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The Impact of a 1,2,3-Triazole Motif on the Photophysical Behavior of Non-K Tetrasubstituted Pyrene with a Substitution Pattern Providing the Long Axial Symmetry
No full text1,3,6,8-Tetrasubstituted pyrene derivatives with two types of substituents (4-(2,2-dimethyl
propyloxy)pyridine, 1-decyl-1,2,3-triazole, 1-benzyl-1,2,3-triazole, and pyrazole), substituted in such
a way that provides the long axial symmetry, are prepared and characterized in the present study.
To the best of our knowledge, the pyrene derivative containing the same heteroaryl motif (triazole)
but substituted by two various alkyls, straight decyl and benzyl-based side chains (C), is reported
for the first time. For comparison, compounds with one kind of triazole motif and substituted
pyridine or pyrazole groups were prepared (A and B). The photophysical properties of all molecules
were evaluated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and UV-Vis spectroscopy (absorption and
emission spectra, quantum yields, and fluorescence lifetimes). The obtained results were compared
to analogues substituted at the 1,3,6,8 positions by one kind of substituent and also with all the
1,3,6,8-tetrasubstituted pyrenes reported in the literature substituted by two kinds of substituents
with a substitution pattern that provides long axial symmetry. In addition, theoretical studies based
on DFT and TD-DFT were performed that supported the interpretation of the experimental results.
The photophysical properties of tetrasubstituted pyrene derivatives having triazole units at the
1,8-positions, respectively, and other identical substituents at the 3,6 positions show the dominance of
triazole units in the pyrene framework; the dominance is even higher in the case of the substitution
of 1,3,6,8 positions by triazoles, but containing two various alkyls
Pionowy świat i góry na opak, czyli autobiografia na cztery ręce Olgi i Piotra Morawskich
No full textThe article presents an interpretation
of Od początku do końca (From Beginning
to End), a book written by Olga
Morawska and Piotr Morawski. The
work contains a Himalayan climber’s
2001–2009 diary covering, among
others, expeditions to K2, Annapurna
and Dhaulagiri, as well as his
wife’s memoir written after his death.
A combination of two perspectives
and two narratives, of the climber and
his life companion, makes the book
stand out from the genre of Himalayan
climbing accounts – for literary
reasons and owing to its focus
on human relationships (intersubjectivity).
Nevertheless, a focus on space,
a staple of the genre, is strong
in this book as well. Consequently,
the analysis of the climber’s notes
points to a sensual topography: a record
of direct experience of mountains.
Morawska’s memoir, in turn,
is permeated with spatial metaphors
(of life as a journey) and brings grief
to the fore
Multi-method geophysical mapping of ground properties and periglacial geomorphology in Hans Glacier forefield, SW Spitsbergen
No full textThis article presents the results of a geophysical survey from which detailed images of glacial and periglacial landforms and subsurface structures were obtained. Sediments and landforms on newly deglaciated terrain can be used to reconstruct the extent and character of glaciers in the past and add to the understanding of their response to climate and environmental changes. To derive spatial information from complex geomorphological terrain, joint interpretation of three non-intrusive geophysical methods were applied: Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT), Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR), and time-lapse Seismic Tomography. These were used to identify subsurface structures in the forefield of the retreating Hans Glacier in SW Spitsbergen, Svalbard. Three main zones were distinguished and described: outwash plain, terminal moraine from the last glacial maximum, and glacial forefield proximal to the glacier front. Geophysical profiles across these zones reveal information on glacio-fluvial sediment thickness and structure, ice thickness and structure, and bedrock topography. The freezing-thawing effect of the active layer has a strong and deep impact, as demonstrated by variations in P-wave velocity in the obtained outcomes. The results are discussed in the context of the current climate in Svalbard. This study provides a snapshot of ground parameters and the current state of the subsurface in southern Spitsbergen. The boundary between sediment-bedrock layers was estimated to be from 5 to 20 m in depth. It is the first such extensive description of periglacial structures in the forefield of the Hans Glacier, utilising the longest ERT profile (1500 m) in Svalbard together with deep GPR and precise seismic tomography
Muscimol hydration and vibrational spectroscopy – The impact of explicit and implicit water
No full textThe presented study focuses on the interaction of the well-known neurotoxin muscimol with water. Two approaches for the water solvent are applied – the explicit and the implicit. The muscimol-water clusters were obtained by the molecular dynamics simulations and the first solvation shell was kept for further studies. Implicit water was mimicked via the polarized continuum model (PCM). All three tautomeric forms of the free muscimol molecule are considered in the calculations. The combined theoretical and experimental vibrational IR and Raman studies determined the stability of the prevailing zwitterion form in water. We proved that water molecules in the first solvation shell are crucial for the correct prediction of structural and spectroscopic parameters of muscimol due to its ability to form strong hydrogen bonds. We believe that our findings will shed some light on the binding preferences of muscimol with the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor
Literatura rosyjsko-izraelska i jej mitotwórczy potencjał
No full textThe text is a review of Roman Katsman’s monograph, entitled Vysshaya legkost’sozidaniya. Sleduyushchiye sto let russko-izrail’skoy literatury (Boston–St. Petersburg: Academic Studies Press–BiblioRossica, 2021). This is a continuation of his research included in the previous book, Neulovimaya real’nost’. Sto let russko-izrail’skoy literatury (1920–2020) (Boston–St. Petersburg: Academic Studies Press–BiblioRossica, 2020). Katsman steps back from perceiving Russian-Israeli literature as a part of Russian literature and describing it only in contexts and connections related to Russian culture. The recognition of such literary autonomy requires a separate research method, tools and conceptual apparatus. In his book from 2020, Katsman presents a philosophical and cultural paradigm, which aims to define the perspective of Russian-Israeli literature; in the other monograph, he supplements this paradigm with the myth-creating potential contained in this literature
Soba Expedition: The preliminary report on the season of fieldwork conducted in 2021-2022
No full textAt the end of 2018 the Polish Centre of Mediterranean Archaeology, University of Warsaw, applied for a research concession in Soba East. The request was accepted and the boundaries of the area have been set
(Fig. 1). At the same time the National Science Centre in Poland accepted a project proposal based on agreement no UMO-2018/29/B/HS3/02533. The project was entitled Soba – the heart of Alwa. Spatial organisation of the capital city on the Blue Nile. The project introduced a new approach
to study the urban plan of the city (Drzewiecki, Ryndziewicz 2019) (Fragment tekstu)
Burial and thermal history of the eastern transform boundary of the Central Western Carpathians based on 1D basin modelling
No full textZbiór surowych danych badawczychthe Statutory Funds of the Institute of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, the University of Silesia in Katowice
The influence study of the number of substituted heteroaryls at the non-K region of pyrene structure on the photophysical properties based on the example of pyrene with 1-decyl-1 H -1,2,3-triazole motif
No full textThe study of the photophysical properties (thermal - thermogravimetric analysis and optical - absorption, emission in the solution and in powder, quantum efficiency of emission and efficient fluorescence lifetime in the solution) with the focus on the influence of the number of substituted 1-decyl-1H-1,2,3-triazole groups at the non-K region of pyrene structure. To the best of our knowledge, the investigation of the impact of the number of heteroaryl groups at the non-K region of pyrene is reported for the first time. The obtained results for monosubstituted derivative (1) were compared to di- (2, 3) and tetra- (4) analogues previously reported by us in the literature. In addition, theoretical studies based on DFT and TD-DFT were performed to support interpreting the experimental results. A strong influence of the number of substituted heteroaryls at the non-K region of pyrene on the photophysical properties was noticed. Theoretical calculations revealed that an increasing number of substituted groups decrease the contribution of pyrene in the creation of frontier orbitals for HOMO from 88 to 72% and LUMO from 91 to 74%, with a simultaneous increase of 1-decyl-1H-1,2,3-triazole. The energy gap values follow the same trend, the highest was established for monosubstituted ΔE = 3.62 eV and the lowest for tetrasubstituted ΔE = 3.16 eV. Considering the results of TD-DFT calculations for monosubstituted pyrene, there are no differences in the character of transitions related to absorption and emission in reference to the number of substituted triazole groups at the pyrene core. Therefore, the increasing number of substituted heteroaryls results in red-shifted absorption and emission in the solution and in the solid state (up to 50 nm), increasing the quantum efficiency from 37 to 72% and lower efficient fluorescence lifetime from 9.25 to 2.03 ns
Początki powszechnego szkolnictwa w Prusach
No full textPrusy jako pierwsze państwo na świecie wprowadziły funkcjonujący system obowiązkowego szkolnictwa, jest to jedno z osiągnięć Fryderyka Wielkiego. Wprowadzanie powszechnej edukacji nie było jednak procesem bezproblemowym ani pozbawionym wad w pewnych kwestiach. Powszechne szkolnictwo było cywilizacyjnym krokiem do przodu, jednak poza szczytnym celem nauki niemieckie szkoły służyły także do programowania społeczeństwa: miały wpajać posłuszeństwo i zaufanie wobec państwa, aby tworzyć przydatnych dla monarchii obywateli, a w przypadku mniejszości, takich jak Polacy, dążyć także do germanizacji dzieci. Pruski model szkolnictwa, zreformowany na początku XIX wieku, przyjął się na całym świecie i do dzisiaj funkcjonuje w większości krajów, w tym Polsce. Mimo tego, że szkoły znacząco się zmieniły przez te 200 lat, to ogół systemu pozostaje w dużej mierze wierny pruskiemu systemowi. Artykuł przedstawia początki funkcjonowania powszechnego szkolnictwa w Prusach, rzucając światło na to, jakie korzenie mają dzisiejsze szkoły
Deficyty edukacyjne i tożsamościowe uniwersalnego modelu edukacji wobec Aborygenów
No full textW artykule rozpatrzony zostaje problem narzucenia państwowej i kościelnej edukacji Aborygenom australijskim i tasmańskim podczas kolonizacji. Autorka skupia się na roli pierwszych szkół aborygeńskich dzieci, gdzie edukacja miała wypierać z nich świadomość kulturową, tożsamość etniczną, wiedzę o naturze, życie w harmonii z otaczającą je fauną i florą. Obecnie system edukacji w Australii, zaczerpnięty głównie z modelu edukacyjnego Stanów Zjednoczonych Ameryki Północnej, opiera się na indywidualizmie, daje prawo do wolności, wyboru oraz zrozumienia. W XXI w. każdy powinien mieć prawo do edukacji, zgłębiania wiedzy na każdej płaszczyźnie, jednak proponowane obszary zagadnień w edukacji zachodniej są ograniczone. Operują wiedzą ważną dla kultury amerykańskiej oraz europejskiej, nie uwzględniają wartości ważnych dla mniejszości etnicznych innych kontynentów, w tym Aborygenów. Krytyczna refleksja nad dążeniem do wypracowania uniwersalnego modelu edukacyjnego na całym świecie jest kluczowa, by zrozumieć do jakich deficytów edukacyjnych i tożsamościowych prowadzi