Archivio istituzionale della Ricerca - Università degli Studi di Parma
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Validation of the Iwate scoring system for the stratification of laparoscopic liver resections: An international multicenter study
No full textIntroduction: The Iwate difficulty scoring system (DSS) is one of the most widely validated DSS for laparoscopic liver resection (LLR). However, these studies only validated the 4 difficulty levels and did not validate the 12-point difficulty index of the system. To address current limitations in the studies validating the Iwate difficulty scoring system (DSS), we performed an international multicenter study to validate the Iwate DSS across both its four difficulty levels and 12-point difficulty index.Methods: A retrospective cohort study of 22,252 patients undergoing LLR across 64 centers worldwide between 2005 and 2021 was performed. Baseline characteristics and perioperative outcomes were analyzed across the four difficulty levels and 12-point difficulty index of the Iwate DSS.Results: A total of 14,759 patients met the inclusion criteria. The main indications for LLR were hepatocellular carcinoma/intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (52.8 %), and metastatic tumors liver (26.5 %). In terms of underlying liver pathology, 5127 patients (34.8 %) had liver cirrhosis, and 1214 patients (8.3 %) had portal hypertension. Intraoperative outcomes (operation time, blood loss, blood transfusion, use of Pringles maneuver and open conversion) and postoperative outcomes (length of stay, morbidity, major complications, and 90-day mortality) significantly increased with stepwise increases across the four difficulty levels (P < 0.001) and 12-point difficulty index (P < 0.001). These trends remained significant following adjustment for baseline characteristics (P < 0.001).Conclusion: The Iwate DSS 12-point difficulty index and four difficulty levels correlated well with LLR difficulty as determined by key surrogate perioperative measures
Behavioral, Ecological, and Morphological Data Suggest a Close Relationship Between the Ant Colobopsis truncata and the Gall Wasp Aphelonyx cerricola
No full textWasps of the family Cynipidae are known to induce galls of a species-specific morphology, which during senescence provide a refuge for secondary insect fauna, especially ants. Here, we studied for the first time the colonization of galls of Aphelonyx cerricola by two ant species, Colobopsis truncata and Crematogaster scutellaris. Field sampling across one urban and one natural site in Italy showed that 61% of A. cerricola galls were colonized by these ants, though essentially (87%) by Co. truncata. These species exclusively colonized partially empty or completely empty galls, predominantly the larger ones composed of fewer subunits. By inspecting the European distribution of Co. truncata and Cr. scutellaris, we found that Co. truncata tends to be closer to the host plant of A. cerricola, Quercus cerris, than Cr. scutellaris. Climatic niche modeling indicated a greater niche overlap between Co. truncata and the host plant Q. cerris compared to Cr. scutellaris. Additionally, we discovered that Co. truncata queens have mandibles with a morphology likely less optimized for excavating compared to workers, with lower zinc enrichment levels than workers. This suggests that colony founding in Co. truncata may require less excavating activity compared to Cr. scutellaris, possibly explaining Co. truncata preference for empty galls and the higher colonization rate of non-emptying galls of other cynipids by Cr. scutellaris. Altogether, our data point to a close relationship between the ant Co. truncata and A. cerricola, and further investigations may shed light on its possible benefits for both species
Il ruolo delle Corti costituzionali nella protezione delle generazioni future. Cenni introduttivi
No full textInvestigating preferences for soil desealing: insights from citizens for sustainable urban planning in Parma, Italy
No full textSoil desealing is a relevant adaptation action to mitigate the adverse effects of climate change and soil consumption. Recognising the importance of citizens’ involvement towards shared decision processes, surveys have been used to assess citizens’ perceptions and preferences, juxtaposing local and expert knowledge. Stated-choice experiments represent valuable instruments to gain insight into the preferences for the attributes of choice alternatives that describe hypothetical choice situations. While extensively used in the broader sustainability field, they are less employed within climate adaptation, soil desealing and participatory urban planning. This study investigates preferences on soil desealing in Parma, studying the participants’ ‘willingness to accept a certain desealing intervention’ and its procedural, technical, and formal characteristics. To objective is to help draft guidelines for urban planners and policy-makers to align them with the citizens. The results – joined with the socio-demographic characteristics and environmental attitude of the sample – show that, despite a favourable approach towards soil desealing, interventions that directly benefit summer temperatures and new high and medium-rise vegetation are preferred. The desealed area percentage and rainfall absorption are also valued. Citizens’ active involvement, however, does not appear to play a role, suggesting a possible favour towards, at least partially, technocratic approaches
I trapianti d'organo del futuro: potenzialità e limiti degli xenotrapianti
No full textGli xenotrapianti da animali geneticamente modificati all’uomo promettono di rivoluzionare la medicina dei trapianti e di porre rimedio alla cronica carenza di organi umani. Nonostante gli straordinari risultati raggiunti negli ultimi anni, restano numerose sfide da affrontare, sia dal punto di vista scientifico che sotto il profilo etico-normativo. In particolare, il presente contributo si concentra sul delicato tema della sperimentazione animale nell’ambito della ricerca sugli xenotrapianti e, nello specifico, sulle contraddizioni esistenti tra la normativa italiana (D.Lgs. n. 26/2013) e la Direttiva europea 2010/63/UE, che rischiano di frenare il progresso scientifico e medico.Xenotransplantation from genetically modified animals to humans holds the promise of revolutionise transplantation medicine, addressing the chronic shortage of human organs. Despite the extraordinary results achieved in recent years, many scientific still remain, both scientifically and from an ethical-regulatory point of view. In particular, this paper focuses on the issue of animal testing in the field of xenotransplantation research and, more specifically, on the contradictions between the Italian legislation (Legislative Decree no. 26/2013) and the European Directive 2010/63/EU, which risk hampering scientific and medical progress
Pedagogia della dissimulazione. Virgilio Malvezzi, la Politica del Seicento, l'ironia della Storia
No full textUn nuovo sguardo sulle donne nel crepuscolo dell’Impero Romano d’Occidente attraverso il prisma delle Novellae di Maioriano
No full textHealth and healthy eating. Retailers’ communication and consumers’ perception in online conversations.
No full textUpadacitinib’s Effectiveness and Safety as a Second- or Third-Line Therapy in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis: Data from a Real-World Study
No full textBackground: Upadacitinib (UPA), a selective anti-JAK1 agent, obtained refundability from
the Italian National Health System in July 2023 for its use in patients with ulcerative colitis
(UC) refractory to other therapies, including anti-TNF-α, anti-integrins, and ustekinumab.
At present, no Italian data are available about its effectiveness and safety in the real world.
Methods: A retrospective assessment of clinical and endoscopic activity was performed
according to the Mayo score. The primary endpoints were to evaluate the effectiveness and
safety of UPA. Results: We included 202 consecutive UC patients (M/F 119/83, median
age 42). The clinical remission and clinical response rates were 45.5% (92/202) and 63.5%
(128/202), respectively, at 8 weeks and 60.2% and 81.7%, respectively, at the end of the
follow-up. Clinical remission was achieved more frequently when UPA was used as a
first-line rather than a second-/third-line treatment (p = 0.609). Mucosal healing was
reported in 84.6% of patients at the median follow-up time. Adverse events occurred in
six patients (2.5%), whereas four patients (2%) underwent colectomy. Conclusions: This
large real-world study shows that UPA is an effective and safe treatment for UC patients
Cervantes, Shakespeare, Florio e altri marrani
No full textL'impatto del marranismo, ovvero della cultura degli ebrei costretti a convertirsi al Cristianesimo nel XV e XVI Secolo in Spagna e in Europa, è stato determinante nella nascita del pensiero della modernità