Archivio Istituzionale della Ricerca- Università del Salento
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Simulators and training models for diagnostic and therapeutic gastrointestinal endoscopy: European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) Technical and Technology Review
No full text: Gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy comprises both diagnostic and therapeutic procedures involving the luminal GI tract as well as the biliary tree, liver, and pancreas. GI endoscopy is challenging to learn, requiring both cognitive (nontechnical) and technical skills, and requires extensive practice to attain proficiency. Simulation-based training has been shown to assist trainees and young endoscopists in acquiring new skills and accelerating the learning curve. Moreover, simulation-based training creates an ideal environment for trainees to initially learn and practice skills while making mistakes with no risk to patients.This review, divided in two parts, offers a comprehensive summary of the different classes of simulators available for GI endoscopic training.In Part I, only mechanical simulators are reported and described. In Part II, animal simulators (ex vivo/in vivo) and virtual reality models are detailed, together with prototypes that are currently not commercially available
Effects of glucagon-like PEPTIDE-1 receptor agonists on incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma and liver decompensation in patients with diabetes: A systematic review and META-analysis
No full text: This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the impact of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and liver decompensation in patients with type 2 diabetes. Analysing over 641,377 patients, GLP-1RA use was associated with a significant 58% reduction in HCC risk, particularly in patients with cirrhotis. While a trend towards reduced liver decompensation risk was observed, it was not statistically significant. These findings suggest a potential role for GLP-1RAs in HCC risk stratification and prevention strategies
Mainländeriana
No full textENG In Mainländeriana, Fabio Ciracì brings together six contributions that examine the singular figure of Philipp Mainländer (1841–1876), a metaphysician of the Schopenhauer School who pushed his master’s pessimism to its extreme, developing a Philosophy of Redemption centered on the death of god and the concept of individual suicide. In the chapter "Philipp Mainländer's Atheism: Counter-indications of the Concept of God," Mainländer’s metaphysics of entropy is reconstructed as a means to rehabilitate all evidence for the existence of god, following the method of medieval mystics’ negative theology. In "Mainländer and National Socialism: Lassalle, Fichte and the Order of the Holy Grail," the sources of Mainländer’s political vision are examined alongside the idea of establishing a chivalric order as an instrument for realizing the ideal state—the final stage in the entropic dissolution of the world towards absolute Nothingness. The contribution "Mainländer as a Reader of Leopardi" reconstructs Mainländer’s engagement with the writings of the great Italian pessimist. The essay "Schopenhauer and the Three Mystics of Sexuality: Philipp Mainländer, Maria Groener and Helene von Druskowitz" explores the mystical reception of Schopenhauer’s metaphysics of sexual love through the lenses of the mysticism of virginity, race, and gender, respectively. The piece "Mainländer, Nordau and the Mortal Sickness" delves into the influence of Mainländerian thought on Max Nordau’s work and examines its literary transposition in The Sickness of the Century, a celebrated study by the author of Entartung. The final chapter, "Cioran as a Reader of Mainländer," is devoted to the reception of Mainländer’s ideas by the prominent contemporary nihilist.
ITA In Mainländeriana, Fabio Ciracì raccoglie sei contributi dedicati alla singolare figura di Philipp Mainländer (1841-1876), metafisico della Scuola di Schopenhauer che ha portato il pessimismo del maestro alle sue estreme conseguenze, elaborando una Filosofia della redenzione fondata sulla morte di dio e sul suicidio individuale. Nel capitolo intitolato L’ateismo di Philipp Mainländer: controindicazioni del concetto di dio si ricostruisce la metafisica dell’entropia con la quale Mainländer intende riabilitare tutte le prove dell’esistenza di dio, seguendo il metodo della teologia negativa dei mistici medievali. In Mainländer e il socialismo nazionale: Lassalle, Fichte e l’Ordine del Sacro Graal si analizzano le fonti della visione politica mainländeriana e l’idea della costituzione di un ordine cavalleresco, come strumento di realizzazione dello Stato ideale, ultima tappa della dissoluzione entropica del mondo verso l’assoluto Nulla. Il contributo su Mainländer lettore di Leopardi ricostruisce la conoscenza da parte del filosofo tedesco degli scritti del grande pessimista italiano. Il saggio Schopenhauer e le tre mistiche della sessualità: Philipp Mainländer, Maria Groener e Helene von Druskowitz esplora la ricezione mistica della schopenhaueriana metafisica dell’amor sessuale, rispettivamente attraverso la mistica della verginità, la mistica della razza e la mistica del genere. Il contributo Mainländer, Nordau e la malattia mortale approfondisce la fortuna del pensiero mainländeriano nell’opera di Max Nordau e ricostruisce la trasposizione letteraria di Mainländer all’interno della Malattia del secolo del celebre autore di Entartung. L’ultimo capitolo, dal titolo Cioran lettore di Mainländer, è dedicato alla ricezione del pensiero di Mainländer da parte del grande pensatore del nichilismo contemporaneo
Individual and community catalysts for Renewable Energy Communities (RECs) development
Full text linkThis review examines factors catalyzing citizens' participation in Renewable Energy Communities (RECs), crucial for sustainable energy transitions. We analyze the interplay of individual and community elements promoting involvement in these collective projects. Individual drivers include pro-environmental values, economic incentives, desire for energy autonomy, and technical knowledge. Community factors encompass social cohesion, local identity, effective leadership, inclusive governance, and supportive policies. The synergy between these factors drives REC development. Challenges remain in ensuring accessibility, sustaining participation, and scaling successful models. Further research is needed on participation dynamics over time, cross-cultural comparisons, innovative financing, and digital technologies' role. Understanding and enhancing these catalyzing factors can unlock the potential of community-driven energy solutions to address climate change while promoting sustainable and equitable energy future
Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection (ESD) for the Management of Fibrotic Non-Lifting Colorectal Lesions (NLCLs): Results from a Large Multicenter Retrospective Study
No full text: Background/Objectives: The management of non-lifting colorectal lesions (NLCLs), often resulting from previous unsuccessful treatments or biopsies, remains challenging due to submucosal fibrosis that prevents adequate lifting. Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is a viable option for achieving complete resection in such cases. However, when standard ESD is not feasible, conversion to hybrid ESD (H-ESD) has been proposed as a rescue strategy. This study aimed to assess ESD's feasibility, effectiveness, and safety for NLCLs, including cases requiring conversion to H-ESD, when performed by experienced endoscopists in tertiary referral centers. Methods: In this multicenter retrospective study, data from patients with NLCLs treated by ESD/H-ESD between January 2009 and September 2022 were analyzed. The primary endpoint was the recurrence rate (RR). Secondary endpoints included the adverse event (AE) rate, technical success (TS) rate (en bloc resection regardless of technique), complete resection (CR), curative resection (cR) rates, and surgical intervention rate. Predictors of ESD technical success were identified. Results: In total, 178 patients with NLCLs were included (52 previously biopsied, 126 recurrent after previous resection). ESD was used in 111 (62.4%) and H-ESD in 67 (37.6%) cases. During a median follow-up of 373 days (IQR 540), the overall RR was 3.6%. The overall AE rate was 13.4%, and perforation was the most frequent (8.4%). All AEs were successfully managed endoscopically. The TS rate was 71.9%, significantly higher in previously biopsied lesions compared to recurrent ones (78.8% vs. 55.6%, p = 0.04). On multivariate analysis, rectal location (p < 0.001), F1 fibrosis (p = 0.026), and previously biopsied lesions (p = 0.006) predicted ESD TS without the need for conversion to H-ESD. Conclusions: ESD/H-ESD is feasible and safe for NLCLs when performed by experienced operators, with low RR amenable to endoscopic treatment. Previously biopsied lesions, rectal location, and low fibrosis predict ESD TS
PHYSICAL LITERACY, EDUCATIONAL PROCESS AND CONTEXTS: MODELS, INTERVENTIONS, PERSPECTIVES
No full textPhysical Literacy (PL) has gained popularity and progressive importance worldwide in recent years,
contributing to the definition of paths in educational research, internal and external school projects,
connections with sports, and other educational contexts. PL has been described as a gateway to physical
activityparticipation across different ages and educational settings such as schools, sports, leisure time, and
the healthsector for the prevention and treatment of non-communicable diseases.
In many countries, not only in Europe, models of PL are now present, with varying degrees of definition,
characterizing not only interpretations of education through physicality and motor and sports activities but
alsothe level of institutional presence and impact. Various studies have recently been published expressing
syntheses and positions on the topic.
In a time when various technologies are often at the forefront of attention for studying their real
contribution to the educational and learning process, it is crucial not to overlook the importance of physical
literacy in the lives of children and youth. PL goes beyond motor and sports skills or the development of
physical efficiency,framing itself as an educational process, a teaching model, a methodological approach,
and a lifestyle.
Physical literacy encompasses motivations, confidence, motor skills, knowledge, and awareness that enable
the maintenance of a physically active lifestyle. A student possessing a high level of physical literacy can move
with motor mastery consciously and creatively (Whitehead, 2013)
Fiere e mercati in Puglia tra età sveva e primo-angioina
No full textIl saggio è dedicato all'identificazione dei luoghi, dei tempi e degli spazi riservati alla celebrazione di fiere e di mercanti settimanali nella Puglia dei secoli XIII e XIV. Partendo dalle misure economiche adottate da Federico II di Svevia relativamente all’istituzione e alla regolamentazione delle fiere ricadenti nel territorio del Regno (1234), vengono prese in esame, in particolare, le disposizioni regie che in età angioina hanno favorito e promosso l'ampliamento del circuito fieristico regionale in area pugliese
Deformed solutions of the Yang–Baxter equation associated to dual weak braces
Full text linkA recent method for acquiring new solutions of the Yang–Baxter equation involves deforming the classical solution associated with a skew brace. In this work, we demonstrate the applicability of this method to a dual weak brace (S,+,o) and prove that all elements generating deformed solutions belong precisely to the set Dr(S) ={z ∈ S |∀a,b ∈ S (a + b) ◦ z = a◦z−z+b◦z}, which we term the distributor of S. We show it is a full inverse subsemigroup of (S,◦) and prove it is an ideal for certain classes of braces. Additionally, we express the distributor of a brace S in terms of the associativity of the operation ·, with ◦,representing the circle or adjoint operation. In this context, (Dr(S),+,·) constitutes a Jacobson radical ring contained within S. Furthermore, we explore parameters leading to non-equivalent solutions, emphasizing that even deformed solutions by idempotents may not be equivalent. Lastly, considering S as a strong semilattice [Y, Bα,φα,β] of skew braces Bα, we establish that a deformed solution forms a semilattice of solutions on each skew brace Bα if and only if the semilattice Y is bounded by an element 1 and the deforming element z lies in B1
Technological, economic, and emission analysis of the oxy-combustion process
Full text linkThe high concentration of polluting emissions, and in particular of CO2 in the atmosphere, determines the greenhouse effect, therefore it is necessary to reduce its quantity as much as possible. For this reason, a strong commitment is underway to obtain effective technological improvements and to study adequate operational measures. One measure among these may be the oxy-combustion process.
Many researchers have studied this process, its characteristics, and operating conditions but what is not known in the literature is the economic feasibility of a plant employing this technology and its environmental impact. There are few plants powered by oxy-combustion and many of these are still pilot plants, for this reason using Retscreen it was possible to evaluate and optimize the technical and financial feasibility of an oxy-fuel cogeneration plant for a university campus in such a way as to demonstrate the cost-effectiveness and lower environmental impact that an oxy-fuel system causes compared to a traditional system. It was evaluated the return on investment for the cogeneration plant as the economic parameters varied: in almost all cases analyzed the investment turned out to be convenient and the minimum calculated payback time was 2.5 years.
With this software, it was also possible to determine the environmental impact of this technology which corresponds to a reduction of approximately 3700 tons/year of carbon dioxide compared to a traditional type of system. This work will encourage the investors and corporate sector to embrace this alternative technology for decreasing polluting emissions from the process