Archivio istituzionale della Ricerca - Università degli Studi di Parma
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Im Spannungsfeld zwischen Geist und Leben: Hermann Cohen über die Unsterblichkeit der Seele
No full textSotto il titolo “Nel campo di tensioni tra spirito e vita. Hermann Cohen sull'immortalità dell'anima”, vorrei semplicemente provare a far risaltare alcuni tratti di fondo di quanto Cohen espone in forma assai complessa nel capitolo 15 della ‘Religione della ragione’. Questo capitolo, sebbene relativamente poco studiato, non solo è il più esteso dell'intera opera, ma occupa anche una posizione particolarmente importante all'interno della sua architettura, in quanto conclude la parte fondativa dell'opus postumum. Se in questo senso, dunque, tale capitolo risulta essere una sorta di sintesi conclusiva, in realtà si tratta di una sintesi che nasconde una profonda inquietudine e tensione, che la rende in qualche modo una sintesi aperta. Le tensioni che vorrei sottolineare riguardano la natura e lo statuto dell'anima stessa: Si tratta di tensioni che vengono fatte emergere e generate dall'adozione della prospettiva dell'immortalità, che funge dunque in questo senso da reagente. Le tensioni che permeano l'anima e che dovrebbero trovare un equilibrio in essa, ma che anche la lacerano - nella costante oscillazione tra idealizzazione e preoccupazione di preservare le condizioni primarie di ogni astrazione - sono, come suggerisce il titolo, le tensioni tra vita e spirito. Per esaminarle più da vicino, il saggio è suddiviso nei seguenti passaggi: “Anima di ogni vivente”; La spiritualizzazione e la sua ombra; Lo slancio: un interludio; Cambio di prospettiva: la vita fisiologica; Nel legame della vita: mondo a venire e tempo a venire.Unter dem Titel „Im Spannungsfeld zwischen Geist und Leben. Hermann Cohen über die Unsterblichkeit der Seele“ möchte ich lediglich versuchen, einige Grundzüge der recht komplexen Ausführungen Cohens in Kapitel 15 der "Religion der Vernunft" zu erläutern. Dieses Kapitel, obwohl relativ wenig erforscht, ist nicht nur das umfangreichste des gesamten Werkes, sondern nimmt auch innerhalb seiner Architektur eine besonders wichtige Stellung ein, da es den grundlegenden Teil des opus postumum abschließt. Mag dieses Kapitel also als eine Art abschließende Synthese erscheinen, so ist es doch eine Synthese, der eine tiefe Unruhe und Spannung innewohnen, die sie in gewisser Weise zu einer offenen Synthese machen. Die Spannungen, die ich hervorheben möchte, betreffen das Wesen und den Zustand der Seele selbst: Es sind Spannungen, die durch die Einnahme der Unsterblichkeitsperspektive wie durch ein Reaktionsmittel hervorgerufen und erzeugt werden. Die Spannungen, von denen die Seele durchdrungen ist und die in ihr einen Ausgleich finden sollen, die sie aber auch zerreißen - im ständigen Schwanken zwischen Idealisierung und der Sorge um die Bewahrung der Urbedingungen aller Abstraktion -, sind, wie der Titel schon andeutet, die Spannungen zwischen Leben und Geist. Um sie näher zu untersuchen, gliedert sich der Beitrag in folgende Schritte: „Seele alles Lebendigen“; Vergeistigung und ihr Schatten; Aufschwung: Ein Zwischenspiel; Perspektivenwechsel: Physiologisches Leben; Im Gebinde des Lebens: Künftige Welt und künftige Zeit
Double helicene possessing B-N dative bonds built on 1,4-dihydropyrrolo[3,2-b]pyrrole core
No full textJust four steps are required to transform 2-nitrobenzaldehyde into centrosymmetric, quadrupolar N,B-doped nanographenes possessing two nitrogen-boron dative bonds. A convergent fragment coupling strategy allowed rapid access to key intermediates bearing the 1,4-dihydropyrrolo[3,2-b]pyrrole core. 2,6-Di-tert-butylpyridine turned out to be the best base for the formation of B←N bonds. This synthetic strategy can be extended to encompass double helicenes possessing two [7]helicene units bearing four five-membered rings. The size of the peripheral arm influences the reaction output: in the case of replacing benzene with dibenzothiophene, the yield decreases from 75% to 16%. Interestingly only two enantiomers and not meso form are formed in the latter case. The obtained double helicene containing 14 fused rings, exhibits green emission characterized by reasonable fluorescence quantum yield reaching 0.38. This dye has average circularly polarized luminescence brightness (BCPL) of about 15 M−1cm−1. The analysis of the electronic structure of the dyes with quantum chemical methods reveals highly-delocalized excited states with the core of the dye acting as a electron-donating moiety
Supersymmetric Localization and Nonconformal N=2 Supersymmetric Yang-Mills Theories in the Perturbative Regime
No full text: We examine the relation between supersymmetric localization on S^{4} and standard QFT results for nonconformal theories in flat space. Specifically, we consider 1/2 BPS circular Wilson loops in four-dimensional SU(N) N=2 supersonic Yang-Mills theories with massless hypermultiplets in an arbitrary representation R such that the β function is nonvanishing. On S^{4}, localization maps this observable into an interacting matrix model. Despite broken conformal symmetry at the quantum level, we show that within a specific regime of validity the matrix model predictions are consistent with perturbation theory in flat space up to order g^{6}. At this order, the reorganization of Feynman diagrams based on the matrix model potential, which has been widely tested in conformal models, also applies in nonconformal setups and is realized, in perturbative field theory, through highly nontrivial interference mechanisms
Similar Hepatitis B virus reactivation risk for patients with inflammatory arthritis or connective tissue diseases: a multicenter retrospective study
No full textIntroduction: Hepatitis B reactivation and administration of prophylactic antiviral treatment are considered in patients with autoimmune inflammatory rheumatic diseases (AIIRD) undergoing immunosuppressive/immunomodulatory treatment. Data are more robust for rheumatoid arthritis patients receiving bDMARDs but are limited for other AIIRD and drug categories. Methods: Adult patients with AIIRD (inflammatory arthritis [IA] or connective tissue diseases [CTD]) and documented chronic or resolved HBV infection (defined as serum HBsAg positivity or anti-HBcAb positivity in the case of HBsAg non-detection respectively), followed-up in six rheumatology centers in Greece and Italy, were included. Data collected included demographic characteristics, AIIRD medications prior and after HBV screening [cs-DMARDs, (b-ts)- DMARDs, other immunosuppressants initiated and mean glucocorticoid dose], HBV prophylactic treatment, and possible HBV-reactivation (defined as increase in HBV-DNA or HBsAg seroconversion) within one year of HBV screening. Frequency of HBV reactivation and possible association with recorded parameters were examined. Results: During one year of follow-up, HBV reactivation occurred in 5.6% and 7.9% of IA and CTD patients, respectively. In patients with chronic hepatitis B, reactivation rates were 14.8% for IA and 22.2% for CTD, while in patients with resolved hepatitis B were 3.7% and 6%, respectively. In patients with resolved hepatitis B no association was found between HBV reactivation and antiviral prophylactic treatment, or the use of csDMARDs, bDMARDS, or other immunosuppressants. Conclusion: The risk of HBV reactivation was similar between IA and CTD patients and was significantly higher in chronic compared to resolved hepatitis B infection. For the latter, prophylactic treatment was not associated with lower reactivation risk
The role of digitalization in startups: A keyword-based literature review
No full textThe present study investigates the role of digitalization in the growth and success of startups. Using a keyword-based literature analysis methodology, this research identifies and classifies concepts through the use of the dimensions of persistence and frequency. The main concepts located in the first quadrant include Industry 4.0 technologies such as artificial intelligence, big data, and digital platforms, which are crucial for the growth and competitiveness of startups. Trendy concepts in the fourth quadrant highlight the impact of COVID-19 on digital startups, emphasizing their adaptability and resilience. Intermittent concepts in the second quadrant address the discontinuous but relevant use of digital technologies, while emerging concepts in the third quadrant focus on strategic data management and innovation. The results of the study offer a comprehensive view of the role of digital technologies in shaping the business models of startups, providing valuable insights for entrepreneurs, policymakers, and researchers to foster the digital startup ecosystem
First Molecular Detection of Toxoplasma gondii DNA in Blood and Milk of Goats from Algeria
No full textToxoplasmosis is one of the most important foodborne diseases in humans, potentially acquired by ingesting unpasteurized goat milk. This study examined the role of goat milk as a source of infection of Toxoplasma gondii for humans in Algeria. Sera, blood, and milk samples collected from 106 female goats were tested for the presence of antibodies against T. gondii and its DNA, using indirect ELISA and PCR, respectively. Multiplex PCR was performed using 15 microsatellite markers to determine the clonal type of the T. gondii DNA detected. Seropositive results were found in 51 she-goats (48.11%). T. gondii DNA was detected in 16 (15.09%) and 15 (14.15%) blood and milk samples, respectively. In total, 15 (29.41%) out of 51-seropositive goats were PCR-positive for blood, while only 6 of them (6/15, 40%) showed the presence of T. gondii DNA in their milk. A fair correlation was found between indirect ELISA and PCR assays for T. gondii detection in milk (K = 0.2243) and blood (K = 0.28300), with a substantial difference in the screening ability of the tests (G2 = 38.96, p < 0.0001). The genotyping of samples could not be completed, but showed the absence of type I and type III lineages in goats from the Mila region, northeastern Algeria. The Algerian goat population is highly exposed to T. gondii, with a potentially increased risk of parasite transmission to humans via milk consumption
Unveiling tablet structural changes: A micro computed tomography analysis of aqueous coating effects
No full textTablet coating with aqueous solvents represents a well-established environmentally sustainable alternative to coatings based on organic solvents. However, this practice requires a careful evaluation of potential quality issues, such as increased porosity and crack formation stemming from possible tablet components interaction with water. In this work, a preliminary study on the compression of quaternary mixtures of one model drug and three common excipients was performed to investigate the behaviour of the mixtures and the relevant components during compression. Obtained tablets were coated with a hypromellose aqueous solution followed by an enteric coating with a poly(methyl acrylate-co-methyl methacrylate-co-methacrylic acid) dispersion. At each step, tablet porosity was measured by X-Ray microcomputed tomography (X mu CT). X mu CT evidenced significant changes in the structure of some tablets upon coating. The mechanical characteristics of the mixture components play a crucial role in the observed porosity increase (up to 12%) after the coating. Materials with remarkable plastic densification upon compression afforded higher structural changes with swelling and cracking formation. X mu CT has proven to be an essential technique for identifying morphological changes that could compromise the quality of the tablets
Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Analysis Reveals Exercise-Induced Transcriptional Dynamics in Half-Marathon Runners
No full textPrevious studies in sports science suggested that regular exercise has a positive impact on human health. However, the effects of endurance sports and their underlying mechanisms are still not completely understood. One of the main debates regards the modulation of immune dynamics in high-intensity exercise. As part of the "Run 4 Science" project in Verona, Italy, we conducted a single-cell RNA sequencing analysis on half-marathon amateur runners to investigate the transcriptional dynamics of peripheral blood mononuclear cells following endurance exercise. Blood samples were collected from four participants before and after running a half-marathon to carry out a comprehensive transcriptomic analysis of immune cells at the single-cell level. Our analysis revealed significant alterations in the transcriptional profiles following endurance physical exercise. Modulations in myeloid cells suggested the activation of stress response (6 related pathways, p < 0.04) and pathways related to viral processes (4 related pathways, p < 0.03), while in lymphoid cells they hinted to a shift towards immune activation (24 related pathways, p < 0.01). Additionally, transcriptional changes in platelets point to an activation of the coagulation process (5 related pathways, p < 0.005). Single-cell data was also analyzed following a pseudo-bulk approach (i.e., simulating a bulk RNAseq experiment) to gain further biological insights. Our findings suggest that a pseudo-bulk analysis could offer complementary findings to classical single-cell analysis methods and demonstrate that endurance physical exercise, such as running a half-marathon, induces substantial changes in the transcriptional dynamics of immune cells. These insights contribute to a better understanding of the immune modulation mediated by endurance exercise and may inform future training routines or nutritional guidelines based on individual gene expression levels
Dynamically crosslinked polyethylene-like materials with reversible self-reporting properties
No full textIn alignment with circular economy principles, we have developed a reprocessable, self-reporting thermoset based on polyethylene. The self-reporting feature is achieved using a mechanophore as the crosslinking agent, which reversibly responds to applied stress while being quenched by thermal stimuli. This same heat trigger also facilitates the material's self-healing capability, ensuring efficient recovery and reusability. The chosen mechanophore is rhodamine, a widely recognized fluorescent dye known for its excellent stability, high absorption coefficient, and long-wavelength absorption and emission. For the covalent reversible bonds, we employ silylether exchange chemistry, as it enables the incorporation of crosslinker units without necessitating modifications to the polymer backbone