Archivio istituzionale della Ricerca - Università degli Studi di Parma
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Attachment anxiety, loneliness, and death anxiety in problematic social media use
No full textProblematic social media use (PSMU) has emerged as a growing concern due to its association with mental health challenges and social functioning difficulties. We investigated the role of attachment anxiety, loneliness (i.e., isolation, relational disconnectedness, and trait loneliness), and death anxiety in PSMU. A sample of 799 adult social media users (412 women, 387 men) aged 18-65 completed a battery of self-report questionnaires and socio-demographic data. A sequential mediation model tested whether loneliness and death anxiety mediated the relationship between attachment anxiety and PSMU, controlling for age and gender. Attachment anxiety was positively associated with PSMU, with this relationship mediated by isolation and relational disconnectedness. Additionally, death anxiety mediated the relationship between attachment anxiety, relational disconnectedness, and PSMU. These findings underscore the significance underlying psychological processes in PSMU, suggesting potential avenues for targeted interventions that address attachment-related insecurities, relational disconnectedness, and existential concerns
The Impact of Sodium Glucose Co-Transporter 2 (SGLT-2) Inhibitors on Atherogenesis: A Systematic Review of Experimental and Clinical Evidence
No full text: Background: Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) have demonstrated significant benefits in cardiovascular outcomes trials, but their effect on atherosclerotic plaques remains unclear. This review aims to summarize the current evidence on the impact of SGLT2i on atherogenesis. Methods: A systematic search was conducted across PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases up to August 2025. Preclinical and clinical studies on the effect of SGLT2i on atherogenesis and atherosclerotic plaque extent and phenotype were included. Results: A total of 27 studies were included. Twenty-four studies examined in vitro and animal models of atherosclerosis exposed to SGLT2i, while three studies focused on the effects of SGLT2i on coronary plaques in patients with ischemic heart disease. SGLT2is modulate atherogenesis through multiple mechanisms: prevention and reversal of endothelial dysfunction, reduction in monocyte recruitment and promotion of anti-inflammatory macrophage polarization. Additionally, SGLT2is reduce inflammation and inhibit vascular calcification. Through these mechanisms, SGLT2is decrease plaque burden in both diabetic and non-diabetic atherosclerosis models. Furthermore, they reduce lipid content and macrophages accumulation while increasing fibrous cap thickness, thereby contributing to plaque stabilization. Conclusions: Preclinical and clinical evidence suggest that SGLT2is modulate every step of the atherogenic process, reduce atherosclerotic burden and promote coronary plaque stabilization
The Excess Polarizability of Single-Stranded DNA Molecules in Solution: A Linear Response Theory in the Polarizable Continuum Model with an Application to Biosensing
No full textThe excess polarizability of a molecular solute describes the interaction energy between a molecular solute and a macroscopic optical field that polarizes the solute itself, as compared to the same interaction process involving solvent molecules. The excess polarizability is involved in the physical mechanism that triggers the signals in the whispering gallery mode (WGM), a biosensing technique (denoted as WGM) for detecting biomolecules. The interpretation of the WGM signals requires information on the excess polarizability of the biomolecule of interest, which, until now, could be obtained from experimental measurements of the refractive index of solutions. Here, we present a quantum chemical theory for determining the excess polarizability using the effective linear response theory in the polarizable continuum model (PCM-eLRT) for solvation. As a proof-of-concept, the PCM-eLRT is applied at the TD-DFT level of electronic structure methodology to the calculation of the excess polarizability of single-stranded DNA molecules constituted up to 14-mer oligonucleotides, showing remarkable agreement with available experimental data
Studio pilota di traduzione in italiano e validazione culturale di uno strumento per valutare il debriefing: il Debriefing Assessment for Simulation in Healthcare (DASH)
No full textBACKGROUND:
Il debriefing rappresenta una componente essenziale del processo di apprendimento esperienziale; pertanto, è fondamentale disporre di strumenti condivisi per valutarne la qualità e fornire un feedback strutturato agli istruttori. Il Debriefing Assessment for Simulation in Healthcare (DASH) è uno strumento progettato per supportare lo sviluppo e la valutazione delle competenze di debriefing.
OBIETTIVO:
Tradurre in italiano e adattare culturalmente gli strumenti Debriefing Assessment for Simulation in Healthcare (DASH).
MATERIALI E METODI:
È stata effettuata la traduzione diretta, la revisione e la retrotraduzione di tutte le schede di valutazione e del Rater’s Handbook – Manuale del DASH. La retrotraduzione è stata esaminata dagli autori originali del DASH e discussa con i traduttori per produrre una traduzione armonizzata approvata.
RISULTATI:
Le schede di punteggio DASH e il Manuale sono stati sottoposti a tre round di revisioni iterative tra i traduttori e il revisore, che si sono incontrati online per raggiungere un linguaggio comune e replicarlo su tutte le schede di punteggio e sul Manuale. Sono state riscontrate un totale di 9 discrepanze tra la retrotraduzione e la versione originale degli strumenti, tutte affrontate dagli autori della versione italiana. Nella retrotraduzione del Manuale non è stata rilevata alcuna discrepanza.
CONCLUSIONI:
Si auspica che l'applicazione del DASH nei contesti appropriati consenta di ottenere risultati positivi, offrendo feedback oggettivi ai debriefer e contribuendo così a migliorare la qualità dei debriefing condotti, con ricadute potenzialmente positive sull'efficacia dei risultati di apprendimento. Ricerche future saranno necessarie per valutare la stabilità nel tempo, la robustezza e l'affidabilità dello strumento nella sua versione italiana.BACKGROUND:
Debriefing is a critical component of the experiential learning process; therefore, it is essential to have shared tools to assess its quality and provide structured feedback to instructors. The Debriefing Assessment for Simulation in Healthcare (DASH) is a tool designed to support the development and evaluation of debriefing skills.
OBJECTIVE:
To translate and culturally adapt the Debriefing Assessment for Simulation in Healthcare (DASH) tools into Italian.
METHODS:
A systematic process was followed, including forward translation, review, and back translation of all scoring forms and the DASH Rater's Handbook. The original DASH authors reviewed the back translation and discussed with the translators to produce a harmonized and approved version.
RESULTS:
The DASH scoring forms and Handbook underwent three iterative revisions between the translators and the reviewer, who met online to achieve consistent language across all scoring forms and the Handbook. Nine discrepancies were identified between the back translation and the original tools, all addressed by the authors of the Italian version. No discrepancies were found in the back translation of the Handbook.
CONCLUSIONS:
Applying the DASH in appropriate contexts is expected to yield positive outcomes, offer objective feedback to debriefers, and improve the quality of conducted debriefings, potentially positively impacting learning outcomes. Future research will be needed to evaluate the tool's long-term stability, robustness, and reliability in its Italian version
Un racconto tra teatro ed educazione. Dalla non-scuola alla scrittura
No full textActing as an introductory framework outlining the rationale behind this special issue, this paper analyzes how pedagogical and theatrical experiences are transformed into collective narrative. Focusing on the authors' encounters with the "non-scuola", it reflects on narrative polyphony and the reactivation of classical drama as tools to foster political and critical awareness in education, promoting agency and plurality. By highlighting students' contributions through collaborative processes of writing and rewriting, the voices of those growing up, along with reflections on the enduring relevance of the classics, become tools for rethinking pedagogy in political terms, in line with philosophical and educational insights
HBIM and Information Management for Knowledge and Conservation of Architectural Heritage: A Review
No full textThis paper presents a comprehensive review of research on Historic Building Information Modeling (HBIM), focusing on its role as a tool for managing knowledge and supporting conservation practices of Architectural Heritage. While previous review articles and most research works have predominantly addressed geometric modeling-given its significant challenges in the context of historic buildings-this study places greater emphasis on the integration of non-geometric data within the BIM environment. A systematic search was conducted in the Scopus database to extract the 451 relevant publications analyzed in this review, covering the period from 2008 to mid-2024. A bibliometric analysis was first performed to identify trends in publication types, geographic distribution, research focuses, and software usage. The main body of the review then explores three core themes in the development of the information system: the definition of model entities, both semantic and geometric; the data enrichment phase, incorporating historical, diagnostic, monitoring and conservation-related information; and finally, data use and sharing, including on-site applications and interoperability. For each topic, the review highlights and discusses the principal approaches documented in the literature, critically evaluating the advantages and limitations of different information management methods with respect to the distinctive features of the building under analysis and the specific objectives of the information model
Use of Sugar Dispensers at Lower Density Can Decrease Mealybug (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) Infestation in Vineyards by Disrupting Ants
No full textVineyard mealybugs (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) are economic pests in vineyards, demanding integrated control strategies. Several ant species can facilitate mealybug infestation by protecting them from natural enemies in a mutualistic relationship known as trophobiosis. In the frame of an ant management system, the provision of sugary liquid has proved worldwide to improve mealybug control. In the present study, a field trial was carried out within an important vineyard cultivation area of northern Italy with the aim of testing a lower density (80/ha) of sugar dispenser to facilitate the practicality of this method. The sugar dispensers tested, along with predators and parasitoid release, were effective in reducing mealybug infestations by 22% and resulted in a double increase in larval density of the predator Cryptolaemus mountrouzieri Mulsant. Mealybug parasitism was in general high, but it was not improved by sugar dispensers at this density. Our field validation confirms the importance of ants in mealybug infestation dynamics, and the benefits of ant management in the context of integrated strategies against mealybugs
Planning intensive care unit admission after elective major abdominal surgery: good clinical practice document by SIAARTI-SIC-ANIARTI
No full textPostoperative complications (PCs) are a major cause of mortality following elective major abdominal surgery (EMAS). The increasing complexity of abdominal procedures, particularly in oncology, may significantly affect patient outcomes. However, this has also introduced a higher variability in postoperative management, and the use of tailored approaches to address critical issues such as hemodynamic stabilization, infection management, and respiratory failure. While elective admission to intensive care units (ICU) is a standard practice to manage high-risk surgical patients, ICU resource allocation is often influenced by local practices and bed availability. This document presents a framework for preoperative ICU admission planning after EMAS. It focuses on the identification of patient and surgical risk factors—using established scoring systems—and provides statements to determine ICU admission. The aim is to optimize resource allocation, reduce PCs, and prevent unplanned ICU admissions. This good clinical practice statement was developed through a multidisciplinary panel formed by selected members coming from SIAARTI (Italian Society of Anesthesia Analgesia Resuscitation and Intensive Care), SIC (Italian Society of Surgery) and ANIARTI (National Association of Critical Area Nurses). The designed scientific board developed, through a systematic literature review and a consensus methodology, a roadmap for defining the priorities of perioperative care based on the complexity of the patient and the surgical procedure. Eventually, the panel worked out statements about six voted queries that could have supported the preoperative indication to postoperative ICU admission. Evaluation of patients’ characteristics, comorbidities, and surgical factors are all essential to plan ICU admission for immediate postoperative patient care after EMAS. The presence and severity of comorbidities, assessed through various severity scores, play a crucial role in predicting PCs and guiding ICU admission decisions. Tools such as the American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status, Charlson Comorbidity Index, and Rockwood Frailty Index, along with surgical risk scores and intraoperative events, help define the need for intensive care. Preoperative frailty assessment—achieved using the Clinical Frailty Scale—is essential to anticipate postoperative care needs. Finally, during the postoperative phase, continuous monitoring and reassessment in the post-anesthesia care unit are key to determine whether ICU admission is required. Establishing high-dependency units and tailored care pathways based on individual patient needs and available resources will enhance patient outcomes and optimize postoperative care