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Sivil havacılık bakım, onarım ve revizyon (MRO) sektörünün uluslararasılaşması: Kalitatif bir çalışma
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A PERMA model approach to well‑being: A psychometric properties study
Get PDFPsychological well-being infuences all the facets of adolescent success. This study examined the psychometric prop erties of PERMA, a subjective well-being measure consisting of fve domains: positive emotions, engagement, relation ships, meaning, and accomplishment. The sample size consisted of 502 high school students from public schools in Qatar. Contrary to expectations, the fve-factor structure for PERMA did not ft our data well; however, after refning the model by the errors of the covariances between items, the one-factor model was found to be applicable. Mul tivariate analysis revealed that socioeconomic status (SES) and level of academic performance were independently and positively associated with overall well-being scores, whereas internalizing and externalizing behaviors were negatively associated. Notably, no signifcant efects of gender or age on well-being were observed. These fndings suggest that interventions specifc to socioeconomic status, academic excellence, and internalizing and externalizing behaviors in the school setting can produce more efective outcomes concerning student well-being
AI ethics as a complex and multifaceted challenge: Decoding educators’ AI ethics alignment through the lens of activity theory
Get PDFThis study explores university educators’ perspectives on their alignment with artifcial intelligence (AI) ethics, considering activity theory (AT), which forms the theoretical underpinning of this study. To do so, 37 educators from a higher education institution were selected to write their metaphors about AI ethics alignment, out of which 11 attended semi-structured interviews, in which they answered some questions about their AI ethics alignment and narrated some experiences. The study reveals diverse and often contradictory perspectives on AI ethics, highlighting a general lack of awareness and inconsistent application of ethical principles. Some educators metaphorised AI ethics as fundamental but difcult to understand, while others pointed to the difculties of regulating ethical violations. The fndings highlight the need for targeted professional development on AI ethics, collaborative policy making and a multidisciplinary approach to promote ethical use of AI in higher education. This study also calls for stronger alignment between educators’ personal ethical standards and institutional norms to reduce AI-related risks in educational settings
A depiction of Rohingya refugees in India’s online news platforms following the shift in the Indian government’s stance in 2017
Get PDFThe media plays a crucial role in framing and representing humanitarian crises, significantly influencing public opinion. The representation of these crises in the media directly impacts the dissemination of information to the global public. One prominent international crisis is the plight of the Rohingya Muslims in Myanmar, which dates back to the 1970s. News about the Rohingya refugees has been a major humanitarian topic on the global stage. The findings of this study reveal that Rohingya refugees are predominantly represented negatively in popular media platforms in India. Negative framing, including dehumanization and misrepresentation, is often employed in political discourse and developments. The portrayal of Rohingya refugees in Indian media frequently resorts to one-dimensional and stereotypical depictions. The frequent occurrence of dehumanization and misrepresentation, identifiable through the use of language and selective reporting practices, indicates a strong alignment of most Indian mainstream media with the government’s position. However, it is noteworthy that some platforms maintain a critical perspective. The portrayal of Rohingya refugees in India’s mainstream news outlet’s online platforms, such as Hindustan Times Online, NDTV Online, The Times of India Online, and India Today Online, reveals a complex landscape with varying narratives and governmental alignments
Investigating faculty-initiated verbal, physical, social, sexual, and cyberbullying: A cross-sectional study from Turkey
Get PDFIntroduction: People have long assumed that bullying does not occur in university classrooms. However, a closer examination of university education reveals that faculty-initiated bullying is a real phenomenon that warrants attention. This study aims to investigate the classical forms of bullying perpetrated by faculty members in the university setting. We examined various types of bullying, including physical, verbal, and social bullying, sexual bullying, and cyberbullying. This paper seeks to address questions about the prevalence of faculty-initiated bullying and abuse against students. Methods: A web-based survey of 12 questions was administered to 2,676 senior university students attending state universities in the West Black Sea Region of Turkey. A chi-square test was utilized to compare the proportions of bullying acts across different groups categorized by types of schools (universities, colleges, vocational schools, and language preparation schools), type of education (daytime and evening education), grade or level of education (1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th year students), and gender (male and female). We set the significance level at 5% and conducted two-sided tests. Results: The sample of 2,676 students included 1493 (55.8%) females and 1183 (44.2%) males, representing 15.46% of the total university population. 1,642 (61.4%) participants received daytime education, while 1,034 (38.6%) received evening education. The results revealed significant differences in the prevalence of bullying by faculty members among various types of schools. Notably, the significant values were for universities or faculties offering four-year courses, vocational schools/colleges offering two-year courses, and one-year language preparation courses. Additionally, between daytime and evening education, the groups differed only in the dimension of social bullying. Discussion: Bullying and mistreatment are quite common in higher education. Furthermore, male and female students showed only verbal and physical bullying distinctions. Finally, significant differences in physical, verbal, and sexual bullying and cyberbullying were observed in terms of grade levels, whereas no such difference was noted for social bullying. Take-home message: The results indicate that bullying at the university level is a real phenomenon that needs immediate attention. We need to prioritize interventions to increase the education and awareness of faculty members
Social accountability in Tunisia: Processes of learning in civic innovation between 2011 and 2021
Get PDFThis chapter explores the different conceptions of social accountability held by Tunisian civil society actors and public officials in the context of the country’s transition from authoritarian rule between 2011 and 2021. It analyses the strategies and methods used by civil society actors to engage citizens in demanding accountability, to exact accountability from public officials and to enforce commitments. The chapter draws on qualitative research methods, namely semi-structured interviews, one focus group discussion and three in-depth case studies conducted between April and September 2021. We find that four main factors were important to the success of SA initiatives: first, the need for civil society to build credibility with both citizens and officials over time; second, the importance of tackling both ends of the accountability equation by working with citizens and officials to strengthen the commitment of both to accountability; third, the need to build coalitions of CSOs and local–national civil society linkages; and fourth, utilising cooperative as well as confrontational strategies towards officials that involve multiple methods, such as media campaigns, community mobilisation and training for officials. When these factors were present, SA initiatives were seen to advance downward accountability and reshape state–society relations
Good governance principles and city council: Past, present and future
Get PDF5393 sayılı Belediye Kanunu Madde 76’da, kent yaşamında; şehir vizyonunun ve hemşehrilik bilincinin geliştirilmesi, şehrin hak ve hukukunun korunması, sürdürülebilir kalkınma, çevreye duyarlılık, sosyal yardımlaşma ve dayanışma, saydamlık, hesap sorma ve hesap verme, katılım ve yerinden yönetim ilkelerini hayata geçirmeye çalışmak üzere Kent Konseyleri düzenlenmiştir. Kent Konseyleri, sürdürülebilir kalkınma ilkeleri temelinde şehrin kalkınma öncelikleri ve sorunları ile vizyonlarının belirlendiği, tartışıldığı, çözümlerin geliştirildiği demokratik yapılar ile yönetişim mekanizmalarının bir örneğidir...Article 76 of the Municipality Law No. 5393 regulates City Councils in order to try to realize the principles of sustainable development, sensitivity to the environment, social cooperation and solidarity, transparency, questioning and accountability, participation and decentralization in urban life. City Councils are an example of democratic structures and governance mechanisms where development priorities, problems and visions of the city are determined, discussed and solutions are developed on the basis of sustainable development principles..
The effect of learned helplessness on the psychological health of healthcare workers
Get PDFThe study of the relationship between learned helplessness and psychological health in the workplace provides a good understanding of how psychological health functions and identifies the factors of well-being and psychological distress among caregiving staff. Methods: To examine the impact of learned helplessness on the determinants of psychological health among healthcare workers, we surveyed a sample of 141 Moroccan healthcare workers (62.41% female; Mage=41.4). Results: The results indicated that psychological well-being at work is negatively correlated with feelings of learned helplessness. In contrast, psychological distress reports a significant positive correlation with feelings of helplessness among healthcare workers (-.28 and .35, respectively). Discussion: The study of the link between feelings of learned helplessness and psychological health at work provides a good understanding of the problem of psychological health at work among caregiving staff and identifies its determinants. This study's results underline that the feelings of helplessness that healthcare workers learn during their professional practice influence their psychological health and help to (partially) explain their psychological well-being and distress. The statistical analysis results reveal that learned helplessness reports a significant correlation coefficient with psychological well-being at work and its factors (serenity, social commitment, and social harmony)
Nizam-ı Cedit'ten Vaka-i Hayriye'ye Osmanlı İmparatorluğunda çocukların eğitiminin mecburi hale getirilmesi, 1808-1826
Get PDFSultan Mahmud II's era witnessed a gradual transition of the centuries-old classical Ottoman education system that was controlled by the ulama into a state administration by the announcement of an imperial decree in 1824. Although this significant change was the third in Europe, it has not been a specific topic for academic research so far. As the documents from the Ottoman archives confirm, the Sultan's efforts concerning children's basic education began almost a decade earlier. He was concerned about the deteriorating quality of the education system. Based on the primary sources, this study aims to portray the historical background and the official transfer of children's education under state control. This decree did not only make children's education compulsory but also displayed families' bad habit of letting little children work instead of sending them to school. According to the imperial decree, children started working at a very early age and did not learn the basics of their religion, and when they grew up, they did not go and educate themselves either. Sultan instructed authorities to prevent child labor and ensure children attended schools learning the basics of their religion. In effect, children's education became the collective responsibility of not only the families but also imams, school teachers, neighborhood administrators, and judges.Sultan II. Mahmud dönemi, ulama tarafından kontrol edilen klasik Osmanlı eğitim sisteminin 1824’te ilan edilen ferman ile devlet yönetimine kademeli bir geçişin başlangıç dönemidir. Bu büyük değişim tarihsel olarak Avrupa'da Prusya ve İsveç’in ardından üçüncü olmasına rağmen, şimdiye kadar bir akademik araştırma konusu olmamıştır. Aslında Osmanlı arşiv belgeleri, Sultan'ın çocukların temel eğitimi konusundaki çabalarının neredeyse on yıl önce başladığını göstermektedir. Kendisi eğitim sisteminde kalitenin bozulması ile ilgili endişeler taşımaktaydı. Bu çalışma birincil kaynaklara dayanarak çocukların eğitiminin devlet kontrolü altına geçmesinin tarihsel arka planını tasvir etmeyi hedeflemektedir. Bu ferman sadece çocukların eğitimini zorunlu hale getirmekle kalmamış, aynı zamanda ailelerin kötü alışkanlıklarından olmak üzere küçük çocuklarını okula göndermek yerine çalıştırdıklarını da ortaya koymuştur. Fermana göre çocuklar çok küçük yaşta çalıştırılmaya başladığından temel din eğitimi almamakta, ileri yaşlarda da gidip kendi eğitimlerini tamamlamamaktaydılar. Sultan, yetkililere çocuk işçiliğini önlemeleri ve çocukların okullara giderek dinlerinin temel ilkelerini öğrenmelerini sağlamaları talimatını vermiştir. Sonuç olarak, çocukların eğitimi sadece ailelerin değil, aynı zamanda imamların, okul öğretmenlerinin, muhtarların ve kadıların ortak sorumluluğu haline geldi
Ibn Abī al-Luṭf al-Maqdisī's ʻIqd allaʼālī li-badʼ al-Amālī: Analysis and critical edition
Get PDFİslâmî ilimlerin tedrisi açısından önemli olan manzum metinler, akaid-nâmeler olarak kelam literatüründe kendisine yer bulmuştur. Bu eserlerin başında gelen Ali b. Osmân el-Ûşî'nin (ö. 575/1179) Bed'ü'l-Emâlî adlı eseri didaktik türün güzide örneklerinden biri olarak medrese müfredatlarında yıllarca ders kitabı olarak okutulmuş, Hanefî-Mâturidî gelenekte adından söz ettiren bir üne kavuşmuştur. Sahip olduğu bu şöhret, üzerinde en çok şerh yapılan akaid metinlerinden biri olmasını sağlamıştır. Bunlar içerisinde gün yüzüne çıkarılmayı bekleyen birçok kıymetli eser bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışma böylesi önemi haiz bir metnin şerhi olan hicrî onuncu asır Kudüs ulemasından İbn Ebi'l-Lütf Şemsüddîn el-Makdisî'nin (ö. 928/1521) İkdü'l-Le'âlî li-Bed'i'l-Emâlî adlı eserini gün yüzüne çıkarmayı, incelemeyi, tenkitli neşrini yaparak kelam literatürüne kazandırmayı amaçlamaktadır. Çalışmanın ilk bölümünde İkdü'l-Le'âlî li-Bed'i'l-Emâlî isimli eserin müellifi olan İbn Ebi'l-Lütf el-Makdisî'nin hayatı hakkında bilgi verilmiş, eserin el yazma nüshaları tanıtılmış ve eserin müellife aidiyeti incelenmiştir. İkinci bölümde eserin içeriği irdelenmiş ve sistematik bir şekilde ortaya konmuştur. Son bölümde ise manzumenin tenkitli neşrine yer verilmiştir.In the teaching of Islamic Studies, poetical ʻAqāʼidnāmahs have made ground for itself in the Kalām literature. As a prominent example of the didactic genre, ʻAlī b. ʻUthmān al-'Ūshī's (d. 575/1179) Badʼu al-Amālī have existed in the curriculum of Madrasahs for many years as a textbook, and have gained popularity in the Hanafī-Māturidī tradition. This popularity has made this work one of the most commentated ʻAqāʼid texts, among which are many yet waiting to be discovered. This study aims to contribute to the Kalām literature by unearthing, analyzing, and providing a critical edition of a commentary of such a significant text which was composed by Ibn Abī al-Luṭf al-Maqdisī (d. 928/1521), a 10th-century scholar from Jerusalem, namely ʻIqd al-laʼālī li-badʼ al-Amālī. The first chapter of the study covers the biography of Ibn Abī al-Luṭf al-Maqdisī, introduces the manuscript copies of the analyzed texts, and discusses the attribution of the work to the author. The second chapter systematically scrutinizes the content of the work. The third and final chapter includes the critical edition of the text