Archivio istituzionale della Ricerca - Università degli Studi di Parma
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Posthospitalization COVID-19 cognitive deficits at 1 year are global and associated with elevated brain injury markers and gray matter volume reduction
No full textThe spectrum, pathophysiology and recovery trajectory of persistent post-COVID-19 cognitive deficits are unknown, limiting our ability to develop prevention and treatment strategies. We report the 1-year cognitive, serum biomarker and neuroimaging findings from a prospective, national study of cognition in 351 COVID-19 patients who required hospitalization, compared with 2,927 normative matched controls. Cognitive deficits were global, associated with elevated brain injury markers and reduced anterior cingulate cortex volume 1 year after COVID-19. Severity of the initial infective insult, postacute psychiatric symptoms and a history of encephalopathy were associated with the greatest deficits. There was strong concordance between subjective and objective cognitive deficits. Longitudinal follow-up in 106 patients demonstrated a trend toward recovery. Together, these findings support the hypothesis that brain injury in moderate to severe COVID-19 may be immune-mediated, and should guide the development of therapeutic strategies
Upgrading Existing Façades by Integrating Seismic Interventions with Vertical Green Solutions. The Undergoing Project at the University of Parma
No full textUpgrading existing buildings to enhance seismic safety and provide climate adaptation presents significant challenges both today and in the near future. The issue of how to effectively integrate seismic interventions with sustainable solutions to improve the microclimatic performance of existing buildings remains largely underestimated. The present study investigates the role of various vegetated green solutions applied to the metallic framework utilized for seismic enhancements at the teaching headquarters of the Department of Engineering and Architecture at the University of Parma. In this context, in addition to the essential seismic interventions aimed at improving the building’s earthquake resistance, a microclimatic assessment has been conducted, focusing on green solutions, orientations, and stages of plant growth. The paper aims to examine the extent to which three distinct green solutions can be implemented during the installation phase of seismic measures to provide shade for the building envelope and enhance outdoor thermal comfort near green façades. These solutions include a green wall supported by vertical metal mesh anchored to the existing façades, a green-covered wooden pergola aligned with the St. Andrew’s cross bracings, and a green wall that grows directly on the existing walls. Each solution, which must avoid interfering with the metal framework, has been climatically evaluated using ENVI-met in both current and projected future scenarios, taking into account the Leaf Area Index (LAI) of Parthenocissus tricuspidata. The findings indicate that incorporating vegetation into seismic structures from the initial stages can provide significant cooling benefits by lowering the Mean Radiant Temperature and the Universal Thermal Climate Index, depending on orientation, leaf density, and outdoor temperature
Expérimentalisme historique et prérogative de l’humanité comme fin. Axel Honneth et Hermann Cohen sur « L’idée du socialisme »
No full textInsight into quality features of bread from optimized wheat-chickpea dough: from macroscopic to molecular properties
No full textChickpea flour represents a valuable raw material to enrich wheat flour bread; however, its incorporation negatively affects breadmaking performance. The kneading conditions of wheat flour bread enriched with chickpea flour were optimized to obtain acceptable bread specific volume according to the literature (3.1 cm3 g−1). Two optimized kneading conditions were selected: i) Minimizing kneading time (A) and, ii) Minimizing water amount (B). Then, the effect of (i) Chickpea flour incorporation (0, 10, 20, 30 % w/w flour), and (ii) Kneading conditions (A, B) was investigated on bread macroscopic and molecular properties. Multivariate analyses allowed to identify the response variables mostly affected by independent variables, and ANOVA was performed on these parameters. All chickpea enriched samples showed acceptable bread specific volume, and the same crumb porosity as the wheat flour bread. Crumb texture similar to the control sample was obtained up to 20 % chickpea flour substitution, and with kneading condition A. 1H NMR results revealed significant differences as a function of chickpea flour substitution level, and kneading condition A had molecular profile more similar to the control sample. The kneading conditions showed a critical role in optimizing the quality of composite bread, and the minimization of kneading time (A) produced the best results. The optimization of processing parameters should be further investigated to increase the use of alternative flours and improve the process control
Childhood trauma and eating disorder risk among young adult females: The mediating role of mentalization
No full textEating disorders (EDs) are particularly prevalent among young adult females. Previous research has shown that childhood trauma and reduced mentalizing abilities are involved in ED symptoms. The current study was aimed at testing the mediating effects of failures in mentalizing on the relationship between childhood trauma and ED risk among young adult females. The sample consisted of 409 Caucasian young adult females, aged between 18 and 30 years old (M = 23.45, SD = 2.76). The reported mean body mass index was within the normal range (M = 22.62; SD = 4.35). Self-report instruments were administered to assess the variables of interest. Structural equation modeling revealed that childhood trauma predicted increased failures in mentalizing (β =.36) and ED risk (β =.30), that failures in mentalizing predicted an increased ED risk (β =.35), and that the positive association between childhood trauma and ED risk was partially mediated by failures in mentalizing (indirect effect: β =.13). These findings suggest that ED symptoms might result from unprocessed and painful feelings embedded in child abuse and neglect. Clinical interventions focused at improving mentalizing abilities might reduce the ED risk among young adult females who have been exposed to childhood trauma