19237 research outputs found

    Physics-Informed Hybrid Modeling of Pneumatic Artificial Muscles

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    International audiencePneumatic Artificial Muscles (PAMs) are complex nonlinear systems characterized by hysteresis, making them challenging to model with classical system identification methods. While deep learning has emerged as a powerful tool for modeling nonlinear systems from data, purely neural network-based models often lack interpretability and are prone to overfitting. To address these challenges, this study explores several hybrid approaches that combine analytical models withneural networks to model PAM behavior more effectively. The results demonstrate that hybrid models significantly outperform both purely analytical and black-box neural network models,particularly in terms of generalization and dynamic accuracy.Among the approaches, the Physics-Informed Neural Network (PINN) unsupervised model shows the most robust performance, capturing complex PAM dynamics while maintaining computational efficiency. These findings suggest that hybrid modeling is a promising and scalable solution for accurately representing the intricate behavior of PAMs

    Les archives numériques : des obligations légales aux négociations pratiques (années 1990 – 2000)

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    International audienceLes établissements de santé sont soumis au contrôle scientifique et technique (CST) de l’Etat sur les administrations défini par le Code du Patrimoine concernant les archives publiques : tous les document ou donnée relevant de l’activité de l’hôpital, et ce dès sa production. Au sein de l’hôpital, l’archiviste et la·e médecin DIM gèrent les archives courantes et intermédiaires sous la supervision des Archives départementales chargée du CST puis de l’archivage définitif. Cette chaîne archivistique comprend hiérarchies et contraintes, collaborations et négociations, réalités hospitalières et archivistiques ; une « vie sociale » des données (Kreplak, Potin, 2022) au milieu desquelles se décident la production, la gestion et la conservation des archives numériques. En théorie archivistique, la qualité numérique des données change peu la définition légale des archives : un document original donc probant. En pratique, pour l’administration, la médecine, et l’archivistique, les archives numériques exigent des analyses et gestes spécifiques : système d’archivage électronique normé, dématérialisation de papier, surabondance des copies numériques notamment pour l’imagerie médicale, nouvelles contraintes matérielles de sauvegarde et de sécurité, description et indexation particulières sur les serveurs, etc. La communication revient sur le processus de codification des archives médicales numériques, développé en tension entre enjeux éthiques, scientifiques et juridiques, et croise ce panorama historique réglementaire avec l’exemple d’un établissement psychiatrique de région parisienne depuis la transition informatique de ses services jusqu’à l’activité numérique contemporaine.https://www.mshparisnord.fr/event/seminaire-sante-numerique-2/2025-03-13/</p

    Genome-wide association for agro-morphological traits in a triploid banana population with large chromosome rearrangements

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    All phenotypic and genotypic data underlying this study are available from the following CIRAD Dataverse repository: https://doi.org/10.18167/DVN1/FTM7GC, including the vcf file ‘Genotyping_1129hybrids_200Ksnps.vcf.gz’, the pedigree information and BLUPs for all traits in ‘Phenotyping_2727hybrids_24traits.tsv’, and GWAS summary statistics for the K and Kc in archives ‘GWAS_summary_stats_K_model.tar.gz’ and ‘GWAS_summary_stats_Kc_model.tar.gz’, respectively. The vcf file is also available on the exploration and visualization tool Gigwa: https://gigwa.cgiar.org/gigwa/?module=GWAS_agromorphotraits. The Illumina data of the progenies are available in the SRA database (PRJNA1106767).International audienceBanana breeding is hampered by the very low fertility of domesticated bananas and the lack of knowledge about the genetic determinism of agronomic traits. We analysed a breeding population of 2723 triploid hybrids resulting from crosses between diploid and tetraploid Musa acuminata parents, which was evaluated over three successive crop cycles for 24 traits relating to yield components and plant, bunch, and fruit architectures. A subset of 1129 individuals was genotyped by sequencing, revealing 205 612 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Most parents were heterozygous for one or several large reciprocal chromosomal translocations, which are known to impact recombination and chromosomal segregation. We applied two linear mixed models to detect associations between markers and traits: (i) a standard model with a kinship calculated using all SNPs and (ii) a model with chromosome-specific kinships that aims at recovering statistical power at alleles carried by long non-recombined haplotypic segments. For 23 of the 24 traits, we identified one to five significant quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for which the origin of favourable alleles could often be determined amongst the main ancestral contributors to banana cultivars. Several QTLs, located in the rearranged regions, were only detected using the second model. The resulting QTL landscape represents an important resource to support breeding programmes. The proposed strategy for recovering power at SNPs carried by long non-recombined rearranged haplotypic segments is an important methodological advance for future association studies in banana and other species affected by chromosomal rearrangements

    Présentation juridique de l'AI Act : un texte aux ambitions multiples

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    International audienceL'Union européenne (UE) s'est, la première, dotée d'une réglementation d'ampleur sur l'intelligence artificielle (IA). Les effets espérés sont à la hauteur de sa longueur : infinis ! Cent quarante-quatre pages pour décrire ce nouveau droit qui essaimera sans doute au-delà des frontières européennes.Le règlement, entré en vigueur en août dernier, répond ainsi à de multiples ambitions : réguler, innover, inspirer... Il a fallu batailler, convaincre, se fâcher parfois. Le résultat n'est pas parfait mais le texte a le mérite d'exister et de s'engager dans la voie d'un encadrement assumé pour un usage éthique de l'IA.</p

    Le numérique au défi des limites planétaires

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    International audienc

    La prévention des discriminations dans la fonction publique

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    International audienceSommaireLes dispositifs transversaux de prévention des discriminationsLes dispositifs ciblés de prévention des discriminationsLa prévention des discriminations à raison du sexe ou du genreLa prévention des discriminations à raison du handicap</p

    Femmes en informatique : les conditions du maintien d'un monopole masculin sur les professions de prestige dans le secteur de la Tech

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    International audienceCe colloque propose d'analyser les effets induits par l’usage croissant des dispositifs numériques et des nouvelles technologies sur les structures de l’emploi, les organisations du travail, les conditions de travail, ainsi que sur son articulation avec la vie privée

    Cognitive testings on a touch-screen tablet for older adults: A feasibility study

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    International audienceDigital tools are currently being developed to help with the diagnosis of neurocognitive disorder (NCD). Their use in primary care as screening tools could optimize referral to specialized teams. We aimed to develop a simple, easy-to-use neurocognitive screening tool on a touchscreen tablet to distinguish between people with major NCD, those with mild NCD and those with no NCD. We hypothesize that, depending on cognitive impairment, differences in correct responses and response times differ significantly

    Biodiversity Genomic Data Management an IFB Initiative

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    International audienceBiodiversity encompasses all living organisms, the ecosystems they inhabit, and the intricate interactions among species and with their environment. Biodiversity observatories, positioned at the interface of a given ecosystem, are crucial for assessing biodiversity. Beyond their direct role in conservation, these observatories enhance coordination and facilitate knowledge exchange among diverse institutions and the scientific community. Within the IFB, PNDB biodiversity community, and the PIA MUDILS4LS IS2's marine genomics data management initiative, we aim to establish FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable) data management recommendations. Our initial focus is an enhanced genomic observatory for marine biodiversity

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