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Analysis of long ship traffic in the world
No full textU radu se analizira globalni promet LNG brodova, s posebnim naglaskom na povijest pomorstva, tehnološke inovacije i njihov utjecaj na međunarodnu trgovinu. Glavni ciljevi rada su identificirati ključne trendove u globalnom prometu LNG brodova i procijeniti njihov doprinos gospodarskom razvoju. Analiza pokazuje značajan rast globalne LNG flote u razdoblju od 2018. do 2024., potaknut tehnološkim inovacijama koje su povećale sigurnost i učinkovitost transporta. Unatoč rastu flote, starija, manje učinkovita plovila postupno se povlače iz upotrebe, dok novi, tehnološki napredniji brodovi preuzimaju vodeću ulogu. Ovaj tehnološki napredak ključan je za osiguranje energetske sigurnosti u budućnosti jer LNG brodovi imaju značajan utjecaj na globalnu energetsku infrastrukturu.The paper analyses the global traffic of LNG ships, with special emphasis on maritime history, technological innovations and their impact on international trade. The main objectives of the paper are to identify key trends in the global traffic of LNG ships and to assess their contribution to economic development. The analysis shows significant growth in the global LNG fleet from 2018 to 2024, driven by technological innovations that have increased the safety and efficiency of transportation. Despite the fleet's growth, older, less efficient vessels are gradually being phased out, while new, more technologically advanced vessels are taking the lead. This technological advance is crucial for ensuring energy security in the future, as LNG ships have a significant impact on the global energy infrastructure
Central Alarm System
No full textOvaj diplomski rad analizira ulogu i značaj centralnih dojavnih sustava s posebnim naglaskom na vatrodojavne sustave na brodovima. Napredak tehnologija omogućio je značajna poboljšanja u pravovremenom otkrivanju požara, zamijenivši konvencionalne sustave s adresabilnim koji precizno određuju lokaciju javljača na brodu. Poseban fokus ovog rada je na različitim vrstama javljača, koji su ključna komponenta svakog vatrodojavnog sustava. Prema statistikama, dovoljno je samo pet minuta od izbijanja požara da se dim nakupi u hodnicima i stepeništima, što znatno otežava evakuaciju putnika i posade. Stoga je ispravan rad javljača od presudne važnosti. Neovisno o veličini plovila, rijetko što je opasnije od požara na brodu. Sustavi za detekciju požara ključni su dio protupožarnih sustava na većini plovila. Javljači požara dizajnirani su za brzu reakciju brodskog vatrodojavnog sustava putem vidljivih i zvučnih alarma koji označavaju mjesto požarnog incidenta. Vatrodojavni sustav značajno utječe na materijalne resurse i sigurnost posade, stoga je potrebno redovito provoditi održavanje i testiranje kako bi sustav učinkovito obavljao svoju funkciju.This thesis analyzes the role and importance of central alarm systems, emphasizing fire alarm systems on ships. Advances in modern technology have enabled significant improvements in timely fire detection, replacing conventional systems with addressable ones that precisely determine the location of detectors on board. This paper focuses on different types of detectors, which are a key component of any fire alarm system. According to statistics, it only takes five minutes from the outbreak of the fire for smoke to accumulate in the corridors and staircases, which significantly complicates the evacuation of passengers and crew. Therefore, the correct operation of the detector is of crucial importance. Regardless of the size of the vessel, there is rarely anything more dangerous than a fire on board. Fire detection systems are a key part of the fire protection systems on most vessels. Fire detectors are designed for a quick reaction of the ship's fire alarm system through visible and audible alarms that indicate the location of a fire incident. The fire alarm system significantly affects material resources, and the crew's safety, so regular maintenance and testing is necessary for the system to perform its function effectively
Auto-Censorship
No full textAutocenzura je cenzuriranje samog sebe, odnosno javno djelovanje pri kojem se po
vlastitoj volji izbjegavaju teme koje bi mogle biti nepoćudne vlasti, iako sama vlast ne provodi
cenzuru. Karakteristična je za države gdje vlada strogi režim, no prisutna je i u demokratskim
društvima. Autocenzura postoji u svim segmentima društva, a samim tim i u svim sustavima. Jedan
od sustava u kojem je autocenzura izražena je pomorski sustav. Pomorci autocenzuriraju svoje
stavove i mišljenja jer se boje osude kolega i gubitka posla, a što dokazuje ovaj rad prema
podacima prikupljenima kroz anketni upitnik.Self-censorship is self-censorship, i.e. public action in which one voluntarily avoids
topics that could be unwanted by the government, even though the government itself does not carry
out censorship. It is characteristic of a country where a strict regime rules, but it is also present in
democratic societies. Self-censorship exists in all segments of society, and therefore in all systems.
One of the systems in which self-censorship is expressed is the maritime system. Seafarers selfcensor
their views and opinions because they fear the judgment of their colleagues and the loss of
their jobs, as this paper proves according to the data collected through the survey questionnaire
Basic port and maritime facilities - the example of the port of Rijeka
No full textU radu se prikazuje značajnost lučko-pomorskih objekata te se opisuju njihove glavne funkcije. Između ostalog, istraživanje se bazira na usporedbi lučkih bazena dviju najvećih hrvatskih luka. Ukratko se opisuje povijest luka, definiraju se svi lučko-pomorski objekti, opisuje način na koji se isti projektiraju te se naposljetku uspoređuju luka Rijeka i luka Split. Glavna usporedba odnosi se na dužine obale, dubine mora na pristaništu, broju vezova te domet navigacijskih svjetala. Prikazani su podatci iz “Peljara” te se prema obrađenim statističkim podatcima dviju luka daje konačan zaključak za ovo istraživanje.This paper presents the importance of port and maritime facilities and describes their main functions. Among other things, the research is based on a comparison of the port basins of one of the two largest Croatian ports. The history of the port is briefly described, all port and maritime facilities are defined, the way in which they are designed is described, and finally the port of Rijeka and the port of Split are compared. The main comparison refers to the length of the coast, the depth of the sea at the pier, the number of connections and the range of navigation lights. The data from “Peljar” are presented, and according to the processed statistical data of the two ports, the final conclusion for this research is given
Suppression of beam wind impact on ship's autopilot control system
No full textOvaj rad istražuje dostupnu literaturu utjecaja bočnog vjetra na regulacijski sustav autopilota broda, te metode za potiskivanje tog utjecaja. Problem bočnog vjetra, koji može izazvati odstupanja od zadanog kursa i povećanu potrošnju goriva, predstavlja značajan izazov u pomorskoj navigaciji. Kroz proučavanje matematičkih modela, s posebnim naglaskom na Nomotov model broda, analizirane su različite strategije koje mogu unaprijediti stabilnost i upravljivost broda u teškim vremenskim uvjetima. Rezultati pokazuju da kombinacija pasivnih metoda, poput optimiziranog dizajna broda i pravilne upotrebe balasta, te aktivnih metoda, poput automatskog upravljanja kormilom i korištenja bočnih potisnika, može značajno smanjiti negativne učinke bočnog vjetra.This thesis investigates the available literature on the influence of side wind on the control system of the ship's autopilot and methods for suppressing this influence. The crosswind problem, which can cause deviations from the given course and increased fuel consumption, represents a significant challenge in maritime navigation. Through the study of mathematical models, with special emphasis on Nomoto's ship model, various strategies were analyzed that can improve the stability and maneuverability of the ship in difficult weather conditions. The results show that a combination of passive methods, such as optimized ship design and proper ballast use, and active methods, such as automatic rudder control and side thrusters, can significantly reduce the negative effects of crosswinds
MareMathics - Mathematics Theory, Simulations and Exercises for Maritime Students
No full text"Where are we ever going to use this?" is the question maritime students often ask. Not infrequently, even the mathematics professors themselves are not sure about the answer. A satisfactory answer requires an awareness of how mathematics is applied in maritime affairs.
This book covers mathematical topics relevant to undergraduate studies at maritime higher education institutions. Lessons presented in a conceptual and often visual way are enriched with numerous applications, simulations and exercises and are suitable for use in the classroom and for individual learning. At the end of each chapter, there are real examples of the application of mathematics both in the maritime and other fields. This book aims to raise students' motivation for learning, involve them in the discussion and help them to generalise the material and apply it in new situations.
All materials have been designed by the MareMathics project team for use by both mathematics teachers and students.
MareMathics – Innovative Approach in Mathematical Education for Maritime Students, Grant No. 2019-1-HR01-KA203-061000, is an Erasmus+, KA2, Strategic Partnership project with the aim of supporting the creation and implementation of innovative practices in mathematics education for students of maritime studies across Europe, promoting cooperation of respective institutions, peer learning and exchange of experience among the teaching staff.
Project Partners are University of Split, Faculty of Maritime Studies, Croatia; Tallinn University of Technology, Estonian Maritime Academy, Estonia; Latvian Maritime Academy, Latvia; Polish Naval Academy, Poland; Toni Milun – Independent Microenterprise, Croatia.
We have developed a set of online interactive learning tools that accompany static lessons to help students study. In our lessons, interactivity is achieved using simulations - GeoGebra applets that allow students to change/control input parameters and observe results. Developed simulations with associated teaching packages can also be used for the preparation of lectures, activities in the classroom, and self-evaluation that students perform outside the classroom. Some of these simulations are included in this book.
The authors believe that the material contained in the book is suitable for any student with the necessary mathematical skills. It provides enough foundation to bridge the different educational and mathematical backgrounds of most students. In addition, these materials can be used as an auxiliary tool in other courses at maritime higher education institutions, such as electrical engineering, physics, navigation, etc
Analysis of the impact of tourism in Dubrovnik city
No full textDubrovnik je atraktivno turističko središte koje privlači brojne turiste iz cijelog svijeta, što dokazuje stalno rastući broj pristiglih gostiju. Grad pokazuje stalan uzlazni trend kao turistička destinacija, što rezultira određenim izazovima jer takav trend nosi i niz problema uz sve prednosti. Ovaj rad analizira učinak turizma grada Dubrovnika kroz statističke podatke i SWOT analizu, identificira razvojne probleme i društvene izazove te nudi prijedloge za poboljšanje turističke prakse i održivog razvoja grada. Svrha rada je pružiti temelj za razumijevanje trenutnog stanja i izazova u turizmu u Dubrovniku te predložiti strategije za održivi razvoj. Zaključci naglašavaju potrebu za holističkim pristupom koji uključuje poboljšanje javnog prijevoza, diversifikaciju turističke ponude i održivo upravljanje resursima kako bi se osigurala dugoročna održivost i prosperitet Dubrovnika kao turističke destinacije.Dubrovnik is an attractive tourist center that draws numerous visitors from around the world, as evidenced by the continuously increasing number of arrivals. The city shows a steady upward trend as a tourist destination, which brings certain challenges, as such growth entails a series of issues alongside its advantages. This paper analyzes the impact of tourism in Dubrovnik through statistical data and a SWOT analysis, identifies developmental problems and social challenges, and offers suggestions for improving tourism practices and the city's sustainable development. The purpose of this paper is to provide a foundation for understanding the current state and challenges of tourism in Dubrovnik, as well as to propose strategies for sustainable development. The conclusions emphasize the need for a holistic approach that includes improving public transportation, diversifying the tourist offer, and sustainable resource management to ensure the long-term sustainability and prosperity of Dubrovnik as a tourist destination
Rad ne sadrži naslov na drugom jeziku.
No full textSquirrel cage induction motors (SCIMs) account for approximately 87% of all AC motors in the industry. However, during their operational lifetime, SCIMs are subjected to various stresses, including thermal, mechanical, electrical, and environmental factors, which can lead to faults despite robust design and manufacturing standards. Faults in SCIMs are classified into electrical (stator and rotor faults) and mechanical (bearing and rotor faults). This study investigates the detection of broken rotor bar (BRB) faults in SCIMs using stray magnetic flux measurements with randomly positioned sensor. The research aims to validate the measurement method and assess its efficacy in detecting BRB faults in a steady state using random sensor positioning. The experimental setup involved two groups of SCIMs (Siemens and Končar), each comprising two identical motors—one maintained in a healthy state and the other with an induced BRB. Three analytical approaches were employed: statistical analysis of raw data, time-domain feature analysis, and Fast Fourier Transformation (FFT) analysis. The statistical analysis aimed to validate the consistency of the measurement method. Results showed that the measurements were time-independent for each motor condition, indicating the method’s reliability. However, statistical analysis alone was inconclusive for BRB detection due to significant differences between healthy motors. The feature analysis focused on 19 time-domain features, revealing that peak-to-rms, impulse factor, and clearance factor were reliable indicators for detecting BRB in Siemens motors, especially when a large number of measurements were used. For Končar motors, however, no features consistently indicated BRB faults at high reliability levels. The FFT analysis proved to be the most effective approach for BRB detection. By averaging the frequency spectra over the interval of 0-100 Hz and analysing specific frequency indicators, the FFT method reliably detected BRB faults. The reliability of detection increased with the number of measurements, achieving high accuracy with as few as 10 random measurements. This research demonstrates that BRB faults in SCIMs can be reliably detected using stray magnetic flux measurements with random sensor positioning, particularly when employing FFT analysis. Future research should explore shorter measurement durations, a wider variety of motor types, and the detection of multiple broken rotor bars. The limitations of this study include the controlled laboratory environment, the specific motor types tested, and the constant measurement duration and sampling frequency.Rad ne sadrži sažetak na drugom jeziku
Salwage awards and special compensation as insured damages
No full textPojam nagrada za spašavanje i posebna naknada kao osigurane štete je vrlo važan u
pomorskom gospodarstvu. U radu se istražuje pravni okvir vezan uz nagrade i naknade u
kontekstu spašavanja na moru. Rad započinje povijesnim pregledom prava spašavanja,
definirajući različite vrste spašavanja (obvezno, spontano, ugovorno) i njihovu primjenu u
spašavanju ljudskih života i imovine na moru. Posebno se analiziraju konvencijski sustavi i
autonomna pravna vrela koja reguliraju spašavanje, s naglaskom na hrvatsko pravo
spašavanja. Glavni fokus rada je na nagradi za spašavanje, koja se temelji na principu bez
korisnog rezultata nema ni nagrade (engl. "no cure no pay"), te na pravu spašavatelja na
posebnu naknadu, u stimuliranju zaštite morskog okoliša uz detaljan pregled Lloyd's Open
Form. Posebno se ističe prikaz autonomnog obrasca ugovora o spašavanju, važnost nagrade
za spašavanje i posebne naknade u modernom pomorskom osiguranju i pravu, te njihovu
ulogu u promicanju sigurnosti i odgovornosti na moru.The concept of salvage award and special compensation as insured damages explores
the concepts and legal frameworks related to awards and compensations in the context of
sea rescue. The work begins with a historical overview of the right to salvage, defining
various types of salvage (mandatory, spontaneous, contractual) and their application in the
rescue of human lives and property. Conventional systems and autonomous legal sources are
particularly analyzed, with an emphasis on Croatian salvage law. The main focus of the work
is on the salvage award, which is based on the principle of 'no cure, no pay', and on the right
of the salvor to special compensation, with a detailed review of Lloyd's Open Form from
1980. In conclusion, the work synthesizes key points, affirming the importance of the salvage
award and special compensation in modern marine insurance and law, and their role in
promoting safety and responsibility at sea
Biodiversity of the Mediterranean Sea
No full textU ovom završnom radu obrađena je tema biološke raznolikosti Sredozemnog mora, gdje se pokušala definirati i sažeti njezina
jedinstvenost i raskoš. Mediteran je bogat raznolikim nizom morskih vrsta ponajviše zbog specifičnih zemljopisnih i okolišnih
karakteristika, te zbog toga predstavlja jedno od žarišta biološke raznolikosti. Cilj rada je također pokušati povećati svijest o
ranjivosti biološke raznolikosti Sredozemlja kako bi se učinkovitije provodile mjere preventive i zaštite flore, faune i staništa tog
područja. Rastom globalne svijesti o važnosti bioraznolikosti, ključ za očuvanje posebnih i ranjivih ekosistema Sredozemnog mora
nalazi se u konstantnim istraživanjima, očuvanju i održivom gospodarenju.In this work, the topic of the Mediterranean's biodiversity has been addressed, and
an attempt has been made to define and summarize its uniqueness and splendor. The
Mediterranean Sea is rich in a variety of marine species, mainly due to specific
geographical and ecological features, and therefore represents one of the biodiversity
hotspots. The aim of the paper is to raise awareness of the threats to Mediterranean
biodiversity in order to more effectively implement measures to prevent and protect flora, fauna and habitats in this area.
Given the growing global awareness of the need for biodiversity, the key to preserving the special and fragile ecosystems of
the Mediterranean lies in continuous research, conservation and sustainable management