Archivio istituzionale della Ricerca - Università degli Studi di Parma
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La retorica antisemita e l’ἐπανόρθωσις come suo principio
No full textThe focus of this article is on “antisemitism” as a “political language”, as suggested by Gadi Luzzatto Voghera (2024). Benito Mussolini’s 1938 racist and antisemitic speeches (held in Forlì, Trieste and prior to the National Council of National Fascist Party) are now compared for the first time with contemporary antisemitic political language in Italy, especially in the aftermath of the Hamas Attack on the 7 October 2023. A rhetorical linguistic analysis of this uncommon comparison shows that the structure of old antisemitism remains in its new form. The main argument of this article is that the rhetorical figure of the ἐπανόρθωσις can represent the whole antisemitic Mussolinian rhetoric in a symbolic manner, both in its formal and content terms. The Greek word ἐπανόρθωσις, which means “correction” or “improvement”, is a useful tool here to demonstrate how Mussolini gradually developed hateful content in his discourse. Moreover, the ἐπανόρθωσις is morphologically functional to the construction of an enemy and the manipulation of the sense of words in order to achieve set political objectives. Finally, our assumption is that the current political antisemitic language is essentially a worsening of the previous language of Mussolini in 1938, due to the use of digital artifacts that subtly whisper antisemitism, like a whistling for a dog
SYNTHESIS AND CONFORMATIONAL ANALYSIS OF DIGESTION-RESISTANT ALLERGENIC EPITOPES OF ARGININE KINASE FROM THE EDIBLE INSECT HERMETIA ILLUCENS
No full textIL DOVERE DI OSSERVARE LA COSTITUZIONE E LE LEGGI. OSSERVAZIONI A MARGINE DELL’ART. 54 DELLA COSTITUZIONE
No full textImpact of Bulk and Interface Recombination on Wide-Bandgap CGS Solar Cells: Numerical Analysis of CdS and ZTO Buffer Layers
No full textSimulations were conducted to investigate the effects of bulk and interface recombination on the photovoltaic performance of a wide-bandgap CuGaSe2 (CGS) solar cell featuring a standard n-side stack of ZnO:Al/i-ZnO/CdS. The impact of replacing the CdS buffer layer with Zn1-xSnxO (ZTO) was tested for two different Sn compositions, revealing that the optimal composition is Zn0.8Sn0.2O. The performance of CGS solar cells employing the alternative ZTO buffer layer was found to improve compared to that of cells utilizing the traditional CdS buffer layer, under identical conditions of bulk carrier lifetimes in CGS and recombination rates at the buffer/absorber interface
Machine learning and evolutionary computation on e-nose datasets: A preliminary approach to ergot alkaloid detection in wheat
No full textTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first time that an approach based on the use of machine learning (ML) algorithms combined with genetic programming (GP) was used to process small-sample-size e-nose data.
The approach was proposed to classify the volatile compound information of wheat samples based on the contamination of ergot alkaloids, a class of emerging mycotoxins which pose a severe threat to food safety and consumer health. Unlike previous studies that applied convolutional neural networks to full e-nose response profiles, our approach focused on a small set of features extracted from the steady-state region of each response curve. Despite the low dimensionality, using GP to generate optimal features significantly improved the classification performance of several ML models. Different classifiers, including Decision Tree, Linear Discriminant Analysis, the Mahalanobis Distance Classifier, an artificial neural network-based method and ensemble methods were assessed and applied to a dataset of 21 wheat samples. These samples were classified according to their compliance with the EU maximum limit of 150 μg/kg for ergot alkaloids in wheat. The combined application of GP-based feature transformations, specifically using M3GP, and ML classifiers resulted in significant improvements in accuracy, F1 score, precision and recall compared to models trained on untransformed features. These findings highlight the unexplored potential of GP as a powerful tool for feature construction in sensor-based classification tasks for food safety signal processing
Binary superfluids: Low-energy properties and dissipative processes from spontaneous emission of massive phonons
No full textReligious Tourism and the Italian Economy, 1870 -1950. The Development of Catholic Pilgrimages as a Mass Phenomenon
No full textThis book addresses a little-studied area of the history of tourism, religious tourism, and pilgrimage and introduces a comprehensive economic analysis of their development from elite pursuits to a mass phenomenon. Focusing on Rome, Lourdes, and the Holy Land as destinations, the book showcases religious tourism as a key precursory factor in mass tourism in Italy and Europe. Departing from conventional historiographical timeframes, the authors demonstrate that the surge in tourism during the Italian “economic miracle” did not arise ex novo at that time but was part of a longer process of transformation originating prior to the Second World War. Diverse factors are discussed such as the social and economic role of the Catholic Church, its relationship to tourism, revolutions in transport technologies, rising wages, and increasing leisure time. Key questions are explored regarding religious travel (who, when, how) and how it gained momentum in the first half of the twentieth century. Drawing on a wealth of unpublished sources, many from the Vatican Archives, the book uncovers new religious, social, and cross-cultural perspectives and contexts for studying the economic history of tourism
Genomic context analysis enables the discovery of an unusual NAD-dependent racemase in phosphonate catabolism
No full textPhosphonates are organic molecules containing a direct carbon–phosphorus (C–P) bond. They are chemically sturdy compounds that can, however, be degraded by environmental microorganisms. In the frame of bacterial phosphonate catabolism, we recently reported the discovery of (R)-1-hydroxy-2-aminoethylphosphonate ammonia-lyase (PbfA), a lyase acting on the natural compound (R)-2-amino-1-hydroxyethylphosphonate (R-HAEP). PbfA converts R-HAEP into phosphonoacetaldehyde (PAA), which can be subsequently processed and cleaved by further enzymes. However, PbfA is not active toward S-HAEP (the enantiomer of R-HAEP), whose metabolic fate remained unknown. We now describe the identification of a racemase, discovered through genomic context analysis, which converts S-HAEP into R-HAEP, thereby enabling degradation of S-HAEP. We propose for this enzyme the official name 2-amino-1-hydroxyethylphosphonate racemase (shorthand PbfF). To our knowledge, PbfF is the first NAD-dependent racemase ever described and is structurally unrelated to other known NAD-dependent isomerases. The enzyme uses NAD+ as a cofactor, is inhibited by NADH, and shows catalytic parameters comparable to those of other racemases acting on similar substrates. The presence of a pathway for the breakdown of S-HAEP in numerous bacteria suggests that this compound may be more common in the environment than currently appreciated. Notably, the route for S-HAEP degradation appears to have developed through a mechanism of retrograde metabolic evolution
