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What is alternative finance? (Re)defining the French equity crowdfunding organizational field
No full textInternational audienc
Encounter Complex of Adenine with Carboplatin and Oxaliplatin Anticancer Drugs Elucidated by IRMPD Spectroscopy and Theoretical Study
No full textInternational audienceIonic complexes containing the nucleobase adenine and either carboplatin (CarboPt) or oxaliplatin (OxaliPt), were generated in solution and subsequently studied in the gas phase by combining tandem mass spectrometry, infrared multiple photon dissociation (IRMPD) spectroscopy and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The protonated complexes of general formula [Pt drug+H+adenine]+ were first analyzed by collision induced dissociation (CID). Their CID mass spectra show only one fragment corresponding to the loss of neutral adenine. The structure of these complexes was elucidated by comparing their IRMPD spectra recorded in the fingerprint and H-X stretching ranges, with DFT-calculated IR spectra. Unexpectedly, the IRMPD spectra of both complexes are not consistent with the calculated vibrational spectra of structures characterized by direct platinum-adenine coordination. All spectroscopic evidences suggest that each sampled [Pt drug+H+adenine]+ ion population comprises multiple proton-bound complexes stabilized by hydrogen bonds between the drug carboxylate groups and protonated adenine. Interestingly, while calculations support an external binding scheme in protonated adenine-oxaliplatin complexes, conversely in the case of carboplatin a direct monodentate interaction of Pt with either N1, N3 or N7 positions of adenine turns out to be energetically favored. This study adds further evidence on the intrinsic lower affinity of platinum for adenine relative to guanine
MMnc: multi-modal interpretable representation for non-coding RNA classification and class annotation
No full textInternational audienceMotivation. As the biological roles and disease implications of non-coding RNAs continue to emerge, the need to thoroughly characterize previously unexplored non-coding RNAs becomes increasingly urgent. These molecules hold potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets. However, the vast and complex nature of non-coding RNAs data presents a challenge. We introduce MMnc, an interpretable deep-learning approach designed to classify non-coding RNAs into functional groups. MMnc leverages multiple data sources—such as the sequence, secondary structure, and expression—using attention-based multi-modal data integration. This ensures the learning of meaningful representations while accounting for missing sources in some samples. Results. Our findings demonstrate that MMnc achieves high classification accuracy across diverse non-coding RNA classes. The method’s modular architecture allows for the consideration of multiple types of modalities, whereas other tools only consider one or two at most. MMnc is resilient to missing data, ensuring that all available information is effectively utilized. Importantly, the generated attention scores offer interpretable insights into the underlying patterns of the different non-coding RNA classes, potentially driving future non-coding RNA research and applications.</p
L’IA Fake Festival : un dispositif pédagogique pour développer l’esprit critique et les compétences en IA génératives
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Unveiling Digital Managerialism: A Critical Appraisal of The Rise of Digital Management
No full textInternational audienceIn The Rise of Digital Management, François-Xavier de Vaujany traces the convergence of digital technology and management practices through the industrial mobilisation of World War II and its extension during the Cold War, as well as the enduring legacy of these origins. Using a combination of historical narrative, philosophical insights, and fictional elements, the book examines how 'digitality' has come to structure modern lives, embedding corporate interests within seemingly neutral digital platforms.Drawing on the management theories of Burnham (1941) and Wiener (1948), the author demonstrates how wartime coordination strategies and the emergence of cybernetic feedback systems reshaped managerial practices. These innovations shifted the focus from supervising workers' physical presence to guiding activities through interconnected digital environments, marking a transition from the localised logic of 1930s 'scientific management' to the open, mobile framework of 'digital management' that emerged during World War II. Building on Wiener's cybernetics, de Vaujany connects feedback-based control mechanisms initially developed for military-industrial applications to contemporary digital management practices. His analysis reveals how cybernetic ideals of predictability and control, originally applied to mechanical systems, were adapted to structure human interactions, situating digital management within a broader historical framework rooted in mid-20th-century management thinking.The book is structured into three segments, each offering a distinct perspective on digital management. The first part traces the historical roots of managerial thought, situating the origins of digital management in post-Depression and wartime America (Chapters I-IV). The second part is more reflective, exploring digital management's impact on autonomy and human relations (Chapters V and VI). Finally, the third section takes a speculative approach, considering how digital management might evolve in ways that further blur the line between individual agency and managerial oversight (Chapters VII and VIII). While de Vaujany offers a variety of insights on topics ranging from the ideological implications of digital management to emerging and possible alternatives, in the remainder of this review, I will focus on two contributions that strike me as particularly valuable: first, his account of the affective control of digital managerialism, and second, his tracing of the roots of modern digital management to schools of thought developed in response to the Second World War.The first central argument of de Vaujany's book is the erosion of depth and thickness in contemporary experience, which he attributes primarily to the advent of digital managerialism and its Book Review 1318972O RG0010.1177/13505084251318972OrganizationBook Review book-review2025</div
La théorie féministe au défi du handicap: Recueil de textes des feminist disability studies
No full textInternational audienceComment intégrer le handicap dans les réflexions féministes ? Ce recueil élaboré et préfacé par un collectif d'universitaires et de militantes handi-féministes propose de chercher les réponses dans le champ théorique méconnu des feminist disability studies, à la croisée des études sur le handicap et des études féministes. Les textes fondateurs anglo-saxons présentés, écrits entre 1981 et 2006, explorent les thèmes du care, de la prise en compte de l'intime dans la définition du handicap, des enjeux validistes du droit à l'avortement, ou encore de l'altérité des corps féminins et handicapés.Un ouvrage important pour nous aider à réfléchir théoriquement et politiquement aux rapports de pouvoir et aux luttes collectives à mener
Integrated optimisation of operations and financing for large-scale multi-period multi-product capital-constrained supply chains
No full textInternational audienceIn a typical supply chain, the operations of procurement, production, inventory, distribution, transportation, and financing decisions are interdependent, collectively impacting the overall performance of the system. However, traditional supply chain management often prioritises minimising operating costs, rarely considering financial strategies simultaneously to achieve enhanced operational benefits. This study addresses a novel operations and financing integrated optimisation problem in multi-period, multi-product, capital-constrained supply chain systems, with the objective of maximising profit. The studied NP-hard problem is formulated as a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) model. To efficiently and effectively tackle large-sized problems, two decomposition-based effective heuristics are developed. The first decomposes the original problem into two sub-problems: an integrated optimisation problem involving inventory, production, transportation, distribution, and financing (sub-problem 1) and a procurement problem (sub-problem 2), both of which are solved using MILP models. The second method further develops a polynomial-time heuristic for sub-problem 1. To evaluate the performance of the developed methods, 180 instances involving up to 600 products and 1200 raw materials are conducted. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithms can achieve high quality solutions with an average gap of less than 2.24% within 50 seconds. Based on the numerical analysis, managerial insights are discussed
Entropic detection of chromatic community structures
No full textInternational audienceThe identification of community structure represents a central challenge in the field of complex networks. The objective is to ascertain the internal organization of agents within a network and to provide a representative network partition. Each community is presumed to comprise nodes sharing a common objective or property. The identification of these communities is typically based on the difference in connectivity density between the interior and border of a community. Indeed, nodes sharing a common purpose or property are expected to interact closely. Although this rule appears to be relevant, it nevertheless fails to address fundamental scientific problems such as disease module detection, thereby highlighting the inability to meaningfully determine communities based solely on connectivity for this situation. Consequently, another paradigm is necessary to formalize this problem accurately and detect these communities objectively. In this article, we propose a new framework to study this novel community formation property. Considering that colors represent shared properties, the problem is to maximize groups of nodes of the same color within communities. We propose a novel algorithm for detecting community structure based on a new measurement, chromatic entropy, which quantitatively assesses the community structure based on color constraint
Hedging Valuation Adjustment for Callable Claims
No full textIn this work, we extend to callable assets the model risk approach of Bénézet and Crépey (2024), itself leveraging on the notion of hedging valuation adjustment initially introduced for dealing with transaction costs in Burnett (2021) & Burnett and Williams (2021). The classical way to deal with model risk is to reserve the differences between the valuations in reference models and in the local models used by traders. However, while traders’ prices are thus corrected, their hedging strategies and their exercise decisions are still wrong, which necessitates a risk-adjusted reserve. We illustrate our approach on a stylized callable range accrual representative of huge amounts of structured products on the market. We show that a model risk reserve adjusted for the risk of wrong exercise decisions may largely exceed a basic reserve only accounting for valuation differences