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Do investments in CSR activities enhance financial performance for politically connected firms? Evidence from France
No full textFNEGE 4, ABS 2International audiencePurpose - This study aims to examine the effect of corporate social responsibility (CSR) on financial performance (FP) and how this relationship is affected by firms’ political connections. Design/methodology/approach - The authors use a sample of French companies listed on the SBF 120 index over the period 2011–2023. To mitigate endogeneity concerns, the authors apply the System Generalized Method of Moments. Findings - The results show that for firms without political connections, the FP is positively influenced by a strong commitment to social responsibility. This suggests that stronger FP can be achieved through better CSR performance. However, for firms with political connections, this relationship becomes negative, indicating that political ties may hinder the benefits of CSR on FP. Originality/value - The key contribution of this paper is the investigation of the effects of political connection on the link between CSR engagement and FP in the French context
2024 VCP International Conference: Exploring multi-disciplinary approaches from basic science of valosin containing protein, an AAA+ ATPase protein, to the therapeutic advancement for VCP-associated multisystem proteinopathy
No full textInternational audienceValosin-containing protein (VCP/p97) is a ubiquitously expressed AAA+ ATPase associated with numerous protein-protein interactions and critical cellular functions including protein degradation and clearance, mitochondrial homeostasis, DNA repair and replication, cell cycle regulation, endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation, and lysosomal functions including autophagy and apoptosis. Autosomal-dominant missense mutations in the VCP gene may result in VCP-associated multisystem proteinopathy (VCP-MSP), a rare degenerative disorder linked to heterogeneous phenotypes including inclusion body myopathy (IBM) with Paget's disease of bone (PDB) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) or IBMPFD, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Alzheimer's disease (AD), parkinsonism, Charcot-Marie Tooth disease (CMT), and spastic paraplegia. The complexity of VCP-MSP makes collaboration among stakeholders essential and necessitates a multi-disciplinary approach. The 2024 VCP International Conference was hosted at Caltech between February 22 and 25. Co-organized by Cure VCP Disease and Dr. Tsui-Fen Chou, the meeting aimed to center the patient as a research partner, harmonize diverse stakeholder engagement, and bridge the gap between basic and clinical neuroscience as it relates to VCP-MSP. Over 100 multi-disciplinary experts attended, ranging from basic scientists to clinicians to patient advocates. Attendees discussed genetics and clinical presentation, cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying disease, therapeutic approaches, and strategies for future VCP research. The conference included three roundtable discussions, 29 scientific presentations, 32 scientific posters, nine patient and caregiver posters, and a closing discussion forum. The following conference proceedings summarize these sessions, highlighting both the identified gaps in knowledge and the significant strides made towards understanding and treating VCP diseases
L’empire de la visualisation de données : du décloisonnement à la mise en chiffre de l’administration
No full textInternational audienc
Quantitative insights into the efficacy of genome-resolved surveys of microbial communities through ribosomal protein phylogeography and EcoPhylo
No full textAbstract The increasing availability of microbial genomes is essential to gain insights into microbial ecology and evolution that can propel biotechnological and biomedical advances. Recent advances in genome recovery have significantly expanded the catalogue of microbial genomes from diverse habitats. However, the ability to explain how well a set of genomes account for the diversity in a given environment remains challenging for individual studies or biome-specific databases. Here we present EcoPhylo, a computational workflow to characterize the phylogeography of any gene family through integrated analyses of genomes and metagenomes, and apply this approach to ribosomal proteins to quantify phylogeny-aware genome recovery rates in two genome-resolved investigations of the human gut and oral cavity. Our results demonstrate that EcoPhylo reveals highly resolved, reference-free, multi-domain phylogenies in conjunction with distribution patterns of individual clades across environments, providing a means to assess genome recovery in individual studies and benchmark genome collections
Digital upskilling and industry 4.0: examining affordances for sustainable workforce upskilling in SMEs
No full textFNEGE 4, ABS 2International audienceThe growing incorporation of Industry 4.0 (I4.0) technologies has intensified the demand for digital upskilling among manufacturing industry engineers in SMEs. Digital Learning 4.0 Systems (DL4.0s) provide sustainable training solutions, yet their effective utilization remains insufficiently explored. This study uses motivational affordance theory combined with basic human needs frameworks to explore how motivational, environmental, and social affordances shape the adoption of DL4.0s and influence knowledge transferability. A time lagged three-wave study collected data from 302 industry engineers in southern and western European SMEs, and the dataset was evaluated using PLS-SEM. Results indicate that: a) educational affordance and I4.0 technological competence (motivational affordances), support affordance (environmental affordance), and social affordance positively influence DL4.0s use, while privacy affordance has a negative effect; b) DL4.0s use significantly enhances knowledge transferability; and c) web experience moderates the relationship between educational and I4.0 technological competence affordances and DL4.0s use. The findings offer relevant considerations for SME leaders and policy stakeholders aiming to expand digital training access, promote adaptive skills development, and sustain organizational learning in evolving technological contexts
L’impossible travail de conduite. Tenir les volontaires d’un dispositif d’insertion « d’inspiration militaire »
No full textInternational audienceThe Établissement public pour l’insertion dans l’emploi (EPIDE) accepts nearly four thousand “integration volunteers” every year. Based on a study of one of its centres, this article examines the hybridisation of a “military-inspired” discipline with more contemporary forms of social work. What does institutional hybridisation mean for the authority of its field workers? These staff members, mostly male and often with a military background, implement a daily routine inspired by life in the barracks. This routine aims to provide social salvation to underprivileged youths without resources. Through the “supervision of behaviour”, defined as the articulation of close relationships with the exercise of vertical authority, the agents undertake a moral transformation of volunteers towards the working classes.L’Établissement public pour l’insertion dans l’emploi (EPIDE) accueille chaque année près de quatre mille « volontaires à l’insertion ». Depuis l’enquête d’un de ses centres, l’article interroge l’hybridation d’une discipline « d’inspiration militaire » avec des formes plus contemporaines de travail social. Que fait l’hybridation institutionnelle au travail d’autorité de ses agents de terrain ? Ces personnels, majoritairement masculins et souvent issus d’une carrière militaire, mettent en œuvre un quotidien inspiré de la vie de caserne supposé permettre le salut social d’une jeunesse populaire sans ressource. Par un travail de conduite, défini comme l’articulation de relations de proximité avec l’exercice d’une autorité verticale, les agents entreprennent une transformation morale des volontaires vers les classes laborieuses
Des administrations de papiers en mouvement : de l'archivistique à la sociologie d'une institution vécue
No full textInternational audienceCommunication sur les usages répétés des documents au sein de l'établissement, pour son fonctionnement régulier comme administration et pour sa publicité reposant sur une narration historique légitime, et les organisations archivistiques changeantes et conséquentes des papiers du XVIIIe au XXe siècle
Financer les entreprises : une affaire d’État ? Émergence et financiarisation du financement public pour les petites et moyennes entreprises
No full textContemporary economic policies have become increasingly reliant on lending and guarantee instruments managed by public banks. Does this trend signal a return of the state, or rather the financialisation of public action? This article explores the long-term institutional transformations of public SME financing in France, analysing the evolving roles of finance, businesses, and the state. Drawing on historical institutionalism and the political economy of financialisation, it examines both the creation and the gradual financialisation of the institutional arrangement governing public SME financing. Based on extensive sources -108 archive boxes, additional historical materials, and ten semi-structured interviews -the study traces the emergence of a financialised institutional arrangement that has underpinned French economic policy since the late 1990s. Initially centred on public guarantees developed in the interwar period, the introduction of public loans in the 1980s produced a fragile arrangement that ultimately facilitated financialisation through the integration of financial devices and actors. This historical trajectory helps explain the recent conjunction of renewed public intervention and the consolidation of financialisation dynamics.Les politiques économiques contemporaines reposent de plus en plus sur des instruments de prêt et de garantie gérés par les banques publiques. Cette tendance marque-t-elle un retour de l'État ou la financiarisation de l'action publique ? Cet article explore les transformations institutionnelles à long terme du financement public des PME en France, en analysant l'évolution des rôles respectifs des acteurs financiers, des entreprises et de l'État. S'appuyant sur l'institutionnalisme historique et l'économie politique de la financiarisation, il examine à la fois la création et la financiarisation progressive de l'arrangement institutionnel régissant le financement public des PME. Basée sur des sources complètes (108 boîtes d'archives, des documents historiques supplémentaires et dix entretiens semi-structurés), l'étude retrace l'émergence d'un arrangement institutionnel financiarisé qui sous-tend la politique économique française depuis la fin des années 1990. Initialement centré autour des garanties publiques développées dans l'entre-deux-guerres, l'introduction des prêts publics dans les années 1980 a donné lieu à un arrangement fragile, qui a finalement facilité la financiarisation par l'intégration de dispositifs et d'acteurs financiers. Cette trajectoire historique permet d'expliquer le double-mouvement récent, entre renouveau de l'intervention publique et persévérance de la dynamique de financiarisation
A Novel Dual-Modeling Framework for Precision Control of Servovalve Electrohydraulic Actuators
No full textInternational audienceElectrohydraulic actuators (EHAs) are increasingly used in robotics because of their superior power density, bandwidth, and force control. However, accurately modeling their behavior is challenging due to the complex internal dynamics of the servovalve. This paper presents a dualmodelling methodology for a symmetric double-acting cylinder. First is a nonlinear mathematical model derived from fluid continuity, orifice flow, and Newton's motion equations (including a hard-stop spring-damper to emulate end caps). The second is a component-level simscape implementation that mirrors the hardware architecture. The initial parameters were obtained from direct measurements of a dismantled servovalve and manufacturer datasheets. The remaining eleven unknowns were identified via nonlinear least-squares optimization using the Trust-Region Reflective algorithm against experimental sinusoidal displacement data. Beyond regular validation with piston displacement, multi-metric validation of both models behavior verified their ability to track sinusoidal inputs in displacement, and also the expected chamber pressure dynamics. This rigorously validated dual-model framework provides analytical clarity and high-fidelity simulation for designing precise position, force, and compliant controllers for EHAs, enabling safe human-robot interaction