireniji cestovni promet. Sukladno daljnjem razvoju prometa, potrebno je voditi brigu o zaštiti okoliša i sigurnosti prijevoza. Ulaganja u prometnu infrastrukturu garantiraju razvitku države.Traffic infrastructure is important for the economy of the state, but also for citizens's satisfaction. Dubrovnik-Neretva County is a major traffic hub for international traffic, and investiments are needed in its traffic connections. Road traffic is the most widespread in Croatia. In accordance with the further development of traffic, it is necessary to take care of environmental protection and transport safety. Investiments in traffic infrastructure guarantee the development of the state
Temperature measurement
No full textTijekom povijesti razvitak tehnologije je uvelike utjecao na postupke mjerenja temperature. Temperatura je jedna od osnovnih fizikalnih veličina čije se mjerenje koristi u svim djelatnostima. Nastankom različitih vrsta termometara omogućeno je široko područje upotrebe uređaja za mjerenje temperature kako na brodovima tako i u ostaloj industriji, te za privatnu upotrebu. Brodski termometri koriste se u meteorološke svrhe, a također su sastavni dio svakog stroja na brodu. U radu se predstavlja opis, način rada i električne sheme različitih vrsta senzora za mjerenje temperature.Throughout history, the development of technology has greatly influenced temperature measurement procedures. Temperature is one of the basic physical quantities whose measurement is used in all industries. Development of different types of thermometers has enabled a wide range of usage for temperature measuring devices on ships and in other industries, as well as for private use. Brodski termometri koriste se u meteorološke svrhe, a također su sastavni dio svakog stroja na brodu. The paper presents a description, mode of operation and electrical diagrams of different types of temperature sensors
Alternative fuel systems for marine engine drive
No full textUvođenje sve strožih zahtijeva za sprječavanje onečišćenja okoliša, te utjecaj cijene zbog ograničene količine goriva koja se trenutno upotrebljavaju u pomorskom prometu za pogon brodskih motora, pomorska industrija je prisiljena razmatrati alternativna rješenja. Ovaj rad opisuje sastav pojedinih alternativnih goriva, te opisuje princip rada sustava goriva na ukapljena plinovita alternativna goriva kao što su LNG i LPG, u cilju pronalaženja optimalnih rješenja kao zamjene trenutnim primijenjenim tehničkim rješenjima. Sve opcije alternativnog goriva imaju prednosti i izazove koje utječu na dizajn i rad cjelokupnog brodskog pogona.The introduction of increasingly stringent requirements to prevent environmental pollution, and the impact of price due to the limited amount of fuel currently used in maritime transport to power marine engines, the maritime industry is forced to consider alternative solutions. This paper describes the composition of individual alternative fuels, and describes the principle of operation of fuel systems on liquefied gaseous alternative fuels such as LNG and LPG, in order to find optimal solutions as a replacement for currently applied technical solutions. All alternative fuel options have advantages and challenges that affect the design and operation of the entire marine propulsion system
Riskis of poisoning on merchant ships
No full textBilo koji brod može sadržavati različite količine opasnih materijala koje je potrebno pravilno identificirati, ukloniti i zbrinuti. Obično se zbog nedostatka odgovarajućih objekata za prihvat otpada i sredstava za sprječavanje životne opasnosti, obuke za radnike i suradnje vlasnika brodova u pružanju potrebne dokumentacije, brodska posada izlaže riziku od otrovanja. Vrlo često i sam brodski teret može biti otrovan. Otrovne tvari su one supstance koje uzrokuju smrt, ozljedu ili oštećenje organa, obično kemijskim reakcijama ili drugim djelovanjem na molekularnim razini, kada je organizam izložen dovoljnoj količini. U ovom radu analiziraju se one toksične tvari koje su predmet svakodnevnog korištenja brodske posade trgovačke mornarice, plinovi koji izazivaju otrovanje pri pretjeranom izlaganju te prodiranje otrova u organizam uvjetovano ubodima i ugrizima počevši od zmija, štakora, pauka, škorpiona pa sve do otrovnih morskih životinja. Zbog same činjenica da se pomorci svaki dan suočavaju s rizikom od otrovanja, potrebno je poduzeti određene mjere kako bi se reducirao taj rizik. Takve mjere prvenstveno se odnose na samu konstrukciju broda koja može osigurati prevenciju od opasnosti. No, jedna od bitnih mjera su i osobna sredstva za zaštitu pri radu kojima se ublažavaju efekti pri izlaganju toksičnim tvarima. Iako je propisano da drugi brodski časnik vodi evidenciju o brodskoj ljekarni te je zadužen za pružanje prve pomoći, zbog same činjenice da je on pojedinac kojemu to nije profesionalno zanimanje te radi same prirode poslovanja, nužno je da svi članovi posade budu prikladno educirani i osposobljeni za pružanje prve pomoći u situacijama opasnima po život. Također, neophodno je i konstantno obnavljanje stečenog znanja.Any ship can contain different amounts of hazardous materials that need to be properly identified, removed and disposed of. Usually, due to the lack of appropriate waste collection facilities and means to prevent life-threatening, training for workers and cooperation of shipowners in providing the necessary documentation, the ship's crew is exposed to the risk of poisoning. Very often the ship's cargo itself can be poisonous. Toxic substances are those substances that cause death, injury or damage to organs, usually by chemical reactions or other action at the molecular level, when the organism is exposed to a sufficient amount. This work analyzes those toxic substances that are the subject of daily use by the merchant navy crew, gases that cause poisoning when overexposed and the penetration of toxins into the body caused by stings and bites from snakes, rats, spiders, scorpions and poisonous from marine animals. Due to the fact that seafarers face a risk of poisoning every day, certain measures need to be taken to reduce that risk. Such measures primarily relate to the construction of the ship itself, which can ensure the prevention of danger. However, one of the important measures is personal protective equipment at work, which mitigates the effects of exposure to toxic substances. Although it is prescribed that second ship's officer keeps records of the ship's pharmacy and is in charge of providing first aid, due to the fact that he is an individual for whom this is not a professional occupation and due to the nature of business, it is necessary that all crew members are properly educated and trained for providing first aid in life-threatening situations. Also, constant renewal of acquired knowledge is necessary
Furuno Communication Equipment Analysis
No full textKomunikacija na brodu i moru zasigurno je među najznačajnijim faktorima u pomorstvu u svrhu sigurnosti posade, mora i morskog okoliša te samim tim i sprječavanja pomorskih nesreća. Rad „Analiza komunikacijske opreme Furuno“ obrađuje komunikacijski sustav u pomorstvu odnosno njegovo trenutno generalno stanje kroz gledište jedne od uspješnijih kompanija u tom području proizvodnje i distribucije – Furuno. Analizirani su pojedinačni dijelovi komunikacijskih sustava, njihova svrha i način upotrebe te su opisane tehničke specifikacije. Opisan je koncept projekta e – navigacije te je analizirana prilagodba postojećih komunikacijskih sustava na projekt e – navigacije.Communication on board and on sea is certainly one of the most important factors in maritime industry for the purpose of safety of crew, the sea and sea environment and thus the prevention of maritime accidents. The paper „Analysis of Furuno communicational equipment“ deals with maritime communicational system and its current general condition through the point of view of one of the most successful companies in this field of production and distribution – Furuno. Individual parts of communication systems, their purpose and method of use are analyzed, and tehnical specifications are described. The concept of the e - navigation project is described and the adaptation of the existing communication systems on the e - navigation project is analyzed
Ships Maintenance and ISM Code
No full textRazvitkom svijesti o mogućnosti spriječavanja pomorskih nesreća izazvanih ljudskom greškom, Međunarodna pomorska organizacija (IMO) prionule su sastavljanju nove regulative, te izmjenama i dopunama postojeće regulative kako bi smanjili broj nesreća na moru, sačuvali brodove, teret i ljudske živote , te spriječili onečišćenje okoliša. U tu svrhu, ISM Kodeks je uveden kao dopuna SOLAS Konvencije. Razvojem tehnologije i gradnjom sve većih brodova, brodarskim kompanijama postalo je od velike važnosti sačuvanje njihove vrlo vrijedne imovine, života i morskog okoliša, te su novi sustavi upravljanja sigurnošću prihvaćeni kao značajan faktor u očuvanju vrijednosti njihovih ogromnih investicija, a poslijedično i u zaštiti ljudskog života i morskog okoliša.By rising awareness of the possibility of preventing maritime accidents, which are mainly caused by human error, International Maritime Organisation (IMO) have set new regulations as well as amandments of the existing in order to reduce the number of maritime accidents, to save ships, cargo and human lives at sea, and prevent environment pollution. Therefore, ISM Code was addopted as amendment of SOLAS Convention. With the development of technology and the construction of larger ships, the preservation of companies very valuable assets has become of great importance to shipping companies, and new safety management systems have been accepted as a significant factor in preserving the value of huge investments, but also in perserving human lives and marine environment
Broadband link onboard cruise ship possibilities
No full textCilj ovog završnog rada bio je proučiti širokopojasnu vezu na kruzeru i njenu važnost na svim brodovima, a posebno na kruzerima. U prvom poglavlju se opisuje što je širokopojasna veza, koje su njezine mogućnosti i za što se sve ona koristi na brodu. Nadalje se detaljno opisuju pojedine vrste širokopojasne veze i daje se uvid u karakteristike svake kao što su: brzine, cijene, mogućnosti, upotreba na brodu i slično. Tu ubrajamo širokopojasnu satelitsku vezu te širokopojasnu terestričku vezu. U sljedećem poglavlju uzima se za primjer jedan kruzer te se analizira što se sve na njemu nalazi i zbog čega je sve veća potražnja za krstarenjima. U zadnjem poglavlju uzimamo za primjer jedno putovanje i analiziramo vrijeme putovanja, vrijeme koje je brod proveo u lukama i mogućnosti dohvaćanja širokopojasnih veza.The aim of this final assignment was to study the broadband connection on a cruise ship. The first chapter describes what broadband is and what capabilities it has, also what sectors on board use connection. Further, each type of broadband connection is described in detail and gives details into the characteristics of each such as: speeds, prices, capabilities, on-board usage etc. These include broadband satellite and terrestrial broadband. In the following chapter, an example of a cruise ship is taken and has been analyzed. In the last chapter, one trip is taken as an example and has been analyzed the travel time, the time the ship has spent in ports and the possibilities of broadband connections