HAL Evry
Not a member yet
19237 research outputs found
Sort by
Cultural Heritage
No full textArticle du dossier «European Research Challenges: Some common scientific perspectives from CNR, CNRS and CSIC»International audienceCultural Heritage permeates every aspect of our contemporary society, manifesting in physical spaces, intangible traditions, and virtual realms. Far from being merely artefacts from the past, Cultural Heritage represents a living, dynamic framework that shapes our understanding of who we are and guides our path forward. The importance of Cultural Heritage research has never been more critical than in our current historical context.Heritage Science, encompassing all forms of scientific inquiry into human works and the combined works of nature and humans that are of value to people1, offers critical thinking and human-centred perspectives, providing essential tools in an age of artificial intelligence and automated decision-making. It supplies an ethical framework for social responsibility, offering historical context for contemporary challenges. It reinforces democratic values and social cohesion through insights into the evolution of social structures and governance systems. It enhances the understanding, preservation, sustainable use and management of tangible and intangible heritage.The field promotes a long-term vision that is crucial for informed decisions about our collective future, while serving as a transdisciplinary bridge connecting the humanities and sciences in a comprehensive approach to complex challenges
Calderón splitting and weak solutions for Navier-Stokes equations with initial data in weighted L p spaces
No full textWe show the existence of global weak solutions of the 3D Navier-Stokes equations with initial velocity in the weighted spaces, using Calderón splitting L p Φγ ⊂ L 2 Φ 2 + L r (with some r ∈ (3, +∞)) and energy controls in L 2 Φ 2 .</div
Life-cycle-related gene expression patterns in the brown algae
No full textInternational audienceBrown algae are important primary constituents of marine coastal ecosystems, characterised by complex life cycles and various levels of complex multicellular development. However, the molecular processes that underlie development and life cycle progression in the brown algae remain poorly understood. In this study, pairwise comparisons of gametophyte and sporophyte transcriptomes across 10 diverse brown algal species showed that the total number of genes exhibiting generation-biased or generation-specific expression in each species was correlated with the degree of dimorphism between life cycle generations. However, analysis of gene ontology terms assigned to the generation-biased/generation-specific genes indicated that each generation (i.e. the sporophyte and the gametophyte) also has characteristic broad life-cycle-related features that have been conserved during evolution. A more detailed analysis of Ectocarpus species 7 identified progressive transcriptome changes over its entire life cycle, with a particularly marked change in transcriptome composition during the first day of sporophyte development, characterised by downregulation of flagellar and transcription factor genes and upregulation of a subset of translation genes. Comparison with a similar transcriptomic time series for the evolutionarily distant (about 250 My) brown alga Dictyota dichotoma indicated considerable conservation of co-expressed gene modules between the two species, particularly for modules that were enriched in genes assigned to evolutionarily conserved functional categories. This study therefore identified broad life-cycle- and development-related patterns of gene expression that are conserved across the brown algae
Genomics-based quantitative biogeography of marine plankton
No full textAbstract Marine plankton are key drivers of ocean productivity and global carbon cycling, yet their quantitative biogeography remains poorly characterized. Environmental genomic datasets are inherently compositional, restricting analyses to relative abundances and limiting their integration into ecological and biogeochemical models. Here we combine DNA mass measurements, filtered seawater volumes, and metagenomic relative abundances to generate absolute estimates of cell concentrations and carbon biomass of plankton across the global ocean. Leveraging thousands of samples, this approach provides quantitative estimates for hundreds of eukaryotic and thousands of prokaryotic environmental genomes, unveiling ecological associations not captured by compositional data. Using the psbO marker gene, we reconstruct quantitative biogeographies of photosynthetic lineages and, through global-scale modeling, project their distributions to generate quantitative maps of phytoplankton communities across the world’s ocean. By bridging genomic data with biogeochemical metrics, this study provides novel resources for integrating plankton at genomic resolution into next-generation biogeochemical models
Écrivains publics dans l’Algérie colonisée. L’impossible régulation d’un métier de rue ? (Années 1900-1962)
No full textInternational audienc
Fixed-Time Prescribed Performance Control for Robotic Manipulators via Reinforcement Learning
No full textInternational audienceIn this article, a reinforcement learning (RL)-based fixed-time trajectory tracking control scheme is proposed for robotic manipulators, where the unknown disturbances and model uncertainties are considered. A nonsingular fast terminal sliding surface is designed to guarantee the fixed-time convergence of the tracking error, with an estimation of the upper limit for the convergence time provided. A performance index function is formulated, incorporating both the tracking error and input cost. By employing an adaptive identifier and a critic, we develop an RL-based optimal tracking control scheme, where the convergence time is independent of initial conditions. The stability of the system and the fixed-time convergence of the closed-loop system are demonstrated via Lyapunov theory. Physical simulations and experiments are carried out to verify the feasibility of the proposed control strategy
Futur Skills - Qualifizierung und Bildung neu denken?: Das Beispiel der Musikwissenschaft und -pädagogik
No full textInternational audienc
Transitions et bifurcations professionnelles dans le microcosme dusport et de l’enjeu environnemental
No full textInternational audienc
L'immigration affecte-t-elle les salaires des autochtones ? Une méta-analyse
No full textDocuments de travail du Centre d'Economie de la Sorbonne 2025.10 - ISSN : 1955-611X - eISSN : 2968-6687The impact of immigration on native wages remains a contentious issue in labour economics. This meta-analysis synthesises evidence from 88 studies published between 1985 and 2023, offering a comprehensive assessment of reduced-form estimates. We document substantial heterogeneity across estimates and show that contexts and empirical designs systematically shape reported effects. In particular, shift-share instrumental-variable strategies correct the upward bias seen in OLS estimates. Our findings emphasise the necessity for replication and enhanced transparency in methodological reporting.L'impact de l'immigration sur les salaires des autochtones reste un sujet controversé en économie du travail. Cette méta-analyse synthétise les données issues de 88 études publiées entre 1985 et 2023, offrant une évaluation complète des estimations sous forme réduite. Nous documentons une hétérogénéité substantielle entre les estimations et montrons que les contextes et les conceptions empiriques influencent systématiquement les effets rapportés. En particulier, les stratégies de variables instrumentales shift-share corrigent le biais à la hausse observé dans les estimations MCO. Nos conclusions soulignent la nécessité de reproduire les études et d'améliorer la transparence dans la présentation des méthodes utilisées