Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Śląskiego RE-BUŚ
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Seniorzy w reklamach telewizyjnych a wychowanie do starości dzieci w wieku przedszkolnym i wczesnoszkolnym
Full text linkCelem artykułu jest analiza treści wybranych reklam telewizyjnych
oraz występującego w nich wizerunku seniorów. Autorka zwraca uwagę
na rolę mass mediów we współczesnym świecie – opisuje znaczenie
i miejsce telewizji w życiu i rozwoju dziecka, wymienia wady codziennego
oglądania przez wychowanków programów telewizyjnych
oraz korzyści wynikające z rozsądnego korzystania z mediów. Dalszą
część artykułu stanowi refleksja na temat stereotypowego postrzegania
seniorów przez dzieci i młodzież oraz istoty kształtowania w społeczeństwie
pozytywnych postaw wobec osób w wieku emerytalnym.
Autorka podkreśla, iż niwelowanie negatywnych stereotypów na temat
seniorów i starości powinno być realizowane od najmłodszych lat
życia człowieka, także w wieku przedszkolnym i wczesnoszkolnym.
Biorąc pod uwagę siłę opiniotwórczą mass mediów, można przypuszczać,
że kształtowanie postaw może być wzmacniane poprzez wizerunek
seniorów prezentowany w reklamach telewizyjnych. Dlatego
autorka analizuje treść wybranych spotów reklamowych, w których
występują seniorzy. Zastosowana analiza dokumentów ma na celu
rozpoznanie ich wyglądu, sposobu bycia, relacji społecznych oraz sytuacji
ekonomicznej. Z przeprowadzonych badań wynika, że nie są
oni przedstawiani w reklamach w sposób stereotypowy. Są to ludzie aktywni, zadbani, posługujący się nowymi technologiami, mający
swoje pasje i marzenia. Taki obraz może przyczynić się do kształtowania
w najmłodszych pozytywnego stosunku do seniorów i starości, co
jest szczególnie ważne w czasach przemian demograficznych
Groundwater quality testing in the area of municipal waste landfill sites in Dąbrowa Górnicza (southern Poland)
Full text linkGroundwater quality assessment for pollution can be undertaken with the use of indicators that will confirm or deny the negative impact of potential pollution sources. Based on water quality monitoring data from the Lipówka I and Lipówka II municipal landfill sites in Dąbrowa Górnicza from the last five years, the water quality in the area was assessed using the Nemerow Pollution Index (NPI) method. Seven parameters were assessed – pH, electrical conductivity, and the concentrations of chlorides, sulphates, ammonium ions, boron and iron. The limits for class III water quality were used as the reference level. The results of the NPI calculations show that the highest indices were obtained for the piezometers PZ5 and T5 located in the outflow of the water from the Lipówka I landfill site. The highest values of the Nemerow index were obtained for ammonium ions and reached a value of over 36 in the PZ5 piezometer and 17 in the T5 piezometer. The other parameters did not indicate a significant impact of the landfill sites on the quality of groundwater. The highest values of the indicators were observed in 2017. It is worth noting that, apart from the large differences in the content of ammonium ions, the values of the Nemerow indices for the electrical conductivity specifically for the PZ5 piezometer are twice as high as for the other piezometers and four times higher than for boron. The Nemerow index is a useful and easy method of assessing the quality of groundwater. It can even be used for a small number of parameters
Kinds of Harm: Animal Law Language from a Scientific Perspective
Full text linkThe current language of animal welfare laws is inconsistent and unclear in the basic terms
pertaining to animal sensations and potential harms. In the case of law, the exact language often
plays an essential role in determining legal duties and establishing their scope. Thus, for further
progress in animal law, a coherent and unified basic conceptual framework is needed. To establish
such a framework, the relevant legal terminology should be discussed in a prescriptive rather than
interpretive manner while drawing on the medical sciences. Here, we propose a way to clarify the
relevant terms to prevent misconceptions and improve the consistency of animal law
Functioning of Polish Women in Binational Relationships - An Outline of the Issue against the Background of Migration in the Interpreted Paradigm
Full text linkThe aim of this study was to describe the functioning of Polish women living in Britain
and the USA who have entered into formal or informal relationships with foreigners. The analysis
of the literature has shown that research which helps to understand the specifics of how binational
relationships work is still scarce, so researchers are encouraged to conduct more studies in this area.
The analyses presented here are based on individual semi-structured in-depth interviews conducted
among 21 women (N = 21). The research has shown, among other things, that the migration of
Polish women is strongly correlated with living conditions and the economic situation in the country.
The stories of the women interviewed about leaving Poland clearly show the changes in migration
patterns developing in the 21st century
Sakrament Eucharystii a sakrament święceń : loci communes i ich teologiczno-egzystencjalne konsekwencje w ujęciu J. Ratzingera/Benedykta XVI
No full textJoseph Ratzinger/Benedict XVI is considered the most outstanding contemporary theologian. Apart from scientific work, his life is above all filled with the realisation of a priestly vocation. In the daily celebration of the Sacrifice of Jesus Christ, he included and still includes the sacrifice of his life. Thus, it demonstrates a profound communion between the Eucharist and Holy Orders. In his works and teaching he often points to the unity and those sacraments. From this mystery of unity he draws conclusions which affect the lives of ordained ministers and the whole Church. A thorough analysis of the works of Joseph Ratzinger/Benedict XVI in this dissertation shows the doctrinal beauty of the unity of the sacrament of Holy Orders and the Eucharist and the consequences which come out of it.
The fundamental question of the doctoral dissertation is the result of two ongoing interactions. The first one is the interdisciplinary plane of contact within sacramentology: a multithreaded and multifaceted encounter between the theology of the sacrament of Holy Orders and the theology of the Eucharist. The second interaction concerns an existential problem (it is therefore the life of the Church, the life of priests, and the life oflay faithful). It is an encounter between scientific theoria and true-to-life praxis. Thereby, the very question which sets the topic of the dissertation is: What is the result of the fact that the sacrament of the Eucharist and the sacrament of Holy Orders are so intertwined and interdependent that it is not meaningful to discuss them separately - if theological reflection on them is to be correct and fruitful? What does the great theological work of Joseph Ratzinger/Benedict XVI have to tell us about this?
Holy Orders and the Eucharist have many things in common. The Church has been teaching this from apostolic times, through the Fathers of the Church, the Magisterium, saints, and popes. Even today, in a secularised world which in many places turns away from God and the sacraments, where the Eucharist seems unnecessary and the priesthood is seen as an unproductive, bizarre and ridiculed activity, in this work it is all the more important to pay attention to the unity of the Eucharist and Holy Orders. up-to-date, and its deepening important for doctrinal, spiritual and pastoral reasons.
The present dissertation is divided into three chapters. The first is entitled Doctrinal Consequences of "locorum communium". It shows the truth about the profound communion of the both sacraments and the consequences of this communio in the doctrine of faith. Specific common places of the Eucharist and Holy Orders have been indicated, such as the interdependence of existence, the unique mediation, and unity of the Church.
In the second chapter Spiritual Consequences of "loco rum communium " the effects of these common places on spirituality have been discussed. Their interpretation leads to conclusions which could be adopted and introduced in the spiritual development of a person. They are especially important in terms of formation for ordained persons. They concern the Eucharistic life, the participation of ordained ministers in the life of God, and the reasonable worship of God (cf. Rom 12,1) which flows from it. Analysis of logike latreia occurs in connection with many aspects of life and is interpreted from various points of view. This work also shows what this "reasonable worship of God" should look like in the life of a deacon, priest, and bishop, and how it is present in the People of God, who also enjoys the universal priesthood and is united with God in communion. Every person in his/her own way ought to rationally serve God by giving himself/herself in love. This should lead to the daily, patient following of Christ in everyday life - a passio of life which is also ready to sacrifice itself.
Finally, in the third chapter, the Pastoral Consequences of the "locorum communium" have been shown and discussed. The central thought and question of this chapter is: How should pastors act?, what should they teach?, what should they pay attention to in leading others to ultimate fellowship with God in eternity? J. Ratzinger/Benedict XVI considers the primacy of God to be the most important matter in human life, and, therefore, setting the proper hierarchy of values. Either God is and He tells the truth, or He doesn't exist. Everything really depends on who God is for man and where He is in man's life. The pope believes that what is happening in today's world is so-called crisis of God, the problem of his presence. The main pastoral goal seems to be to restore this primacy of God in human life, society and the world.
The work is concluded with conclusions which elaborate life in love. Since God himself is love, the whole Church has to draw this love from the Eucharist. This love is ultimately transforming, and in it is the model of true life. Christ in love leads to the giving of himself -the cross which, despite failure, turns out to be a victory.
The dissertation has created a critical compendium of the most important findings concerning the discussed issue, i.e. the common places of Eucharist and Holy Orders; findings which are the fruit of theological tradition, the achievements of contemporary theology, and the author's contribution of Ratzinger. All those three trends which have been extracted, analysed and shown in his doctoral dissertation meet in his Opera omnia.
In synthetic terms, it should be stated that J. Ratzinger/Benedict XVI believes that the loci communes of the sacrament of Holy Orders and the sacrament of the Eucharist: 1. Christ merges them and He is their cause and goal.
2. they show and demand the primacy of God in all areas of life.
3. by their profound communion, they imply the unity of the Church.
4. they significantly influence the life and spirituality of bishops, priests and deacons.
5. they call to the sacrifice of life those who celebrate it and participate in it - their body has to be "given up" and their blood has to be "poured out"
Assessment of spatio-temporal trends of satellite-based aerosol optical depth using Mann–Kendall test and Sen’s slope estimator model
No full textAerosols are an inextricably linked component of the atmosphere. Nowadays the study of aerosols has attracted the attention of the world community due to the increasing concerns over air pollution
and climate change. Aerosol optical depth (AOD) is the measure of aerosols distributed within the atmospheric column from the Earth's surface to the top of the atmosphere. This study was conducted to examine the trend in AOD between latitudes 22° and 24.62° N, and longitudes 83.26° and 87.01° E, covering the entire part of the Indian state of Jharkhand. Mann-Kendall (MK) trend test and Sen's slope estimator model were used to examining the trend over 18years (period: 2000-2017) AOD data obtained from satellite-based sensor namely MODIS. The highest AOD was observed in the north-eastern part, while the lowest was observed in the state's southwestern part. The mean relative percentage change (RPC) analysis showed that the AOD increased
from 20 to 60%. Jharkhand State comprises various sub-regions; all the sub-regions, including major cities, have shown a remarkable positive trend. In particular, Dhanbad, Sahibganj, Chaibasa, Jamshedpur, Ranchi, and Hazaribagh demonstrate statistically significant positive trends (99% confidence level). It was observed
that the highest positive trend (0.1228) and the lowest negative trend (—0.02587) were in Sahibganj and Gumla districts, respectively. This study revealed a statistically robust significant correlated pattern of AOD with the variability of meteorological factors
Polymers in High-Efficiency Solar Cells: The Latest Reports
No full textThird-generation solar cells, including dye-sensitized solar cells, bulk-heterojunction solar cells, and perovskite solar cells, are being intensively researched to obtain high efficiencies in converting solar energy into electricity. However, it is also important to note their stability over time and the devices’ thermal or operating temperature range. Today’s widely used polymeric materials are also used at various stages of the preparation of the complete device—it is worth mentioning that in dye-sensitized solar cells, suitable polymers can be used as flexible substrates counter-electrodes, gel electrolytes, and even dyes. In the case of bulk-heterojunction solar cells, they are used primarily as donor materials; however, there are reports in the literature of their use as acceptors. In perovskite devices, they are used as additives to improve the morphology of the perovskite, mainly as hole transport materials and also as additives to electron transport layers. Polymers, thanks to their numerous advantages, such as the possibility of practically any modification of their chemical structure and thus their physical and chemical properties, are increasingly used in devices that convert solar radiation into electrical energy, which is presented in this paper
Climatic Signals on Growth Ring Variation in Salix herbacea : Comparing Two Contrasting Sites in Iceland
No full textSalix herbacea, being such an adaptive species, has never been studied for its climatic re-sponse. The main purpose of this study is to examine the dendrochronological potential of S. herbacea. Furthermore, it aims to identify the main environmental factors that are influencing its growth. We selected two sampling sites that are different in terms of morphology and climate. Overall, 40 samples of dwarf willow were collected from two research sites and were analyzed by following the standard dendrochronological methods. The ring width chronology of the dwarf willow from the Afrétt site spans 1953–2017, i.e., 64 years. The correlations between air temperature and the ring width of dwarf willow indicate that this species responds positively to spring and summer temperatures for the Myrdal site. For the Afrétt site, this species responds positively to winter and summer precipitation. These effects may be related to tundra browning, a process that has appeared since the beginning of the 21st century. Our work is the first attempt to create a growth ring chronology of S. herbacea and to investigate its climate sensitivity. Despite the differences in local climate in both sites, this species shows its potentiality and a direct imprint of recent environmental changes in its ring width growth pattern
The Idea of Unity and Catholicity of the Church in the Custom of Mentioning the Bishop’s Name in the Eucharistic Prayer
No full textThe editio tertia emendata of the Paul VI Missal was made available to
the Church in 2008. Particularly noteworthy among the many emendationes of this
edition is the one that refers to the situation when the bishop celebrates the Holy
Mass outside his own diocese. In the Missal published in 2002, it was suggested that
this mention should be as follows: et me indigno famulo tuo, et fratre meo N., Episcopo
huius Ecclesiae N. In the revised edition it is proposed that the “guest” bishop should
mention his brother first (et fratre meo N.), who for him is the bishop of the diocese
where he celebrates Mass, and only later mention himself (et me indigno famulo tuo).
In doing so, he should also not additionally define the local Church as “N.,” i.e., for
example, Varsovian or Washingtonian, which, as such, do not exist, but he should
pray for the bishop of “this Church” (huius Ecclesiae), within which he celebrates
the liturgy in communion with the universal Church, emphasized by fraternal unity
with the local pastor. The article shows that this modification is of great theological
significance and corresponds to the ecclesiology of Vatican II
The Adventures of the Czech Humour and the Good Soldier Švejk behind the Polish Lines
No full textThis paper deals with one of the most successful Czech export products, beside beer from
Plzenˇ orCˇ eské Budeˇjovice and cars from Mladá Boleslav: the Czech humour. Is there any
typical Czech humour or is it only a myth? First of all, we will analyze, how are the Czechs
and their humour regarded from the Polish perspective. In this context in the center of our
interest is a literary figure, which not only in Poland, but almost everywhere beyond the
Czech Republic became the symbol of Czech humour: the good Soldier Sˇvejk and its
translations. TheSˇvejk appeared about one hundred years ago and continues to dominate
our view on Czechia and its people. But at the beginning we will have a short look at the
stereotypes existing between the two western Slavonic neighbors and their relationship,
which was not always easy and full of humour